Medex Yakima Wbc Disorders Pathology Iii

Front 1

leukemia definition

Back 1

primarily involves bone marrow spillage of neoplastic cells into blood

Front 2

leukemia:
clinical signs

Back 2

-fatigue, fever, bleeding, epistaxis, thrombocytopenia
-lymphadenopathy
-splenomegaly
-hepatomegaly

Front 3

lymphomas

Back 3

Tumors that produce masses in involved lymph nodes or other tissues

Front 4

lymphomas:
2 types

Back 4

Hodgkin lymphoma

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Front 5

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Back 5

 Present in a particular tissue, but tumor usually wide-spread at time of dx

 Most common in adults derived from germinal B cells
o Most common lymphoma are derived from follicular center or post-follicular B cells

Front 6

Hodgkin lymphoma

Back 6

 Presence of distinctive neoplastic Reed-Steinberg giant cells

 Often present in single site and spreads in predictable fashion to contiguous lymph nodes

Front 7

Plasma cell dyscrasias:
describe:

Back 7

Plasma cell dyscrasias:
o Bone Pain
o Re-current infections
o Hyperviscosity syndrome
o Renal insufficiency
o Present within the bones as discrete masses and cause systemic symptoms related to production of complete or partial monoclonal immunoglobin.
Some lymphomas/plasma cell tumors spill over into the peripheral blood…creating leukemia like tendencies.

Front 8

lymphoid neoplasms
where do they come from

Back 8

transformed B cells and T cells.

Front 9

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)

Back 9

-fatigueability, weight loss, and anorexia
-“apoptosis trigger” is gone.
-Hypogammaglobulinemia in 50% Pts
-

Front 10

Multiple myeloma

Back 10

-Clone of a B-Cell that differentiates into plasma cells
-By far the most common of the plasma cell dyscrasias.
-- Peak age of incidence is 50-60 yo.
- Bone pain, hypercalcemia which causes neurologic deficits such as
confusion and lethargy, Anemia
-Recurrent infections
-Possibility of hyperviscosity syndrome

Front 11

Hodgkin lymphoma
-what kind of cells?
-What is the alternate name?
-Presentation?

Back 11

Hodgkin lymphoma
-Giant neoplastic cells
-called Reed-Sternberg Cells
- Usually present with painless enlargement of the lymph nodes.

Front 12

Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)

Back 12

-marrow failure due to replacement of normal marrow by leukemic
blasts
- Fatigue, Pallor, abnormal bleeding, and infections.

Front 13

Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)

Back 13

PHILADELPHIA CHROMOSOME

- Presents in adults between ages 25 and 60 most often.  Peak incidence in 4th and 5th decades of life
                                   
-Accounts for 1-5-20% of all leukemias
-BCR-ABL (9-22 translocation)

Front 14

Ann Arbor stage I

Back 14

Involvement of a single lymph-node

Front 15

Ann Arbor stage II

Back 15

Involvement of 2 or more lymph nodes on the same side of the diaphragm

Front 16

Ann Arbor stage III

Back 16

Involvement of lymph-nodes on both
sides of the diaphragm.

Front 17

Ann Arbor stage 4

Back 17

Involvement of any extra-lymphatic
organs or bone marrow, with or without lymph-node involvement

Front 18

Ann Arbor #B. symptoms

Back 18

Significant fever,
night sweats,
unexplained 10%+ loss of body weight.

Front 19

Hodgkin

Clinical differences between Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Back 19

localized to a single nodale group (Cervical, mediastinal, para-aortic)
-Orderly spread by contiguity
-Mesenteric nodes and Waldeyer ring rarely involved.
-Extranodal involvement Uncommon

Front 20

Non-Hodgkin

Back 20

-frequent involvement of multiple peripheral lymph-nodes
-Non-contiguous spread
-Mesenteric nodes and Waldeyer ring commonly involved.
-Extranodal involvement Common