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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the various methods of birth control options available?
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abstinence
coitus interruptus spermicides barrier methods male and female condoms diaphragm cervical cap vaginal sponge IUDs hormones vasectomy tubal ligation |
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Risk factors for coitus interruptus?
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Male may not have enough self-control. Some preejaculatory fluid containing sperm may escape penis prior to ejaculation.
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True or false? Douching after intercourse is an effective method of contraception?
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False
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Risk factors for spermicides with main N-9?
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Does not offer protection against organisms that cause gonorrhea and chlamydia, or HIV.
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Risk factors for female barrier methods?
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toxic shock syndrome
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Signs of toxic shock syndrome?
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high fever
sore throat vomiting diarrhea faintness weakness muscle aches rash |
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Risk factors for male condomes?
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misplacement
risk of breakage perineal or vaginal irritation dulled sensation |
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Risk factors for vaginal sponge?
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allergic reactions
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Define coitus interruptus?
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withdrawal of male from female before ejaculation
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Define spermicides?
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creams
jellies foams vaginal film suppositories inserted into vagina before intercourse destroy sperm or neutralize vaginal secretions |
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Define barrier methods of contraception?
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prevent transport of sperm to ovum, immobilize sperm, or are lethal against them; used in conjunction with spermicides
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True or False? A male condom can be used with a female condom?
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False
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Define Reality female condom?
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a thin polyurethane sheath with a flexible ring at each end; available OTC; one time use; insert 8 hrs before intercourse
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Define diaphragm?
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barrier method consisting of a steel band that forms a ring and is covered with rubber
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Define cervical cap?
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cup-shaped device, used with spermicidal cream or jelly, that fits snugly over cervix and held in place by suction and by positive abdominal pressure
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________ use does not eliminate the risk of HIV transmission. It's effectiveness is lower than that for _________
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Condom
contraception |
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Combined oral contraceptives ("the pill") are taken for
_____days. |
21
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In the _______ start, the woman begins taking the pillon the first day of her _____ _______. This method
prevents _______ in the first cycle, so no backup method of contraception is needed. |
Day 1
menstrual cycle ovulation |
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When taking the pill, the Sunday Start begins on the Sunday after the first day of the _______cycle and ends on a _______. In most cases, menses will occur ____ to ____ days after last pill is taken. This tends to prevent periods on weekends. However, a ________ method of contraception is necessary during the first month of use.
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menstrual
Saturday 1 4 backup |
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A major difference between the day-one start and Sunday start birth control pill method is that no ______ is needed for the Day-one start.
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backup
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With either the day-one start or the Sunday start pill method, ____ ____ after taking the last pill, the woman _______ the next cycle of pills.
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7 days
restarts |
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Some drug companies offer a ________ _____ pack with
_____ "blank" pills so that the woman never stops taking the pill |
28 day
7 |
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Take "the pill" at the same time each day, morning or evening. True or false?
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true
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What is one of the major causes of breakthrough bleeding? It is a side effect that leads many women to discontinue COC's.
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irregular pill taking
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Improper pill taking accounts for a _______ of unintended pregnancies in the US each year.
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one-third
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The estrogen dose in the pill may increase risks for?
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thromboemoblic disorders
(blood clots) stroke |
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ABSOLUTE contraindications (don't use at all!)to the use of oral contraceptives include?
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pregnancy
previous history of thrombo- phlebitis or thromboembolic disease acute or chronic liver disease of cholestatic type with abnormal function presence of estrogen dependent carcinomas undiagnosed uterine bleeding, heavy smoking gallbladder disease hypertension diabetes hyperlipidemia |
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Women may initiate use of oral contraceptives, but require close monitoring if these conditions exist?
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migraine headaches
epilepsy depression oligomenorrhea amenorrhea |
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Noncontraceptive uses for the pill include?
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relief of uncomfortable
menstrual symptoms: cramps diminish flow decreases regular cycle resumes Mittelschmerz eliminated ovarian cysts decrease substantial reduction in incidence of ectopic pregnancy, PID, ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, colorectal cancer, iron deficiency anemia, benign breast disease |
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Women over 35 who smoke should completely avoid oral contraceptives due to risk of _____.
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myocardial infarction
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The following symptoms should prompt a woman to notify her physician if she is taking oral contraceptives?
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depression
breast lump development jaundice severe abdominal pain severe chest pain shortness of breath severe headaches dizziness changes in vision speech problems severe leg pain |
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The contraceptive skin patch (Ortho Evra, square silver dollar, very safe and effective) can be applied weekly for 3 weeks on these four sites?
During the fourth week, no patch is applied and _____ occurs. Best if used by women under ______. (Use the Sunday-start or one day start) |
abdomen
buttocks upper outer arm trunk (excluding breasts) menses 200 pounds |
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What is the level of dose of the NuvaRing vaginal contraceptive ring?
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low dose, sustained-release combined hormonal contraceptive
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What does the NuvaRing vaginal contraceptive ring look like?
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a flexible, soft vaginal ring with is inserted monthly
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How is the NuvaRing vaginal contraceptive ring used?
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left in place for 21 days and then removed for 7 days
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What is the Lunelle contraceptive injection?
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an IM injection administered every 28 to 30 days, with side effects same as oral contraceptives
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What are 3 most common progesterone-only contraceptives?
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Norplant
DMPA minipill |
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What are subdermal implants (Norplant)?
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Silastic capsules containing
progestin implanted in woman's arm effective for up to 5 years six rods are implanted |
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How does Norplant work?
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prevents ovulation in most
women stimulates production of thick cervical mucus which inhibits sperm penetration removed from act of coitus |
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Possible side effects of Norplant?
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spotting
irregular bleeding or amenorrhea increased incidence of ovarian cysts weight gain headaches fluid retention acne hair loss mood changes depression |
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What are cosmetic considerations of Norplant?
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implant may be visible, esp
woman is slender requires minor surgical procedure to insert and remove implants |
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What is Depo-Provera (also called DMPA)?
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long-acting progestin
provides effective birth control for 3 months inexpensive, safe, convenient separates birth control from act of coitus nursing mothers may use because contains no estrogen |
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Method of action for Depo-Provera (DMPA)?
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*provides progesterone levels high enough to block LH surge, which suppresses ovulation
*also thickens cervical mucus to block sperm penetration |
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Side effects of DMPA Depo-Provera?
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menstrual irregularities
headache weight gain breast tenderness depression return of fertility may be delayed for an average of 9 months |
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Side effects associated with oral contraceptives are _______ and ________ related?
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estrogen
progestin |
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Side effects associated with estrogen related oral contraceptives?
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alterations in lipid
metabolism breast tenderness, engorgement, increased breast size CVA changes in carbohydrate metabolism chloasma fluid retention, cylic weight gain headache hepatic adenomas hypertension leukorrhea cervical erosion ectopia nausea nervousness irritability telangiectasia thromboembolic complications- thrombophlebitis, pulmonary embolism |
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Side effects associated with progestin related oral
contraceptives? |
acne
oily skin breast tenderness increased breast size decreased libido decreased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels depression fatigue hirsutism increased appetite weight gain increased low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels oligomenorrhea, amenorrhea pruritus sebaceous cysts |