Med Term Musculoskeletal System

Front 1

Condyle

Back 1

Rounded knuckle-like process

Front 2

Fontanelle

Back 2

soft spot )incomplete bone formation) between the skull bones of an infant.

Front 3

Foramen

Back 3

Opening of the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes

Front 4

Ossification

Back 4

process of bone formation

Front 5

Osteoblast

Back 5

Bone cell that helps form bone tissue

Front 6

Osteoclast

Back 6

Bone cell that absorbs and removes unwanted boney tissue

Front 7

Periosteum

Back 7

Membrane surrounding bones; rich in blood vessels and nerve tissue

Front 8

Styloid Process

Back 8

Pole-like process extending downward from the temporal bone in each side of the skull

Front 9

Suture

Back 9

Immovable joint between bones; such as the skull cranium

Front 10

Temporomandibular Joint

Back 10

Connection on either side of the head between the temporal bone of the skull and mandibular bone of the jaw

Front 11

Tubercle

Back 11

Small round elevation where tendons and muscles attach

Front 12

Oste/o

Back 12

bone

Front 13

Cost/o

Back 13

Ribs (true ribs, false ribs, and floating ribs)

Front 14

-malacia

Back 14

softening

Front 15

-porosis

Back 15

pore, passage

Front 16

-tome

Back 16

instrument to cut

Front 17

closed fracture

Back 17

the bone is broken but there is no open wound in the skin

Front 18

open (compound) fracture

Back 18

the bone is broken and a fragment of bone protrudes through an open wound in the skin

Front 19

Pathologic fracture

Back 19

Caused by disease of bones (tumor, infection, osteoporosis) that causes them to weaken

Front 20

Crepitus

Back 20

Is the crackling sound produced when ends of bones rub each other or rub against roughened cartilage.

Front 21

Comminuted Fracture

Back 21

Bone is splintered and crushed into several pieces

Front 22

Compression Fracture

Back 22

Bone collapses or is compressed; occurs in vertebrae

Front 23

Greenstick Fracture

Back 23

Bone is partially broken; breaks on one surface and bends on another; often occurring in forearm

Front 24

Impacted Fracture

Back 24

One fragment is driven firmly into the other; at the head of the femur or head of the humerus

Front 25

Osteomyelitis

Back 25

Inflammation of the bone and bone marrow secondary to infection

Front 26

Osteoporosis

Back 26

Decrease in bone density (mass); thinning and weakening of bone

Front 27

Synovial Joints

Back 27

A freely movable joint

Front 28

Bursa

Back 28

Are closed sacs of synovial fluid lined with a synovial membrane and are located near but not within a joint. (Sac of fluid near a joint)

Front 29

Ligament

Back 29

Fibrous tissue connecting bones to other bones

Front 30

Synovial Fluid

Back 30

Viscous (sticky) fluid within the synovial cavity. Synovial fluid is similar in viscosity to egg white; (syn=like, ov/o=egg)

Front 31

Tendon

Back 31

Fibrous connective tissue connecting muscles and bones

Front 32

Ankylosing Spondylitis

Back 32

Chronic, progressive arthritis with stiffening of joints, primarily of the spine

Front 33

Gouty Arthritis (Gout)

Back 33

Inflammation and painful swelling of joints caused by excessive uric acid in the body.

Front 34

Osteo Arthritis (OA)

Back 34

Progressive, degenerative joint disease with loss of articular cartilage and hypertrophy of bone (formation of osteophytes, or bone spurs) at articular surfaces.

Front 35

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)

Back 35

Chronic joint condition with inflammation and pain; caused by an autoimmune reaction against joint tissue, particularly the synovial membrane.

Front 36

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS)

Back 36

Compression of the median nerve as it passes between the ligament and the bones and tendons of the wrist.

Front 37

Slipped Disk

Back 37

Abnormal protrusion of an intervertebral disk into the spinal canal or spinal nerves.

Front 38

Sciatica

Back 38

Low back pain and sciatica (pain radiating down the leg) are symptoms when the disk protrudes in the lumbar spine

Front 39

Laminectomy

Back 39

A surgical operation to remove the back of one or more vertebrae, usually to give access to the spinal cord or to relieve pressure on nerves

Front 40

Abduction

Back 40

Movement away from the midline of the body

Front 41

Adduction

Back 41

Movement toward the midline of the body

Front 42

Extension

Back 42

Increasing the angle between two bones; straightening out a limb

Front 43

Flexion

Back 43

Decreasing the angle between two bones; bending a limb

Front 44

Pronation

Back 44

As applied to the hand and forearm, the act of turning the palm down. As applied to the foot, it is inward roll of the foot during normal motion.

Front 45

Supination

Back 45

As applied to the hand and forearm, the act of turning the palm up. As applied to the foot,it is outward roll of the foot during normal motion.

Front 46

Dorsiflexion

Back 46

Decreasing the angle of the ankle joint so that the foot bends backwards (upward). This is the opposite movement of stepping on the gas pedal when driving a car.

Front 47

Plantar Flexion

Back 47

Motion that extends the foot downward toward the ground as when pointing the toes or stepping on the gas pedal. Plant/o means sole of the foot

Front 48

Erythrocyte Sedimentation (ESR)

Back 48

Measures time it takes for erythrocytes to settle to the bottom of a test tube.

Front 49

Arthroscopy

Back 49

Visual examination of a joint with an arthroscope and television camera.

Front 50

Bone Density Test

Back 50

Low-energy x-ray absorption in bones of the spinal column, pelvis, and wrist is used to measure bone mass.