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67 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Vocabulary:
A pair of exocrine glands near the male urethra. The secrete fluid into the urethra. Also called Cowper glands. |
Vocabulary:
bulbourethral glands |
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Vocabulary:
Ejection of sperm and fluid from the male urethra |
Vocabulary:
ejaculation |
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Vocabulary:
Tube through which semen enters the male urethra. |
Vocabulary:
ejaculatory duct |
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Vocabulary:
One of a pair of long, tightly coiled tubes on top of each testis. It carries sperm from the seminiferous tubules to the vas deferens. |
Vocabulary:
epididymis (plural: epididymides) |
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Vocabulary:
Inability of an adult male to achieve an erection; impotence. |
Vocabulary:
erectile dysfunction |
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Vocabulary:
Hair-like projection on a sperm cell that makes it motile (able to move). |
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flagellum |
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Vocabulary:
Two infants born of the same pregnancy from two separate egg cells fertilized by two different sperm cells. |
Vocabulary:
fraternal twins |
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Sensitive tip of the penis. |
Vocabulary:
glans penis |
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Vocabulary:
Two infants resulting from division of one fertilized egg into two distinct embryos. |
Vocabulary:
identical twins |
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Vocabulary:
The essential distinctive cells of an organ. |
Vocabulary:
parenchyma |
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Vocabulary:
Male external organ of reproduction. |
Vocabulary:
penis |
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Vocabulary:
External region between the anus and scrotum in the male. |
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perineum |
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Vocabulary:
Foreskin; fold of skin covering the tip of the penis. |
Vocabulary:
prepuce |
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Vocabulary:
Exocrine gland at the base of the male urinary bladder. It secretes the fluid part of semen into the urethra during ejaculation. |
Vocabulary:
prostate gland |
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Vocabulary:
External sac that contains the testes. |
Vocabulary:
scrotum |
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Vocabulary:
Spermatozoa (sperm cells) and seminal fluid (prostatic and seminal vesicle secretions). |
Vocabulary:
semen |
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Vocabulary:
Paired sac-like male exocrine glands that secrete fluid (a major component of semen) into the vas deferens. |
Vocabulary:
seminal vesicles |
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Vocabulary:
Narrow, coiled tubules that produce sperm in the testes. |
Vocabulary:
seminiferous tubules |
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Vocabulary:
Sperm cell. |
Vocabulary:
spermatozoon (plural: spermatozoa) |
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Vocabulary:
Procedure that removes an individual's ability to produce or release reproductive cells. |
Vocabulary:
sterilization |
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Vocabulary:
Supportive, connective tissue of an organ, as distinguished from its parenchyma. |
Vocabulary:
stroma |
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Vocabulary:
Male gonad (testicle) that produces spermatozoa and the hormone testosterone. |
Vocabulary:
testis (plural: testes) |
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Vocabulary:
Hormone secreted by the interstitial tissue of the testes; responsible for male sex characteristics. |
Vocabulary:
testosterone |
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Vocabulary:
Narrow tube (one on each side) that carries sperm from the epididymis into the body and toward the urethra. |
Vocabulary:
vas deferens (or ductus deferens) |
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Combining Forms:
andr/o |
Combining Forms:
male |
andr/o/gen
Testosterone is an androgen. The testes in males and the adrenal glands in both men and women produce androgens. |
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Combining Forms:
balan/o |
Combining Forms:
penis, glans penis |
balan/itis
An inflammation usually caused by overgowth of organisms (bacteria and yeast) |
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Combining Forms:
cry/o |
Combining Forms:
cold |
cry/o/genic surgery
Technique for prostate cancer treatment using freezing temperatures to destroy cancer cells |
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Combining Forms:
crypt/o |
Combining Forms:
hidden |
crypt/orchid/ism
In this congenital condition, one or both testicles do not descend, by the time of birth, into the scrotal sac from the abdominal cavity |
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Combining Forms:
epididym/o |
Combining Forms:
epididymis |
epididym/itis
This is an inflammation usually caused by bacteria. Symptoms are fever, chills, pain in the groin, and tender, swollen epididymis |
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Combining Forms:
gon/o |
Combining Forms:
seed |
Gon/o/rrhea
The ancient Greeks mistakenly thought that this discharge was a leakage of semen, so they named the condition gonorrhea, meaning discharge of seed. |
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Combining Forms:
hydr/o |
Combining Forms:
water, fluid |
hydr/o/cele
Sac of clear fluid in the scrotum |
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Combining Forms:
orch/o, orchi/o, orchid/o |
Combining Forms:
testis, testicle (3 combining forms) |
orchi/ectomy
Castration in males. (also called orchidectomy) |
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Combining Forms:
pen/o |
Combining Forms:
penis |
pen/ile
pertaining to the penis |
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Combining Forms:
prostat/o |
Combining Forms:
prostate gland |
prostat/itis
Bacterial (E. coli) prostatitis often is associated with urethritis and infection of the lower urinary tract. prostat/ectomy removal of the prostate |
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Combining Forms:
semin/i |
Combining Forms:
semen, seed |
semin/i/ferous tubules
The suffix -ferous means pertaining to bearing, or bearing or carrying |
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Combining Forms:
sperm/o, spermat/o |
Combining Forms:
spermatozoa, semen (two combining forms) |
sperm/o/lytic
Noun suffixes ending in -sis, like -lysis, form adjectives by dropping the -sis and adding -tic a/sperm/ia Lack of formation or ejaculation of semen (sperm and fluid) |
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Combining Forms:
terat/o |
Combining Forms:
monster (greek) |
terat/oma
Usually a benign tumor occurring in the testes or ovaries composed of different types of tissue, such as bone, hair, cartilage, and skin cells. Some forms of teratoma are malignant. |
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Combining Forms:
test/o |
Combining Forms:
testis, testicle |
test/icular
The term testis originates from a Latin term meaning witness. In ancient times men would take an oath with one hand on their testes, swearing by their manhood to tell the truth. |
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Combining Forms:
varic/o |
Combining Forms:
varicose veins |
varic/o/cele
A collection of varicose (swollen, twisted) veins above the testis. |
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Combining Forms:
vas/o |
Combining Forms:
vessel, duct; vas deferns |
vas/ectomy
in this term, vas/o refers to the vas deferens, and not to any other vessel or duct |
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Combining Forms:
zo/o |
Combining Forms:
animal life |
a/zo/o/sperm/ia
Lack of spermatozoa in the semen. Causes include testicular dysfunction, chemotherapy, blockage of the epididymis, and vasectomy |
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Suffixes:
-genesis |
Suffixes:
formation |
spermat/o/genesis
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Suffixes:
-one |
Suffixes:
hormone |
test/o/ster/one
Ster/o indicates that this is a type of steroid compound. Examples of other steroids are estrogen, cortisol, and progesterone |
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Suffixes:
-pexy |
Suffixes:
fixation, put in place |
orchi/o/pexy
A surgical procedure to correct cryptorchidism (hidden testicle, undescended testicle) |
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Suffixes:
-stomy |
Suffixes:
new opening |
vas/o/vas/o/stomy
reversal of a vasectomy; a urologist rejoins the cut ends of the vas deferens |
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Pathology:
Malignant tumor of the testicles. |
Pathology:
carcinoma of the testes (testicular cancer) |
Can be treated and cured with surgery (orchiectomy), radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Serum levels of proteins hCG and alphafetoprotein are used as tumor markers to determine success of treatment.
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Pathology:
Undescended testicles. |
Pathology:
cryptorchidism; cryptorchism |
Orchiopexy is performed to bring the testes into the scrotum, if they do not descend on their own by age of 1 or 2 years. Associated with high risk for sterility and increased risk for developing testicular cancer.
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Pathology:
Sac of clear fluid in the scrotum. |
Pathology:
hydrocele |
May be congenital or occur as a response to infection or tumors. Sac fluid is aspirated using a needle and syringe, or hydrocelectomy may be necessary.
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Pathology:
Twisting of the spermatic cord. |
Pathology:
testicular torsion |
Cuts off blood supply to the testis. Most common in first year of life and during puberty. Surgical correction within hours of onset of symptoms can save the testis.
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Pathology:
Enlarged, dilated veins near the testicle. |
Pathology:
varicocele |
Associated with oligospermia and azoospermia.
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Pathology:
Benign growth of cells within the prostate gland. |
Pathology:
benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) |
Common condition in men over 60. Treated by transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), also laser TURP or GreenLight PVP. Drug treatments include Finasteride (Proscar) and tamsulosin (Flomax)
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Pathology:
Malignant tumor of the prostate gland. |
Pathology:
carcinoma of the prostate (prostate cancer) |
Occurs in men over 50. Digital rectal examnination (DRE) can detect tumor at later stages; early detection depends on prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test. Treatments include prostatectomy, radiation therapy, hormonal chemotherapy, antiandrogen hormones slow tumor growth, leupron blocks pituitary stimulation.
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Pathology:
Congenital abnormality in which the male urethral opening is on the undersurface of the penis, instead of at its tip. |
Pathology:
hypospadias; hypospadia |
Occurs in 1 in every 300 live male births and can be surgically corrected.
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Pathology:
Narrowing (stricture) of the opening of the prepuce over the glans penis. |
Pathology:
phimosis |
(phim/o = muzzle) Treated with circumcision (removal of prepuce)
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STDs:
Bacterial invasion of the urethra and reproductive tract. Symptoms: men - burning sensation on urination, white or clear discharge from the penis; women - yellowish vaginal discharge, asymptomatic. |
STDs:
chlamydial infection |
Treated with antibiotics, can cause infertility in women if untreated.
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STDs:
Inflammation of the genital tract mucosa, caused by infection with gonococci. Symptoms: men - dysuria, yellow mucopurulent discharge; women - asymptomatic, pain, vaginal and urethral discharge, salpingitis. |
STDs:
gonorrhea |
Treated with antibiotics.
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STDs:
Infection of skin and genital mucosa, caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) most often type 2. Symptoms: reddening of skin, small fluid-filled blisters and ulcers. |
STDs:
herpes genitalis |
No known cure.
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STDs:
Infection of the skin and mucous membranes in the anogenital region by the human papillomavirus. Symptoms may include genital warts. |
STDs:
human papillomavirus (HPV) infection |
Vaccine available.
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STDs:
Chronic STD caused by a spirochete (spiral-shaped bacterium). Symptoms: early stages: chancre (hard ulcer or sore) on external genitalia; late stages: damage to brain, spinal cord, heart. |
STDs:
syphilis |
Treated with penicillin.
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Lab Tests:
Measurement of levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the blood. |
Lab Tests:
PSA test |
Elevated levels associated with enlargement of the prostate gland and may be a sign of prostate cancer.
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Lab Tests:
Microscopic examination of ejaculated fluid. |
Lab Tests:
semen analysis |
Sperm counts of less than 20 million/mL indicate sterility.
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Clinical Procedures:
Surgical excision of testicles or ovaries. |
Clinical Procedures:
castration |
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Clinical Procedures:
Surgical procedure to remove the prepuce of the penis. |
Clinical Procedures:
circumcision |
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Clinical Procedures:
Finger palpation through the anal canal and rectum to examine the prostate gland. |
Clinical Procedures:
digital rectal examination (DRE) |
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Clinical Procedures:
Removal of tissue to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) using a green light laser (laser TURP). |
Clinical Procedures:
photoselective vaporization of the prostate (GreenLight PVP) |
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Clinical Procedures:
Excision of benign prostatic hyperplasia using a resectoscope through the urethra. |
Clinical Procedures:
transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) |
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Clinical Procedures:
Bilateral surgical removal of part of the vas deferens. |
Clinical Procedures:
vascetomy |
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