Medical 2 Unit 4

Front 1

Three basic functions of the digestive system

Back 1

Digestion, absorbtion, elimination

Front 2

Digestive tract aka

Back 2

Alimentary canal

Front 3

Mouth aka

Back 3

Oral cavity

Front 4

little pouch on the side of your mouth between your teeth and cheek

Back 4

buccal cavity

Front 5

watery substance in the mouth that keeps stuff moist. Enzymes break down food. Secreted in the mouth.

Back 5

Saliva

Front 6

little fold of tissue underneath the tongue that holds/attaches the tongue to the floor of your mouth

Back 6

Frenulum

Front 7

Two types of teeth

Back 7

Deciduous (baby/milk/primary teeth) and Adult teeth

Front 8

Name the adult teeth

Back 8

incisors, cuspids, bicuspids, and molars

Front 9

What does each type of tooth do?

Back 9

Incisor -bite & cut
Cuspids – canines. Pointed. Pierce, tearing, grip. “eye teeth.”
Bicuspids – Crush, mash. “premolars.”
Molars – flat. Grind.

Front 10

How many teeth in an adult mouth?

Back 10

32

Front 11

How many of each tooth in the upper jaw

Back 11

4 incisors, 2 cuspids, 4 bicuspids, 6 molars.

Front 12

The last molar is the...

Back 12

3rd molar (wisdom tooth)

Front 13

Divisions of the tooth

Back 13

Crown, neck, root

Front 14

Gums

Back 14

Gingiva

Front 15

Hardest substance in the body

Back 15

Enamel

Front 16

Under enamel

Back 16

Dentin

Front 17

Flesh part of the tooth

Back 17

Pulp

Front 18

Microscopic channels in the pulp

Back 18

Denticles

Front 19

Keeps the tooth in the socket

Back 19

Cementum, periodontal membrane

Front 20

Preventative care of the teeth

Back 20

Dental prophylaxis

Front 21

Caries / Carious

Back 21

Cavities

Front 22

Bacteria creates a film on the teeth called

Back 22

Plaque

Front 23

Calcified plaque

Back 23

tartar

Front 24

Cutting off the tip of the root of the tooth

Back 24

Apicoectomy

Front 25

The flow of pus around one’s tooth in association with advanced stages of periodontal disease

Back 25

Pyorrhea

Front 26

Salivary glands

Back 26

Parotid, Submaxillary, Sublingual

Front 27

A tooth filling. Always has mercury in it.

Back 27

Amalgam

Front 28

Improper closing of the jaw and therefore, the teeth i.e., overbite, under bite, cross bite.

Back 28

Maloclusion

Front 29

Kinds of surfaces of the teeth

Back 29

Linguinal, labial, buccal, occlusal

Front 30

Specialists

Back 30

1. Prosthodontist – Has to do with false teeth.
2. Orthodontist – Straightens one’s teeth.
3. Periodontist – Specializes ain periodontal disease.

Front 31

Digestion

Back 31

The mechanical and chemical breakdown of food

Front 32

Esophagus:

Back 32

Gullet

Front 33

Painful swallowing

Back 33

Dysphagia

Front 34

Wave-like motions of smooth muscle in the digestive tract. They occur in the esophagus, the stomach and the intestines.

Back 34

Peristalsis

Front 35

End of the esophagus and beginning of the stomach.

Back 35

Cardiac sphincter

Front 36

The stomach, upper, body and lower portions:

Back 36

Fundus, body, pylorus

Front 37

Absorbed into the bloodstream quickly

Back 37

Water, alcohol, aspirin

Front 38

the soupy substance in your stomach that is what’s left of your food.

Back 38

Chyme

Front 39

Dissolves food

Back 39

Hydrochloric acid

Front 40

When the acid eats through to the stomach

Back 40

ulcer

Front 41

moist and wet

Back 41

weepy

Front 42

Folds of the stomach lining

Back 42

Rugae

Front 43

Rumbling sounds in the stomach and intestines

Back 43

Borborygmus

Front 44

On the right side of the stomach near the liver

Back 44

Lesser curvature

Front 45

Stomach is attached to the liver by the

Back 45

Lesser omentum

Front 46

Hangs from the greater curvature

Back 46

Greater omentum - hangs over the intestines like an apron.

Front 47

Sac-like thing that holds the organs

Back 47

Peritoneum

Front 48

Most absorbtion occurs in the...

Back 48

Small intestines

Front 49

Leads from the distal end of the stomach into the duodenum

Back 49

Pyloric sphincter

Front 50

parts of the small intestine

Back 50

Duodenum, jejunum, ileum

Front 51

Finger like projections on the lining of the small intestine. Food gets absorbed in here.

Back 51

Villus/Villi

Front 52

Fat from food goes into this vessel

Back 52

Lymphatic vessel

Front 53

Lymph vessels in the intestine that absorb the fat that we’ve eaten. Yellowish color

Back 53

Lacteals

Front 54

First part of the large intestine

Back 54

Cecum aka blind pouch

Front 55

Opening between the ilium and the cecum.

Back 55

Ileocecal valve

Front 56

Appendix

Back 56

Vermiform

Front 57

incision they make to take out the appendix.

Back 57

McBurney incision

Front 58

Colon parts

Back 58

- Ascending colon – next part after the cecum.
- Transverse colon – goes across
- Descending colon – goes down
- Sigmoid – “s” shaped
- Rectum
- Anus

Front 59

point of turning from the ascending to the transverse.

Back 59

Hepatic flexure

Front 60

point of turning from the transverse to the descending.

Back 60

Splenic flexure

Front 61

All throughout the intestine

Back 61

friendly flora

Front 62

abnormal pouch on the large intestine

Back 62

Diverticulum

Front 63

when the stuff, whatever it is at that point, settles in the diverticulum and putrefies.

Back 63

Diverticulitis

Front 64

Intestinal blockage

Back 64

Ileus

Front 65

The liver:

Back 65

acts as a detoxifier, creates bile

Front 66

Bile is sent from the liver to the gall bladder by the:

Back 66

Left and right hepatic ducts

Front 67

Bile:

Back 67

Emulsifies fats

Front 68

Crystalized bile

Back 68

Gallstones

Front 69

Medical term for gallstones

Back 69

Cholelith

Front 70

the yellow discoloration of the skin because of the deposition of bile the blood

Back 70

Jaundice

Front 71

Med term for gall bladder

Back 71

Cholecyst

Front 72

Gall bladder's location

Back 72

Tucked underneath the liver

Front 73

Gall bladder's function

Back 73

acts as a reservoir for bile

Front 74

Bile travels:

Back 74

through the cystic duct to the common hepatic duct.

Front 75

goes from the common hepatic duct to the pancreas

Back 75

Common bile duct

Front 76

About the gall bladder's head and tail

Back 76

Head – butts into the second portion of the duodenum.
Tail – fits into the second part of the duodenum.

Front 77

a duct running along the length of the gall bladder, which ends at the head and has an opening into the duodenum

Back 77

Pancreatic duct

Front 78

an extra opening which only some people have.

Back 78

Accessory pancreatic duct

Front 79

Pancreus's medical term

Back 79

racemose - looks like grapes

Front 80

means easily crumbled, in reference to the liver. Medically means it is very easily torn apart, lacerated or ruptured.

Back 80

Friable

Front 81

Other crap about the lifer

Back 81

charged with blood, can re-grow itself

Front 82

Result of acute alcoholism

Back 82

Cirrhosis

Front 83

A space behind the peritoneum within which are certain structures, which are therefore not included within the peritoneum.

Back 83

Retroperitoneum

Front 84

Things not included in the peritoneum

Back 84

kidneys, duodenum, pancreas

Front 85

The extension of peritoneum, which wraps around the small intestines and attaches them to the posterior abdominal wall

Back 85

Mesentary

Front 86

type of intestinal blockage. Very dangerous.

Back 86

Intussusception

Front 87

Spontaneous, in a medical sense. Without any discernable cause.

Back 87

Idiopathic

Front 88

The large vein, which transports used blood plus dissolved nutrients from the intestines to the liver

Back 88

Portal vein aka hepatic portal vein

Front 89

Route of blood leaving the intestines

Back 89

deoxygenated blood that is full of nutrients > portal vein > liver (which detoxifies the blood) > inferior vena cava