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152 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Adenoids
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Collection of lymph tissue in the nasopharynx, also called the pharyngeal tonsils.
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Alveolus
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Air sac in the lung
(pl: alveoli)` |
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Apex of the lung
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Uppermost portion of the lung. The apex is the top, end or tip ofa structure.
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Base of the lung
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Lower portion of the lung.
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Bronchioles
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Smallest branches of the bronchi.
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Bronchus
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Branch of the trachea(windpipe) that is a passageway into the air spaces of the lung; bronchial tube
(pl:bronchi) |
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Carbon Dioxide
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CO2 - A gas produced by body cells when oxygen and food combine; exhaled through the lung.
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Cilia
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Thin hairs attached to the mucous membrane epithelium lining the respiratory tract. They clear bacteria and foreign substances from the lung.
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Diaphragm
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Muscle seperating the chest and the abdomen. It is the most important muscle for breathing.
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Epiglottis
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Lid like piece of cartilage that covers the larynx, preventing food from entering the larynx and trachea during swallowing.
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Expiration
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Breathing out (exhalation)
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Glottis
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Opening to the larynx
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Hilum (of lung)
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Midline region where thw bronchi, blood vessels, and nerves enter and exit the lungs
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Inspiration
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Breathing in (inhalation)
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Larynx
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Voice box
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Lobe
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Division of the lung
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Mediastinum
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Region between the lungs in the chest cavity. NIt contains the trachea, heart, aorta, esophagus and bronchial tubes.
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Oxygen
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O2 - Gas that passes into the bloodstream at the lungs and travels to all body cells.
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Palatine tonsil
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One of a pair of almond shaped masses of lymphoid tissue in the oropharynx.
(palentine means pertaing to the roof of the mouth) |
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Paranasal sinus
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One of the air cavities in the bones near the nose.
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Parietal pleura
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The outer fold of pleura lying closest to the ribs and wall of the thorasic cavity.
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Pharynx
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Throat; composed of the nasopharynx, oropharynx and laryngopharynx.
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Pleura
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Double-folded membrane surrounding each lung.
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Pleural cavity
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Space between the folds of the pleura.
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Pulmonary parenchyma
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The essential cells of the lung, those performing its main function; the air sacs (alveoli) and small bronchioles.
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Trachea
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Windpipe
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Visceral pleura
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The inner fold of the pleura lying closest to the lung tissue.
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Pathway of air
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Nose, Nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses, Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchi, Bronchioles, Alveoli, Lung capillaries (bloodstream)
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Asculation
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Listening to sounds withing the body.
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Percussion
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Tapping on a surface to determine the differences in the density of the underlying structure.
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Rales (crackles)
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Abnormal crackeling sounds heard during inspiration where there is fluid, blood or pus in the alveoli.
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Sputum
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Material expelled from the chest by coughing or clearing the throat.
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Stridor
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Strained, high-pitched, noisy sound made in inspiration; associated with obstruction of the larynx or trachea.
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Wheezes
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Continuous high-pitched whisteling sounds heard when air is forced through a narrow space during inspiration or expiratrion.
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Epistaxis
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Nosebleed
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Asthma
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Chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by airway obstruction caused by edema, bronchioconstriction and increased mucus production.
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Bronchiogenic carcinoma
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(Lung cancer) Cancerous tumors arising from a bronchus
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Chronic bronchitis
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Inflammation of the bronchi persisting over a long period of time. (COPD - chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)
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Atelectasis
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Incomplete expansion of the alveoli; collapsed, functionless, airless lung or portion of a lung. Caused by tumor or other obstruction of teh bronchus, or poor respiratory effort.
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Emphysema
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Hperinflation of air sacs with destruction of alveolar walls.
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Pneumonia
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Acute infalmmation and infection of alveoli, which fill with pus or products if the inflammatory reaction.
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Pulmonary abscess
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A large collection of pus (bacterial infection) in the lungs.
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Pulmonary edema
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Swelling and fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles.
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Pulmonary embolism
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(PE)
Clot (thrombus) or other material lodges in vessels of the lung. |
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Tuberculosis
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(TB)
Infectious disease. Lungs are usually involved, but any organ in the body can be affected. |
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Pleurisy
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Inflammation of the pleura.
(Pleuritis) |
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Pneumothorax
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Collection of air in the pleural space.
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Anthracosis
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Coal dust accumulation in the lungs.
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Asbestosis
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Asbestos particles accumulate in the lungs
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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(COPD) Chronic condition of persistant obstruction of air flow through bronchial tubes and lungs.
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Cor pulmonale
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Failure of the right side of the heart to pump a sufficient ammount of blood to the lungs b/c of underlying lung disease.
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Exudate
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Fluid, cells, or other substances (pus) thast slowly leave cells or capillaries through pores or small breaks in cell membrane.
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Hydrothorax
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Collection of fluid in the plural cavity.
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Palliative
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Relieving symptoms, but not curing the disease.
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Paroxysmal
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Pertaing to a sudden occurance, such as a spasm or seizure.
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Pulmonay infarction
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An area of necrotic tissue in the lung.
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Purulent
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Pertaing to pus.
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Rhonchi
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Coarse. loud railes caused by secretions in bronchial tubes.
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Sillicosis
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Silica or glass dust in the lungs.
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Chest x-ray
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Radiographic image of the thoracic cavity.
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Bronchioscopy
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Fiber-optic or rigid endoscope inserted into the bhronchial tubes for diagnosis, biopsy or collection of specimens.
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Endotrachial intubation
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Placement of a tube through the mouth into the pharynx, larynx and trachea to establish an airway.
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Laryngoscopy
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Visual examination of the voice box (larynx)
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Mediastinoscopy
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Endoscopic visual examination of the mediastinum.
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Pulmonary function tests
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(PFTs) Tests that measure the ventialtion mechanics of the lung (airway function, lung volume & capacity of the lungs to exchange o2 and co2 efficiently)
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Thoracentesis
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Surgical puncture to remove fluid from the pleural space.
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Thoracotomy
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Major surgical incision into the chest.
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Thorascopy
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Visual examination of the chest via small incisions and use of an endoscopy.
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Tracheostomy
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Creation of an opening into the trachea through the neck.
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ABGs
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arterial blood gases
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AFB
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acid fast bacillus (organism causing tuberculosos)
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ARDS
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adult(or acute) respiratory distress syndrome (a group of symptoms - tachypenia, dyspnea, tachycardia, hypoxemia, cyanosis - resulting in acute respiratory failure)
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Bronch
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Bronchoscopy
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COPD
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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CPAP
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Continuous positive airway pressure
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CPR
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cardiopulmonary resuscitation
(Airway opened Breathing restored Circulation restored) |
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CXR
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chest x-ray
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DOE
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Dyspnea on exertion
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LLL
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Left lower lobe (of lung)
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LUL
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Left upper lobe (of lung)
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PE
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Pulmonary embolism
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PFTs
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Pulmonary function tests
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RDS
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respiratory distress syndrome
(condition of the newborn marked by dyspnea and cyanosis & related to absence of surfactant, a substance thst permits normal expansion of lungs); also called hyaline membrane disease. |
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RLL
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right lower lobe (of lung)
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RUL
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right upper lobe (of lung)
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SOB
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shortness of breath
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TB
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tuberculosis
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URI
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upper respiratory infection
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adenoid/o
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adenoids
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alveol/o
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alveolus, small air sac. small sac
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bronch/o
bronchi/o |
bronchial tube
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bronchiol/o
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bronchiole
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capn/o
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carbon dioxide
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coni/o
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dust
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cyan/o
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blue
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epiglott/o
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epiglottis
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hydr/o
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water
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laryng/o
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larynx (voice box)
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lob/o
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lobe
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mediastin/o
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mediastinum
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nas/o
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nose
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or/o
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mouth
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orth/o
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straight
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ox/o
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oxygen
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pector/o
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chest
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pharyng/o
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pharynx (throat)
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phon/o
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voice, sound
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phren/o
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diphragm
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pleur/o
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pleura
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pneum/o
pneumon/o |
lung, air sac, gas
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pulmon/o
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lung
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py/o
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pus
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rhin/o
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nose
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sinus/o
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sinus
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spir/o
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to breath
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tel/o
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complete
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thorac/o
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chest
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tonsill/o
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tonsil
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trache/o
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trachea (windpipe)
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-algia
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pain
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-capnia
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carbon dioxide
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-centesis
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surgical puncture to remove fluid
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-dynia
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pain
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-ectasis
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stretching, dilation, expansion
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-ectomy
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removal, excision, resection
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-ema
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condition
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-lysis
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breakdown, seperate, destruction
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-osmia
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smell
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-phonia
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voice, sound
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-plasty
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surgical repair
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-pnea
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breathing
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-ptysis
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spitting
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-rrhea
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flow, discharge
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-scopy
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visual examination
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-sphyxia
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pulse
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-stenosis
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tightening, stricture
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-stomy
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new opening (to form a mouth)
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-thorax
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chest, pleural cavity
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-tomy
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process of cutting
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-trophy
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nourishment, development
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a-, an-
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no, not, without
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brady-
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slow
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dys-
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bad, painful, abnormal
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em-
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in
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eu-
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good, normal
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ex-
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out, away from
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hyper-
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above, excessive
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hypo-
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deficient, under, low, less than normal
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para-
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near, beside, abnormal, along side of
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per-
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through
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re-
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back, again, backward
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tachy-
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fast
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