Med Term Test 2

Front 1

Three characteristics of a cell

Back 1

1. is the basic unit of living organism

2. carries out metabolism

3. provide nrg for metabolic rxns in the form of chemical ATP

Front 2

how do cells provide nrg for metabolic rxns?

Back 2

chemical atp

Front 3

what do cells carry out

Back 3

metabolism

Front 4

T or F

cells accomplish all activities and produce all compnents of the body

Back 4

T

Front 5

include enzymes, some hormones and structural materials

Back 5

proteins

Front 6

include sugars and starches

Back 6

carbohydrate

Front 7

what is the main carbohydrate

what does it do

Back 7

sugar, glucose

circulate in the blood yo provide nrg for cells

Front 8

include fats

Back 8

lipids

Front 9

T or F some hormones are derived from lipids

Back 9

T

Front 10

What does adipose fat tissue store

Back 10

lipids

Front 11

which part of the cell is composed mostly of lipids and proteins

is the outer layer of the cell

Back 11

plasma membrane

Front 12

short extensions of the cell membranee. Absorb materials into the cell

Back 12

microvilli

Front 13

near the cent of the cell, composed of DNA and protein. Contains the chromosomes and hereditary info

Back 13

nucleus

Front 14

the nucleus in composed of ____ and ____

where the nucleolus is composed of what?

Back 14

nucleus is composed of DNA and proteins

nucleolus is composed of rna, dna and proteins

Front 15

Wha makes ribosomes

Back 15

nucleolus

Front 16

fills the plasma membrane, is the site of cellular activities
consists of cytosol and organelles

Back 16

cytoplams

Front 17

The cytoplasm is made of the ____ and _____

Back 17

cytosol, organelles

Front 18

Surrounds organelles

is the fluid portion of the cytoplams

Back 18

cytosol

Front 19

has ribososmes attatched to it

Back 19

rough er ONLY

Front 20

sorts proteins and forms more complex compounds

Back 20

rouch ER

Front 21

involved in lipid syntheses

Back 21

smooth ER

Front 22

network of membranes within the cytoplams

Back 22

ER

Front 23

manufacture proteins

Back 23

ribosomes

Front 24

can be free in the cytoplasm or attatched to the ER

Back 24

ribosomes

Front 25

ribosomes are composed of ____ and ____

Back 25

RNA and protein

Front 26

convert nrg from nutrients into ATP,

has a folded mmbrn inside

Back 26

mitochondria

Front 27

layers of membranes; makes compounds containing proteins, sorts and prepres compounds for transport

Back 27

golgi apparatus

Front 28

small sacs of digestive enzymes

Back 28

lysosomes

Front 29

membrane enclosed orgnanelles containing enzymes , break down harmful substances

Back 29

peroxisomes

Front 30

small sacs in the cytoplasm, store/move materials into or our of the cell (in bulk)

Back 30

vesicles

Front 31

(usually 2) rod shapped bodies near the nucleus, help seperate the chromosome during cell division

Back 31

centrioles

Front 32

move fluids around cell, short hairlike structurees

Back 32

cilia

Front 33

moves the cell, long whip like extension from the cell

Back 33

flagellum

Front 34

(usually 2) rod shapped bodies near the nucleus, help seperate the chromosome during cell division

Back 34

centrioles

Front 35

move fluids around cell, short hairlike structurees

Back 35

cilia

Front 36

moves the cell, long whip like extension from the cell

Back 36

flagellum

Front 37

the control region of the cell

Back 37

nucleus

Front 38

contains chromosomes

Back 38

nucleus

Front 39

carrys genetic info

Back 39

chromosomes

Front 40

human cells contain __ chromosomes except for the ___ cells

Back 40

46, sex

Front 41

Dna is organized into seperate units called____

Back 41

genes

Front 42

the process in which lysosomes recycle cellular structures

Back 42

autophagy

Front 43

digesting a cell

Back 43

autolysis

Front 44

T or F. autolysis is a normal part of development

Back 44

T

Front 45

if u control which 3 things it is useful for patients especially with dibetes and it helps control a lot of other things

Back 45

proteins, carbs, lipids

Front 46

what is insulin

Back 46

a hormone

Front 47

seperate units of DNA

Back 47

genes

Front 48

control the formation of enzymes (needed for metabolism)

Back 48

genes

Front 49

catalysts needed for metabolic rxns

Back 49

enzymes

Front 50

body cells divide by the process of _____

Back 50

mitosis

Front 51

During____ the chromosomes are doubles and _ daughter cells are made

Back 51

mitosis,

2

Front 52

when a cell is not dividing, what stage does it remain in?

Back 52

interphase

Front 53

Sex cells divide by a process called

Back 53

meosis

Front 54

What happens to the chromosomes and daughter cells in mitosis ? what about meoisis

Back 54

mitosis=chrom double--> 2 daughter cells

meoisis=chrom are halved

Front 55

What phasrs are part of mitosis

interphases, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase?

Back 55

prophase, meta phase, anaphase, telophase

Front 56

During which phase are chromosomes seperated?


interphases, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase?

Back 56

anaphase

Front 57

during which phase does the plasma membran divide?

Back 57

temlphase

Front 58

What are th 4 types of tissues cells are organized into?

Back 58

epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous

Front 59

which tissue covers and protects body structures, lines organs

Back 59

epithelial

Front 60

which tissue
simple single layer of the skin, functions to absorb substances from 1 system to another

Back 60

epithelial

Front 61

which tissue

stratified, multiple layers; protects deeper tossie

Back 61

epithelial

Front 62

which tissue

supports and binds body structures

Back 62

connective

Front 63

contains fibers and other non living material btwn cells

Back 63

connective

Front 64

which tissue

includes adipose, cartilage and bone

Back 64

connective

Front 65

which tissue

3 types of muscle tissue

Back 65

skeletal, cardiac, smooth/ visceral

Front 66

which tissue

contracts to produce movement

Back 66

muscle

Front 67

Which muscle tissue is voluntary? Which is involuntary

Back 67

vol=

skeletal,

Invol=

cardiac, smooth. visceral

Front 68

which tissue

makes uo the brain, spinal chords and nerves?

Back 68

nervous tissue

Front 69

which tissue

coordinates and controls body responses by the transmission of electrial impulses

Back 69

nervous

Front 70

basic cell in the nervous tissue

Back 70

neruron or nerve cell

Front 71

what cna smoking do to tissues?

Back 71

cause tissues to change to another type

Front 72

the simplest tissues are ____

Back 72

membranes

Front 73

3 types of membranse

Back 73

mucous
serous
fibrous

Front 74

What is the role of mucus membranse

Back 74

secrete mucus

Front 75

what is the role of serious membrane?

what organs does it include

Back 75

secrete watery fluid, line body cavities, cover organs

(such as the organs around the heart and lungs)

Front 76

What is the role of fibrous membranes?

Back 76

cover and support organs around the bones, brain and spinal chord

Front 77

which membrane deals with heart and lung organse

Back 77

serious

Front 78

which membrane deals with bones, brain and the spinal chorid

Back 78

fibrous

Front 79

what type of membran is big pharmaceutically?

Back 79

mucous

Front 80

the study of tissues

Back 80

histology

Front 81

tissues are arranged into

Back 81

organs

Front 82

is comprised of tissues

Back 82

organs

Front 83

is grouped into systems (according to function)

Back 83

organs

Front 84

have a specific function

Back 84

systems

Front 85

do systems work togehter or independantly

Back 85

they work together, nto independantly

Front 86

what is the goals of systmes

Back 86

to create homeostasis within the body

Front 87

what creates a change in homeostsis

Back 87

drugs

Front 88

a microscopic unit that combines with otjer ____ to form a tissue

Back 88

cells

Front 89

study of cells

Back 89

cytology

Front 90

simplests sugar that circulatesi n the blood

Back 90

glucose

Front 91

the sum of all physical and chemical rxns that occur within an orgms

Back 91

metabollism

Front 92

specialized structure in the cytoplasm

Back 92

organelle

Front 93

Roots for cells and tissues:

morpho

Back 93

form

Front 94

Roots for cells and tissues:

amorphous

Back 94

without form

Front 95

cyt/o, cyte

Back 95

cell

Front 96

cytogenesis

Back 96

formation of cells

Front 97

nucle/o

Back 97

nucleus

Front 98

nucleoplasm

Back 98

substance that gills the nucleus

Front 99

kary/o

Back 99

nuclueus

Front 100

karyotype

Back 100

picture of a cells chromosomes organized

Front 101

histo, histio

Back 101

tissue

Front 102

fibro

Back 102

fiber

Front 103

fibrosis

Back 103

abnormal formation of fibrous tissues

Front 104

reticul/o

Back 104

network

Front 105

reticulum

Back 105

a network

Front 106

adeno

Back 106

gland

Front 107

adenoma

Back 107

tumor of the gland

Front 108

Roots for cells and tissues:

morpho

Back 108

form

Front 109

Roots for cells and tissues:

amorphous

Back 109

without form

Front 110

cyt/o, cyte

Back 110

cell

Front 111

cytogenesis

Back 111

formation of cells

Front 112

nucle/o

Back 112

nucleus

Front 113

nucleoplasm

Back 113

substance that gills the nucleus

Front 114

kary/o

Back 114

nuclueus

Front 115

karyotype

Back 115

picture of a cells chromosomes organized

Front 116

histo, histio

Back 116

tissue

Front 117

fibro

Back 117

fiber

Front 118

ventral cavity above diaphram aka chest cavity

Back 118

thoracic

Front 119

reticul/o

Back 119

network

Front 120

reticulum

Back 120

a network

Front 121

adeno

Back 121

gland

Front 122

adenoma

Back 122

tumor of the gland

Front 123

papill/o

Back 123

nipple

Front 124

papilla

Back 124

projection that resembles a nipple

Front 125

myx/o

Back 125

mucous

Front 126

myxadenitis

Back 126

inflammation of a mucous secreting gland

Front 127

muc/o

Back 127

mucus, mucous membrane

Front 128

mucorrhea

Back 128

increased flow of mucus

Front 129

somat/o, -some

Back 129

body, small body

Front 130

chromosome

Back 130

small body that takes up color (dye)

Front 131

blast/o, -blast

Back 131

immature cell, productive cell, embryonic cell

Front 132

blastocyte

Back 132

an early embryonic cell

Front 133

gen

Back 133

origin, formation

Front 134

histogeneis

Back 134

organin or formation of tissues

Front 135

phag/o

Back 135

eat, ingest

Front 136

autophagy

Back 136

self destruction of organelles

Front 137

phil

Back 137

attract, absrob

Front 138

basophilic

Back 138

attracting basic statin

Front 139

plas

Back 139

formation, modling, development

Front 140

hypoplasia

Back 140

unerdevelipment of an organ/ tissue

Front 141

trop

Back 141

act on, affect

Front 142

chronotropic

Back 142

affecting rate or timing

Front 143

troph/o

Back 143

feesing, growth, nourishment

Front 144

hypertrophy

Back 144

overdevelopment of tissue

Front 145

suffix

-ase

Back 145

enzyme

Front 146

enzyme that digests fat lipids

Back 146

lipase

Front 147

suffix:

-ose

Back 147

sugar

Front 148

Roots:

hydr/o

Back 148

water, fluid

Front 149

attracting water

Back 149

hydrophillic

Front 150

Roots:

glyc/o

Back 150

sugar, glucose

Front 151

normoglycemia

Back 151

normal blood sugar level

Front 152

sacchar/o

Back 152

sugar

Front 153

amyl/o

Back 153

starch

Front 154

amyloid

Back 154

resembling starch

Front 155

lip/o

Back 155

lipid, fat

Front 156

lipogenesis

Back 156

formation of fat

Front 157

adip/o

Back 157

fat

Front 158

steat/o

Back 158

fatty

Front 159

steatirrhea

Back 159

discharge of fatty stools

Front 160

prote/o

Back 160

protein

Front 161

a fribrous tissue found in connective tissue

Back 161

collagen

Front 162

the outer region of an organ

Back 162

cortex

Front 163

sugar stored in live and muscles, broken down into glucose when needed for nrg

Back 163

glycogen

Front 164

the inner region of an organ

Back 164

medulla

(the inner region of an organ)

Front 165

the functional tissue of an organ

Back 165

parenchymal


the functional tissue of an organ

Front 166

pertaining to a wall, membrane that lines a body cavity

Back 166

parietal


pertaining to a wall, membrane that lines a body cavity

Front 167

the body

Back 167

soma

Front 168

pertaining to the internal organs, describes a membrane on the surface of an organ

Back 168

visceral

Front 169

Describe the characteristics of the anatomical position

beginning ______,
body ______,
facing ______,
arms ______
palms ______,
feet ______

Back 169

beginning reference point,
body upright,
facing front,
arms at side,
palms forwards,
feet parallel

Front 170

toward the front (belly) of the body

Back 170

anterior (ventral)

Front 171

toward the back of the body

Back 171

posterior (dorsal)

Front 172

another word for anterior

Back 172

ventral

Front 173

another word for posterior

Back 173

dorsal

Front 174

toward the midline of the body

Back 174

medial

Front 175

toward the side of the body

Back 175

lateral

Front 176

nearest to the point of attatchment of to the ref. point?

Back 176

proximal

Front 177

farthese from the point of attatchment of to the ref. point?

Back 177

distal

Front 178

above, higher position

Back 178

superior

Front 179

below, lower position

Back 179

inferior

Front 180

toward the lower end of the spine

This is an inferior direction in humans

cuda means "tail"

Back 180

caudal

Front 181

closer to the suraface of the body

Back 181

superficial (external)

Front 182

closer to the center of the body

Back 182

deep (internal

Front 183

aka coronal plane

Back 183

frontal plane

Front 184

which plane is made at right angle to the midline and divides the anterior and posterior parts?

Back 184

frontal (coronal) plane

Front 185

which plane passes from front to back and divices the body into the right and left portions

Back 185

sagital plane

Front 186

which plane passes through the midline

Back 186

medial plane

Front 187

Which plane passes horzontally, dividing the body into superior and inferior parts

Back 187

transverse plane

Front 188

transverse plane divides the body into which parts

Back 188

superior and inferior parts

Front 189

frontal plane divides the body into which parts

Back 189

anterior and posterior parts?

Front 190

in which cavities are internal organs located?

Back 190

dorsal and ventral cavities

Front 191

Which two cavities are located in the dorsal cavity

Back 191

cranial and spinal cavity

Front 192

Which cavities are located in the abdominopelvic cavity

Back 192

abdomino, pelvic

Front 193

where is the abdominopelvic vacity located

Back 193

ventral cavity

Front 194

what seperates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity

Back 194

diaphram

Front 195

there is no anatomical seperation between which to cavities

Back 195

abdominal, pelvic

Front 196

What makes up the ventral cavity

Back 196

thoracic cavity abdominalpelvic cavity (abdominal cavity, pelvic cavity)

Front 197

what are the names of the 3 main body cavities

Back 197

dorsal, abdominal pelvic, ventral

Front 198

What can be divided into 9 regions

Back 198

the abdominal regions

Front 199

What are the 9 regions of the abdomin

Back 199

Right hypochondriac region, epigastric region, left hypochondriac region, right lumbar region, umbilical region, left lumbar region, right illial (inguinal region), hypogastric region, left iliac

Front 200

What are the three abdominal regions down the midline

Back 200

epigastric
umbilical
hypogastric

Front 201

abdominal region that is located above the stomach

Back 201

epigastric

Front 202

abdominal region named for the umbilicus or naval

Back 202

umbilical

Front 203

abdominal region located below the stomach

Back 203

hypogastric

Front 204

which abdominal region is located near the ribs and catrilage of the ribs

Back 204

right and left hypochondriac

Front 205

which abdominal region is located near the small of the back/spine

Back 205

right and left lumbar

Front 206

which abdominal cavity is located near the bone of the hip with reference to the groin

Back 206

the right and left iliac

Front 207

what is another name for iliac

Back 207

inguinal

Front 208

What happens to the abdominal cavity is one is pregnant?

Back 208

everything pushes out

Front 209

what is another name for the small part of the back?

Back 209

lumbar

Front 210

decubitus position

Back 210

lying down

Front 211

dorsal recumbent position

Back 211

on back with legs bent and seperate, feet flat

Front 212

position used for gynocology

Back 212

dorsal recumbent

Front 213

cavity below diaphram and above pelvic cavity

Back 213

abdominal

Front 214

fowler postion

Back 214

on back, head of bed raised, knees elevated

Front 215

jacknife position

Back 215

on back, shoulders elevated, legs flexed and things at righ angle to abdomin

Front 216

Ventral cavity below the abdominal cavity

Back 216

pelvic

Front 217

knee chest position

Back 217

on knees and upper chest on table, arms crossed above head

Front 218

lg serous mmbrn that lines the abdominopeliv cavity and covers the organs w/in it

Back 218

peritoneum

Front 219

lying face up

Back 219

supine

Front 220

lying face down

Back 220

prone

Front 221

what cavity does the cranial cavity reside in

Back 221

dorsal cavity

Front 222

cepal/o

Back 222

head

Front 223

cervic/o

Back 223

neck

Front 224

thorac/o

Back 224

chest/thorax

Front 225

abdomin/o

Back 225

abdomen

Front 226

celi/o

Back 226

abdormen

Front 227

lumb/o

Back 227

lumbar region/lower back

Front 228

thoracolumbar

Back 228

pertaining to the chest and lumbar region

Front 229

periton.peritone/o

Back 229

peritoneum

Front 230

acro

Back 230

extremity, end

Front 231

acrocyanosis

Back 231

bluish discoloration of the extremities

Front 232

brachi/o

Back 232

arm

Front 233

antebrachium

Back 233

forearm

Front 234

dactyl/o

Back 234

finger/toe

Front 235

ped/o

Back 235

foot

Front 236

pod/o

Back 236

foot

Front 237

circum

Back 237

around

Front 238

peri

Back 238

around

Front 239

intra

Back 239

in, within

Front 240

epi

Back 240

on, over

Front 241

epithelium

Back 241

tissue that covers surfaces

Front 242

extra

Back 242

outside

Front 243

infra

Back 243

below

Front 244

sub

Back 244

below, under

Front 245

inter

Back 245

btwn

Front 246

juxta

Back 246

near, beside

Front 247

para

Back 247

near, beside

Front 248

retro

Back 248

behind, bachward

Front 249

supra

Back 249

above

Front 250

digit

Back 250

finger/toe

Front 251

epigastrium

Back 251

epigastric region

Front 252

base or body of a hollow organ, the area of an organ farthest from its opening

Back 252

fundus

Front 253

the hypochondriac region (left or right)

Back 253

hypochondrium

Front 254

central opening within a tube or hollow organ

Back 254

lumen

central opening within a tube or hollow organ

Front 255

passage or opening

Back 255

meatus

passage or oepning

Front 256

the opening of a cavity

Back 256

orfice

the opening of a cavity

Front 257

mouth, any body opening

Back 257

os

mouth, any body opening

Front 258

a wall dividing two cavities

Back 258

septum

a wall dividing two cavities

Front 259

a cavity within a bone

Back 259

sinus

a cavity within a bone

Front 260

a circular muscle that regulates an opening

Back 260

sphincter

a circular muscle that regulates an opening

Front 261

N2 containing compounds that make up protein

Back 261

amino acids

Front 262

metabolism in which body substances are made,

building phase metabolism

Back 262

anabolism

Front 263

Position used for

(obstetrics and gynecology 2)

Back 263

dorsal re cumbent

and

knee-chest

Front 264

Position used for

ease of breathing/drainage

Back 264

fowlers

Front 265

Position used for

introduce tube into urethra

Back 265

jack knife

Front 266

Position used for

obstetrics and gynecology AND flushing intestine

Back 266

knee-chest

Front 267

Position used for

gynecology and urological surgery

Back 267

lithotomy

Front 268

Position used for

kidney and unterine surgery, colon examination, enemas

Back 268

sims

Front 269

Position used for

pelvic/abdominal surgery, TX of shock

Back 269

trendelenberg

Front 270

microcephaly

Back 270

abnormal smallness of the head

Front 271

cervicofacial

Back 271

pertaining to neck and face

Front 272

intrathoracic

Back 272

within thorax (chest )

Front 273

intra abdominal

Back 273

within abdomin

Front 274

celiac

Back 274

pertaining to abdomen

Front 275

laparoscope

Back 275

instrument used for viwing peritoneal cavity thru abdominal wall

Front 276

thoraculumbar

Back 276

pertaining to chest and lumbar regions

Front 277

peritoneal

Back 277

pertaining to peritoneum

Front 278

circumoral

Back 278

around the mouth

Front 279

periorbital

Back 279

around the eye

Front 280

intravascular

Back 280

within the vessel

Front 281

extrathoracic

Back 281

outside throax

Front 282

infracostal

Back 282

below ribs (cost/o)

Front 283

interscapular

Back 283

btwn scapulare (shoulder blades)

Front 284

juxtaposition

Back 284

location near/beside another structure

Front 285

parasagittal

Back 285

near or beside a sagittal plane

Front 286

retouterine

Back 286

behind the uterus

Front 287

supratellar

Back 287

abover the patella

(knee cap)