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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
fibrous conn. tissue that covers, supports, and separates muscles
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Fascia
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connects bone to muscle
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Tendon
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flat fibrous conn. tissue, similar to tendon but can also attach to tissues
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Aponeurosis
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Approx. how many muscles in human body and what percent of body weight do they make up?
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600, 40-45%
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TISSUE: striated, voluntary
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Skeletal
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TISSUE: a.k.a. myocardial muscle, striated, involuntary
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Cardiac
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TISSUE: unstriated, involuntary, walls of internal organs, control fluid flow, can be referred to as visceral muscle
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Smooth
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study of muscular activity or movement
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Kinesiology
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muscles working opposite to each other and change shape
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Antagonistic
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tightens and become shorter and thicker, belly enlarges
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Contraction
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longer and thinner, belly isn't enlarged
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Relaxation
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(tonus) normal state of balanced muscle tension
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Muscle Tone
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stimulation of a muscle by a motor nerve impulse, contracts
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Muscle Innervation
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when Nervous and Muscular Systems interact
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Neuromuscular
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change of joint position produced by muscle movement
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Range of Motion (ROM)
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moving away from midline
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Abduction
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moving towards midline
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Adduction
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rotating arm so palm of hand is upward
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Supination
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rotating arm so palm of hand is downward
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Pronation
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decreasing the angle between two bones, bending a limb at a joint
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Flexion
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increasing the angle between two bones, straightening a limb
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Extension
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going beyond the normal limit
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Hyperextension
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raising a body part
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Elevator or levator
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lowering a body part
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Depression
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circular movement around an axis
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Rotation
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circular movement of a limb at the far end
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Circumduction
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bends the foot upward at the ankle
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Dorsiflexion
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bends the foot downward, pertaining to sole of foot
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Plantar flexion
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flexor
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Action
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lateralis, medialis, external
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Location
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oblique, transvere, rectus, sphincter
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Fiber direction
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maximus, minimus
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Size
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Biceps, Triceps...
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Number of Divisions
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2 points of attachment
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Origin and Insertion
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imflammation of the covering of the muscle
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Faciitis
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tenodynia or pain in the tendon
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Tenalgia
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inflammation of tendon due to overuse
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Tendonitis
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abnormal band of fibrous tissue
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Adhesion
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weakness and wasting away of muscles
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Atrophy
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degeneration of muscle tissue
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Myolysis
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rupture of muscle
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Myorrhexis
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inflammation of muscle tissue
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Myositis
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chronic progressive diesease
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polymyositis
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protrusion of a part through the tissues
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Hernia
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protrusion of a muscle thru its fascia
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myocele (cele-hernia)
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w/o tone
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Atonic
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abnormal tone
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Dystonia
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excessive tone w/ increased resistence of muscle to passive stretching
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Hypertonia
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excessive tone w/ decreased resistence of muscle
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Hypotonia
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delayed relaxation of a muscle after a strong contraction
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Myotonia
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inability to coord. muscles to carry out a vol. movement
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Ataxia
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partial ataxia, abnormal, diff. in controling
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Dystaxia
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abnormal shortening of muscle tissue; resistant to stretch
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Contracture
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complex of symp. caused by poor circ. and may indicate larger circ. problems
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Intermittent claudication
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sudden, violent invol. contraction
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Spasm
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wryneck, stiff neck due to contrac. pulling head to the side
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Spasmodic torticollis
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slowness in movement
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bradykinesia
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impairment of movement (vol.)
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Dyskinesia
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overdrive, extra fast movement
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Hyperkinesia
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decreased motor activity
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Hypokinesia
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