Med Term Chapter 8

Front 1

An/o

Back 1

Anus

Front 2

Append/o

Back 2

Appendix

Front 3

Appendic/o

Back 3

Appendix

Front 4

Bar/o

Back 4

Weight

Front 5

Bucc/o

Back 5

Cheek

Front 6

Cec/o

Back 6

Cecum

Front 7

Cholangi/o

Back 7

Bile duct

Front 8

Chol/e

Back 8

Bile, gall

Front 9

Cholecyst/o

Back 9

Gallbladder

Front 10

Digestive system functions

Back 10

*Mechanical and chemical digestion of food

*Absorption of nutrient molecules

*Elimination of solid waste

Front 11

Organs of the gastrointestinal tract

Back 11

*oral cavity

*Pharynx

*Esophagus

*Stomach

*Small intestine

*Colon

Front 12

Accessory organs

Back 12

*pancreas

*Liver

*Gallbladder

*Salivary glands

Front 13

Choledoch/o

Back 13

Common bile duct

Front 14

Cirrh/o

Back 14

Yellow

Front 15

Col/o

Back 15

Colon

Front 16

Colon/o

Back 16

Colon

Front 17

Dent/o

Back 17

Tooth

Front 18

Diverticul/o

Back 18

Pouch

Front 19

Duoden/o

Back 19

Duodenum

Front 20

Enter/o

Back 20

Small intestine

Front 21

Esophag/o

Back 21

Esophagus

Front 22

Gastr/o

Back 22

Stomach

Front 23

Gingiv/o

Back 23

Gums

Front 24

Gloss/o

Back 24

Tongue

Front 25

Hepat/o

Back 25

Liver

Front 26

Ile/o

Back 26

Ileum

Front 27

Jejun/o

Back 27

Jejunum

Front 28

Labi/o

Back 28

Lip

Front 29

Lapar/o

Back 29

Abdomen

Front 30

Lingu/o

Back 30

Tongue

Front 31

Lith/o

Back 31

Stone

Front 32

Odont/o

Back 32

Tooth

Front 33

Or/o

Back 33

Mouth

Front 34

Palat/o

Back 34

Palate

Front 35

Pancreat/o

Back 35

Pancreas

Front 36

Pharyng/o

Back 36

Throat, pharynx

Front 37

Polyp/o

Back 37

Polyp

Front 38

Proct/o

Back 38

Anus and rectum

Front 39

Pylor/o

Back 39

Pylorus

Front 40

Pyr/o

Back 40

Fire

Front 41

Rect/o

Back 41

Rectum

Front 42

Sialaden/o

Back 42

Salivary gland

Front 43

Sigmoid/o

Back 43

Sigmoid colon

Front 44

-mesis

Back 44

Vomit

Front 45

-emetic

Back 45

Pertaining to vomiting

Front 46

-iatric

Back 46

Pertaining to medical treatment

Front 47

-istry

Back 47

Specialty of

Front 48

-lithiasis

Back 48

Condition of Stone

Front 49

-orexia

Back 49

Appetite

Front 50

-pepsia

Back 50

Digestion

Front 51

-phagia

Back 51

Eat, swallow

Front 52

-prandial

Back 52

Pertaining to a meal

Front 53

-tripsy

Back 53

Surgical crushing

Front 54

About the Gastrointestinal system

Back 54

AKA gut, alimentary canal, gastrointestinal tract

Approximately 30 feet of continuous muscular tube between mouth and anus

Front 55

Organs of the continuous gut tube

Back 55

*oral cavity

*Pharynx

*Esophagus

*Stomach

*Small intestine

*Colon (including rectum and anus)

Front 56

Gums

Back 56

Mucous membrane and connective tissue

Seals off teeth in socket

Front 57

Crown

Back 57

Tooth Above the gum

Front 58

Root

Back 58

Tooth below the gum

Front 59

Enamel

Back 59

Outer covering

In crown only

Hardest substance

Front 60

Dentin

Back 60

Under enamel

In crown and root

Bulk of tooth

Front 61

Pulp cavity

Back 61

In crown and root canal

Blood vessels, nerves

Front 62

Cementum and periodontal ligaments

Back 62

Anchors root in jawbone

Front 63

Deciduous teeth

Back 63

First set, baby teeth

20 teeth erupt between ages 6-28 months

Front 64

Permanent teeth

Back 64

Adult teeth

About 6 years of age, baby teeth fall out

Replaced by 32 permanent teeth

Process continues until 18-20 years of age

Front 65

Parts of the pharynx

Back 65

Oropharynx

Laryngopharynx

Epiglottis

Front 66

Esophagus

Back 66

10 inch muscular tube

Front 67

Peristalsis

Back 67

Wavelike muscular movements

Pushes food through entire gut tube

Front 68

Stomach

Back 68

Mixes food with hydrochloric acid to form chyme

Front 69

Chyme

Back 69

Watery mix of food and digestive juices

Front 70

Parts of the stomach

Back 70

*Fundus- upper

*Body- Main

*Antrum- lower

*Rugae- folds in stomach lining

Stretch to allow stomach to expand with food

Front 71

Sphincters

Back 71

*Muscular valves

Control flow of food

Front 72

Lower esophageal (cardiac) sphincter

Back 72

Keeps food from backing up into esophagus

Front 73

Pyloric sphincter

Back 73

Allows highly acidic chyme to enter small intestine

Front 74

Small intestine

Back 74

Averages 20 feet

Between pyloric sphincter and colon

Site of completion of digestion

Majority of absorption

Front 75

Parts of small intestine

Back 75

*Duodenum

First section about 10-12 inches long

Starts at pyloric sphincter

*Jejunum

second section about 8 feet long

*Ileum

Third section about 12 feet long

Connects to colon at ileocecal

Front 76

Large intestine

Back 76

5 ft long

Extends from ileocecal valve to anus

Fluid that remains after digestion and absorption enters colon

Most is water and is reabsorbed into body

Solid waste left over is feces

Front 77

Parts of large intestine

Back 77

*cecum

*Ascending colon

*Descending colon

*Transverse colon

*Sigmoid colon

Front 78

Rectum

Back 78

Area for storage of feces

Leads to anus- the external opening of alimentary canal

Front 79

Bolus

Back 79

Salivary + food

Front 80

Saliva

Back 80

Allows food to be swallowed without choking

Contains enzyme amylase- begins digestion of carbs

Front 81

Three Salivary glands

Back 81

Parotid glands

Sublingual glands

Submandibular glands

Front 82

Liver

Back 82

Located in the RUQ

Processes nutrients

Detoxifies harmful substances

Produces bile

Front 83

Bile

Back 83

Emulsification

Breaks up large fat globules into smaller droplets

Front 84

Gallbladder

Back 84

Lies under liver

Stores bile produced by liver

*Hepatic duct

*Cystic duct

*Common bile duct

Front 85

Common bile duct (CBD)

Back 85

Carries bile to duodenum

Front 86

Pancreas

Back 86

Digestive juices:

Buffers- neutralize acidic chyme

Enzymes- digest carbs, lipids, and proteins

Front 87

Carcin/o

Back 87

Cancer

Front 88

Cyst/o

Back 88

Sac

Front 89

Cutane/o

Back 89

Skin

Front 90

Hem/o

Back 90

Blood

Front 91

Hemat/o

Back 91

Blood

Front 92

Inguin/o

Back 92

Groin

Front 93

Nas/o

Back 93

Nose

Front 94

Orth/o

Back 94

Straight

Front 95

Ven/o

Back 95

Vein