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200 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Word Root
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the part of the word that is the core of the word. Ex: player (play is the word root). Arthritis (arthr, which means joint, is the word root). Hepatitis (hepat, which means liver, is the word root).
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Suffix
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the part of the word attached to the end of the word root to modify its meaning. Ex: player (er is the suffix). Hepatic (ic, which means pertaining to, is the suffix). Hepatitis (it is, which means inflammation, is the suffix).
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Prefix
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- the word part attached to the beginning of the word root to modify its meaning. Ex: Replay (re is the prefix). Subhepatic (sub, which means under, is the prefix). Intravenous (intra, which means within, is the prefix).
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Combining Vowel
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the word part, usually an o, used to ease pronunciation. Ex: osteoarthritis (o is the ? used between two word roots oste and arthr. Arthropathy (o is the ? used between the word root arthr and the suffix pathy. Subhepatic (the ? is not used between the prefix and word root.
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Combining Form
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a ? is a word root with the combining vowel attached, separated by a vertical slash. Ex: arthr/o, oste/o, ven/o.
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Arthr-
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Joint
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Hepat-
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Liver
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Ven-
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Vein
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Oste-
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bone
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Intra-
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within
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Sub-
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under
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-itis
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suffix meaning inflammation
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-ic
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pertaining to
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-ous
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pertaining to
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-pathy
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disease
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Aden/o
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prefix meaning gland
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cyt/o
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cell
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epitheli/o
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epithelium
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my/o
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prefix meaning muscle
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sarc/o
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flesh, connective tissue
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Aden/o
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gland
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cyt/o
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cell
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epitheli/o
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epithelium
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my/o
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muscle
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sarc/o
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flesh, connective tissue
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cancer/o
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cancer - a disease characterized by abnormal growth of new cells
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gno/o
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knowledge
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lei/o
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smooth
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rhabd/o
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rod shaped, striated
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chlor/o
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green
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chrom/o
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color
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erythr/o
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red
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xanth/o
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yellow
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dia-
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through, complete
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dys-
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painful, abnormal, difficult, labored
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meta
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after, beyond, change
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pro
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before
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=al, ie, ous
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pertaining to
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-gen
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substance or agent that produces or causes
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-oma
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tumor, swelling
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-oma
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tumor, swelling
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-plasia
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condition of formation, development, growth
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-sarcoma
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malignant tumor
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-stasis
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control, stop, standing
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adenocarcinoma
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cancerous tumor of glandular tissue
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Chloroma
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tumor of green color (malignant)
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fibrosarcoma
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malignant tumor composed of fibrous tissue
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rhabdomyoma
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tumor composed of striated muscle (benign)
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cytoid
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resembling cell
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dysplasia
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abnormal development
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neuroid
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resembling a nerve
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somatoplasm
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body substance
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carcinogen
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substance that causes cancer
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etiology
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study of causes (of disease)
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iatrology
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study of medicine
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metastasis
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beyond control (transfer of disease form one organ to another)
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prognosis
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state of before knowledge (prediction of the outcome of disease)
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xanthosis
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abnormal condition of yellowing (discoloration)
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carcinoma in situ
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cancer in the early stage before invading surrounding tissue
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exacerbation
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increase in severity of a disease or its symptoms
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idiopathic
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pertaining to disease of unkown origin
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radiation therapy
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treatment of cancer with radioactive substance, xray or radiation (also called radiation oncology and radiotherapy)
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CA
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carcinoma
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DX
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diagnosis
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Mets
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metastasis
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XRT
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radiation therapy
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anter/o
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front
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caud/o
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tail (downward)
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cephal/o
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head (upward)
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dors/o
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back
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Proxim/o
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near (the point of attachment of a body part)
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bi
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two
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uni-
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one
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-ad
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toward
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-ior
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pertaining to
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Anteroposterior
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pertaining to the front and the back
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3 planes of the body
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sagittal, coronal, transverse
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right hypochondriac, epigastric region, left hypochondriac, right lumbar, umbilical, left lumbar, right iliac, hypogastric, left iliac
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9 regions of the abdomen
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RUQ. LUQ, RLQ, LLQ
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4 Abdominopelvic Quadrants
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Epi-
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on, upon, over
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Intra-
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within
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sub-
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under, below
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trans
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through, across
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malacia
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softening
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phagia - this is wrong. phagia means eating
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surgical repair
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Rrhea
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flow, discharge
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dermatitis
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inflammation of the skin
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oncychocryptosis
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abnormal condition of a hidden nail (ingrown nail)
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onchomycosis
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abnormal conditioning of a fungus in the nails
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onchophagia
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eating the nails, nail biting
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seborrhea
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discharge of sebum (excessive)
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xeroderma
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dry skin
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abscess
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localized collection of puss
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candidiasis
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an infection of the skin, mouth (also called thrush), or vagina caused by the yeast type candida albicans
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Candida
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normally present in the mucous membranes; overgrowth causes infection
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esophageal candidias
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often seen in AIDS patients
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cellulitis
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inflammation of the skin and subcutaneous tissue caused by infection, leading to redness, sweeling, and fever.
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Eczema
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noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness, blisters, scabs, and itching.
Impetigo- superficial skin infection characterized by pustules and caused by either staphylococci or streptococci. |
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Psoriasis
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chronic skin condition producing red lesions covered with silvery scales.
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Scabies
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skin infection caused by the itch mite, characterized by papule eruptions that are caused by the female burrowing in the outer layer of the skin and laying eggs. This condition is accompanied by severe itching.
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Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
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SLE
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Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
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a chronic inflammatory disease involving the skin, joints, kidneys, and nervous system. This autoimmune disease is characterized by periods of remission and exacerbations. It may also affect other organs.
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tinea
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fungal infection of the skin. The fungi may infect keratin of the skin, hair, and nails. Infections are classified by body regions such as tinea capitis (scalp), tinea corporis (body), and tinea pedis (foot). Tinea in general is also called ringworm, and tinea pedis specifically is called athlete’s foot.
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urticaria
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an itching skin eruption composed of wheals of varying size and shape. It is usually related to an allergy (also called hives).
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debridement
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- removal of contaminated or dead tissue and foreign matter from an open wound.
Dermabrasion- procedure to remove skin scars with abrasive material, such as sandpaper. |
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dermabrasion
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procedure to remove skin scars with abrasive material, such as sandpaper.
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I&D "Incision and Drainage"
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surgical cut made to allow the free flow or withdrawal of fluids from a lesion, wound, or cavity.
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Necrosis
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abnormal condition of death (cells and tissues die bc of disease)
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Percutaneous
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pertaining to through the skin
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xanthoderma
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yellow skin aka jaundice
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cicatrix
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scar
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diaphoresis
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profuse sweating
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ecchymosis
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escape of blood into the tissues causing superficial discoloration; a "black and blue" mark (aka bruise)
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keloid
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overgrowth of scar tissue
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macule
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flat, colored spot on the skin
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papule
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small, solid skin elevation (aka pimple)
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pruritus
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severe itching
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subcut
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subcutaneous
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TD
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transdermal
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A-, an-
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without or absence of
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endo
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within
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Eu-
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normal, good
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Pan-
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all, total
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Poly-
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many, much
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Tachy-
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fast, rapid
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algia-
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pain
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cele-
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hernia or protrusion
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emia-
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blood condition
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rrhagia
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rapid flow of blood
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stenosis
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constriction or narrowing
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atelectasis
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incomplete expansion (of the lung of a newborn or collapsed lung)
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bronchitis
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inflammation of the bronchi
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Laryngitis
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inflammation of the larynx
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Pansinusitis
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inflammation of all sinuses
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Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome
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ARDS
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Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome
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respiratory failure in an adult as a result of disease or injury. Symptoms include dyspnea, rapid breathing, and cyanosis (also called acute respiratory distress syndrome).
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COPD
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-
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a group of disorders that are almost always a result of smoking that obstructs bronchial flow. One or more of the following is present in varying degrees: emphysema, chronic bronchitis, bronchospasm, and bronchiolitis.
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CF
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Cystic Fibrosis
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Cystic Fibrosis
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hereditary disorder of the exocrine glands characterized by excess mucus production in the respiratory tract, pancreatic deficiency, and other symptoms.
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Emphysema
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stretching of lung tissue caused by the alveoli becoming distended and losing elasticity
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epistaxis
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nosebleed (synonymous with rhinorrhagia).
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OSA
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- Obstructive Sleep Apnea
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- Obstructive Sleep Apnea
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repetitive pharyngeal collapse during sleep, which leads to absence of breathing; can produce daytime drowsiness and elevated blood pressure.
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Pleural Effusion
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scape of fluid into pleural space as a result of inflammation.
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Tuberculosis (TB)
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an infectious disease, caused by an acid-fast bacillus, most commonly spread by inhalation of small particles and usually affecting the lungs.
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URI
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Upper Respiratory Infection-
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Upper Respiratory Infection-
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infection of the nasal cavity, pharynx, or larynx.
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SPIROMETER
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instrument used to measure breathing (or lung volumes).
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CHEST RADIOGRAPH
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a radiographic image of the chest used to evaluate the lungs and the heart (also called chest x-ray).
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AFB
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ACID FAST BACILLI
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ACID FAST BACILLI
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smear- a test performed on sputum to determine the presence of ?, which cause tuberculosis.
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PFTs
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PULMONARY FUNCTION TESTS
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PULMONARY FUNCTION TESTS
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a group of tests performed to measure breathing, which is used to determine respiratory function or abnormalities and it useful in distinguishing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease from asthma.
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ANOXIA
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condition of absence (deficiency) of oxygen.
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APHONIA
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condition of absence of voice
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DYSPNEA
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difficulty breathing
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HYPOXEMIA
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condition of deficient oxygen (in the blood).
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ASPHYXIA
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deprivation of oxygen for tissue use; suffocation.
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PAROXYSM
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periodic, sudden attack
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PATENT
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open (an airway must be patent).
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AFB
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ACID FAST BACILLI
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ARDS
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ADULT RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME
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CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
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COPD
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CXR
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chest radiograph
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OSA
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obstructive sleep apnea
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iasis, esis
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condition
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lysis
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loosening, dissolution, separating
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megaly
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enlargement
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ptosis
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drooping, sagging, prolapse
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rraphy
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suturing, repairing
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tripsy
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surgical crushing
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uria
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urine, urination
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cholecystitis
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inflammation of gall bladder
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cystolith
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stone in the gallbladder
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Glomerulonephritis-
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inflammation of the glomeruli of the kidney
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Nephrolithiasis
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condition of stone(s) in the kidney
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Uremia
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condition of urine (urea) in the blood (toxic condition resulting from retention of byproducts of the kidney in the blood).
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Hematuria
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is the presence of red blood cells ( erythrocytes) in the urine. It may be idiopathic and/or benign, or it can be a sign that there is a kidney stone or a tumor in the urinary tract (kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, prostate, and urethra), ranging from trivial to lethal
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Renal Calculus
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stone in the kidney
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UTI - urinary tract infection
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infection of one or more organs of the urinary tract
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Lithotripsy
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surgical crushing of stone
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retrograde urogram-
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radiographic image of the urinary tract (retrograde means to move in a direction opposite from normal) with contrast medium instilled through urethral catheters by a cystoscope.
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cystoscopy
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visual examination of the bladder
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KUB
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kidney, ureter and bladder
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KUB- kidney, ureter, bladder
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and Bladder- a simple radiographic image of the abdomen. It is often used to view the kidneys, ureters, and bladder to determine size, shape, and location. Also used to identify calculi in the kidney, ureters, or bladder, or to diagnose intestinal obstruction.
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BUN
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blood, urea, nitrogen
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BUN - blood, urea, nitrogen
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a blood test that measures the amount of urea in the blood; used to determine kidney function. An increased ? indicates renal dysfunction.
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Creatine
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a blood test that measures the amount of creatine in the blood. An elevated amount indicates impaired kidney function.
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Anuria
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absence of urine (failure of the kidney to produce urine).
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Diuresis
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condition of urine passing through (increased amount of urine).
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Dysuria
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difficult or painful urination
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Nocturia
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night urination
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oliguria
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scanty urine (amount)
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incontinence
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inability to control bladder and/or bowels.
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micturate
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to urinate or void
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void
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to empty or evacuate waste material, especially urine
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UA
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urinalysis
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-ism
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benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
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cryptorchidism
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a condition in which one or both testes fail to descend normally—compare
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