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114 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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abscess
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collection of pus
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acetone
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ketone body produced in abnormal amounts in uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, where there are excessive fat breakdown in cells
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albuminuria
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protein in urine
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antidurectic hormone
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pituitary gland hormone that stimulates the kidney to decrease production of urine
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anuria
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surpression of urine formation by the kidney
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arteriole
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small artery
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azotemia
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excess of nitrogenous waste products in blood
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bacteriuria
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bacteria in urine
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bowman capsule
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enclosing surrounding each glomerulus in outer section of kidney
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caliceal
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pertaining to the calyx
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caliectasis
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dialation or widening of calyx
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clayx, calyces
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cup-shaped collecting region in renal pelvis
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catheter
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tube for injecting or removing fluid
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cortex
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outer region of an organ
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cortical
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pertaining to the cortex
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creatinine
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nitrogen containing waste product of muscle metabolism (excreted by the kidney in urine)
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creatinine clearance test
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measures rate at which creatinine is cleaned from blood by kidney
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cystectomy
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removal of urinary bladder
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cystitis
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inflammation of urinary bladder
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cystoscopy
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visual exam of urinary bladder
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cystostomy
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new opening of urinary bladder to outside of body
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diabetes insipidus
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abnormal condition of inadequate secreation of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
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diabetes mellitus
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abnormal condition of no insulin from the pancreas
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diuresis
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increased excreation of urine by kidneys
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dysuria
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painful urination
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edema
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abnormal accumulation of fluid in tissue spaces
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electrolyte
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chemical element that carries an electrical charge when dissolved in water
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enuresis
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bedwetting
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erythropoietin
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hormone secreted by kidney to stimulate red blood cell production by bone marrow
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essential hypertension
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high blood pressure due to no apparent cause
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filtration
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process by which some substances pass through a filter or other type of material
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glomerular
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pertaining to glomerulus
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glomerulonephritis
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inflammation of glomeruli
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glomerulus, glomeruli
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tiny ball of capillaries in the cortex of kidney
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glycosuria
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sugar in urine
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hematuria
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blood in urine
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hemodialysis
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removal of waste materials from patients blood whose kidneys have stopped functioning
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hilum
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depression or hollow surface of an organ, blood vessels and nerves enter and leave the organ
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hydronephrosis
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abnormal condition of excess backup of urine in kidney
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interstitial nephritis
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inflammation of tissue in the kidney that lies between the nephrons
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ketonuria
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presence of ketones in the urine
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ketosis
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accumulation of large quantities of ketone bodies in the blood
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kidney
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one of two bean-shaped organs behind the abnormal cavity on either side of backbone
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lithotripsy
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process of using high-energy sound waves to crush a stone within kidney
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meatal stenosis
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narrowing of meatus leading from the urethra to outside of body
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meatomy
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incision of a meatus in order to enlarge it
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meatus
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opening or passageway
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medulla
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inner region of an organ
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medullary
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pertaining to medulla
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micturition
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urination, voiding
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nephrolithiasis
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abnormal condition of kidney stones
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nephrolithotomy
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incision of kidney to remove a stone
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nephron
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functional unit of kidney
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nephropathy
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disease of kidney
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nephroptosis
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prolapse of kidney
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nephrosclerosis
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hardening of arteries in kidney
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nephrostomy
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opening of kidney to outside of body
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nephrotic syndrome
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group of symptoms that occur due to loss of protein in urine
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nitrogenous waste
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substance containing nitrogen and excreted in urine
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nocturia
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urinary frequency at night
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oliguria
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scanty urination
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paranephric
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pertaining to beside or near kidney
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peritoneal dialysis
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waste leaves the blood stream and enter fluid. separation of nitrogen waste from blood stream
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perivesical
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pertaining to surrounding the urinary bladder
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phenylketonuria
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excess of phenylketones in urine
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polycystic kidney disease
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kidneys filled with cysts that prevent normal function
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polydipsia
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excessive thirst
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polyuria
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excessive urination
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potassium
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chemical element that forms salt with other materials
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pyelogram
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xray record of kidney
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pyelonephritis
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inflammation of renal pelvis and kidney
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pyelolithotomy
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incision to remove stone from renal pelvis of kidney
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pyuria
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pus in urine
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reabsorption
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process in the kidney which by renal tubules return material back into the bloodstream
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renal angioplasty
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surgical repair of blood vessels in kidney
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renal angiography
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xray record of blood vessels of kidney
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renal artery
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blood vessel carries blood to kidney
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renal calculi
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kidney stones
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renal cell carcinoma
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malignant tumor of kidney
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renal colic
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pain from stones in urine or kidney
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renal failure
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failure of kidney to produce urine
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renal hypertension
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high blood pressure resulting from kidney disease
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renal pelvis
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central collecting chamber of kidney
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renal transplantation
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surgical transfer of kidney from donor to recipient
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renal tubule
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microscopic tube in kidney where urine is formed after filteration
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renal vein
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blood vessel that carries blood away from kidney and back toward the heart
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renin
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substance synthesized stored and secreted by the kidney to raise blood pressure
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retrograde pyelogram
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xray record of kidney, ureters and urinary bladder
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secondary hypertension
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high blood pressure caused by kidney disease and other disorders
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sodium
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chemical element necessary for cellular functioning
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stricture
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narrowing of tubular structure in the body
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trigone
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triangular area in the urinary bladder where the ureters enter and urethra exits
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trigonitis
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inflammation of trigone
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urea
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major waste material in urine
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uremia
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excessive amount of urea
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ureter
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tube leading from each kidney to urinary bladder
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ureteroileotomy
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new opening of ureters to an isolated portion of ileum that has been removed from normal location and connected to outside of body
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ureterolithotomy
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incision of ureter for removal of stone
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ureteronecystomy
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surgical transplantation of a ureter to a new site in urinary bladder
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urethra
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tube leading from urinary bladder outside the body
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urethral stricture
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narrowing of urethra
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urethritis
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inflammation of urethra
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urethroplasty
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surgical repair of urethra
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uric acid
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nitrogenous waste formed when proteins are used in cells
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urinary bladder
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hollow container with muscular walls that holds and stores urine until it's discharged from body
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urinary catherization
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passage of catheter into urinary bladder for drainage of urine
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urinary incontinance
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involuntary passage of urine
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urinary retention
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inability to pass urine
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urination
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process of expelling urine
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vesicoureteral reflux
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back flow of urinary bladder to ureters
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voiding
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urination
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voiding cystourethrogram
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xray record of urinary bladder and urethra
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Wilms tumor
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malignant neoplasm of kidney that occurs in childhood
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renal ischemia
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blood is held back from kidney
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