Med Term Chapter 7

Front 1

carbon dioxide (CO2)

Back 1

testeless, colorless, odorless gas produced by body cells during metabolism

Front 2

catrilage

Back 2

tough, elastic connective tissue that is more rigid than ligaments but less dense than bone

Front 3

cilia

Back 3

hairlike structure

Front 4

diffuse

Back 4

to move or spread out a substance at random, rather than by chemical reaction or application of external forces

Front 5

mucous membrane

Back 5

moist tissue layer lining hollow organs and cavities of the body that open to the environment; also called mucosa

Front 6

oxygen (O2)

Back 6

testeless, colorless, odorless gas essential for human respiration

Front 7

pH

Back 7

symbol that indicates the degree of acidity or alkalinity of a substance

Front 8

septum

Back 8

wall dividing two cavities

Front 9

serous membrane

Back 9

thin layer of tissue that covers internal body cavities and secrets a fluid that keeps the membrane moist; also called serosa

Front 10

nas/o

Back 10

nose

Front 11

rhin/o

Back 11

nose

Front 12

sept/o

Back 12

septum

Front 13

sinus/o

Back 13

sinus, cavity

Front 14

adenoid/o

Back 14

adenoids

Front 15

tonsill/o

Back 15

tonsils

Front 16

pharyng/o

Back 16

pharynx (throat)

Front 17

epiglott/o

Back 17

epiglottis

Front 18

laryng/o

Back 18

larynx (voice box)

Front 19

trache/o

Back 19

trachea (wind-pipe)

Front 20

bronchi/o

Back 20

bronchus (plural, bronchi)

Front 21

bronch/o

Back 21

bronchus (plural, bronchi)

Front 22

bronchiol/o

Back 22

bronchiole

Front 23

alveol/o

Back 23

alveolus; air sac

Front 24

pleur/o

Back 24

pleura

Front 25

pneum/o

Back 25

air; lung

Front 26

pneumon/o

Back 26

air; lung

Front 27

pulmon/o

Back 27

lung

Front 28

anthrac/o

Back 28

coal, coal dust

Front 29

atel/o

Back 29

incomplete; imperfect

Front 30

coni/o

Back 30

dust

Front 31

cyan/o

Back 31

blue

Front 32

lob/o

Back 32

lobe

Front 33

orth/o

Back 33

straight

Front 34

ox/i

Back 34

oxygen

Front 35

ox/o

Back 35

oxygen

Front 36

pector/o

Back 36

chest

Front 37

steth/o

Back 37

chest

Front 38

thorac/o

Back 38

chest

Front 39

phren/o

Back 39

diaphragm; mind

Front 40

spir/o

Back 40

breathe

Front 41

-capnia

Back 41

carbon dioxide

Front 42

-osmia

Back 42

smell

Front 43

-phonia

Back 43

voice

Front 44

-pnea

Back 44

breathing

Front 45

-ptysis

Back 45

spitting

Front 46

-thorax

Back 46

chest

Front 47

brady-

Back 47

slow

Front 48

dys-

Back 48

bad; painful; difficult

Front 49

eu-

Back 49

good, normal

Front 50

tachy-

Back 50

rapid

Front 51

acidosis

Back 51

excessive acidity of body fluids

Front 52

anosmia

Back 52

absence of the sense of smell

Front 53

apnea

Back 53

temporary loss of breathing

Front 54

sleep apnea

Back 54

sleeping disorder in which breathing stops repeatedly for more than 10 seconds, causing measurable blood deoxygenation

Front 55

asphyxia

Back 55

Condition caused by insufficient intake of oxygen

Front 56

atelectasis

Back 56

collapsed or airless state of the lung, which may be acute or chronic and affects all or part of the lung

Front 57

Cheyne-Stokes respiration

Back 57

repeated breathing pattern characterized by fluctuation in the depth of respiration; first deeply, then shallow, then not at all

Front 58

coryza

Back 58

acute inflammation of the membranes of the nose; also called head cold or upper respiratory infection

Front 59

crackle

Back 59

abnormal respiratory sound heard on auscultation, caused by exudates, spasms, hyperplasia, or when air enters moisture-filled alveoli; also called rale

Front 60

croup

Back 60

common childhood condition involving inflammation of the larynx, trachea, bronchial passages and, sometimes, lungs

Front 61

deviated nasal septum

Back 61

displacement of cartilage dividing the nostrils that causes reduced airflow and, sometimes, nosebleed

Front 62

epiglottitis

Back 62

severe, life-threatening infection of the epiglottis and supraglottic structures that occurs most commonly in children between 2 and 12 years of age

Front 63

epistaxis

Back 63

nasal hemorrhage; also called nosebleed

Front 64

finger clubbing

Back 64

enlargement of the terminal phalanges of the fingers and toes commonly associated with pulmonary disease

Front 65

hypoxemia

Back 65

oxygen deficiency in arterial blood; usually a sign of respiratory impairment

Front 66

hypoxia

Back 66

oxygen deficiency in body tissues; usually a sign of respiratory impairment

Front 67

pertussis

Back 67

acute, infectious disease characterized by a cough that has a "whoop" sound; also called whooping cough

Front 68

pleurisy

Back 68

inflammation of the pleural membrane characterized by a stabbing pain that is intensified by coughing or deep breathing; also called pleuritis

Front 69

pneumoconiosis

Back 69

disease caused by inhaling dust particles, including coal dust (anthracosis), stone dust (chalicosis), iron dust (siderosis), and asbestos particles (asbestosis)

Front 70

pulmonary edema

Back 70

accumulation of extravascular fluid in the lung tissues and alveoli, most commonly caused by heart failure

Front 71

pulmonary embolism

Back 71

blockage in an artery of the lungs caused by a mass of undissolved matter (such as a blood clot, tissue, air bubbles, and bacteria)

Front 72

rhonchus

Back 72

abnormal breath sound heard on auscultation of an obstructed airway

Front 73

stridor

Back 73

high-pitched, harsh, adventitious breath sound caused by a spasm or swelling of the larynx or an obstruction in the upper airway

Front 74

sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)

Back 74

completely unexpected and unexplained death of an apparently nornal, healthy infant, usually less than 12 months old; also called crib death

Front 75

wheeze

Back 75

whistling or sighing sound heard on auscultation that results from narrowing of the lumen of the respiratory passageway

Front 76

aerosol therapy

Back 76

lung treatment using various techniques to deliver medication in mist form directly to the lungs or air passageways

Front 77

antral lavage

Back 77

washing or irrigating of the paranasal sinuses to remove mucopurulent material in an immunosuppressed patient or one with known sinusitis that has failed medical management

Front 78

oximetry

Back 78

noninvasive method of monitoring the percentage of hemoglobin (Hb) saturated with oxygen; also called pulse oximetry

Front 79

polysomnography

Back 79

test of sleep cycles and stages using continuous recordings of brain waves (EEGs), electrical activity of muscles, eye movement, respiratory rate, blood pressure, blood oxygen saturation, heart rhythm and, sometimes, direct observation of the person during sleep using a video camera

Front 80

postural drainage

Back 80

method of positioning a patient so that gravity aids in the drainage of secretions from the bronchi and lobes of the lungs

Front 81

pulmonary function tests (PFTs)

Back 81

variety of tests used to evaluate respiratory function, the ability of the lungs to take in and expel air as well as perform gas exchange across the alveolocapillary membrane

Front 82

spirometry

Back 82

PFT that measures the breathing capacity of the lungs, including the time necessary for exhaling the total volume of inhaled air

Front 83

endotracheal intubation

Back 83

procedure in which a plastic tube is inserted into the trachea to maintain an open airway

Front 84

pleurectomy

Back 84

excision of part of the pleura, usually the parietal pleura

Front 85

pneumectomy

Back 85

excision of a lung or a portion of the lung, commonly for the treatment of cancer

Front 86

septoplasty

Back 86

surgical repair of a deviated naval septum usually performed when the septum is encroaching on the breathing passages or nasal structures

Front 87

thoracentesis

Back 87

surgical puncture and drainage of the pleural cavity; also called pleurocentesis or thoracocentesis

Front 88

tracheostomy

Back 88

surgical procedure in which an opening is made in the neck and into the trachea into which a breathing tube may be inserted

Front 89

Mantoux test

Back 89

intradermal test to determine tuberculin sensitivity based on a positive reaction where the area around the test site becomes red and swollen

Front 90

bronchoscopy

Back 90

visual examination of the bronchi using an endoscope (flexible fiberoptic or rigid) inserted through the mouth and trachea for direct viewing of structures or for projection on a monitor

Front 91

laryngoscopy

Back 91

visual examination of the larynx to detect tumors, foreign bodies, nerve or structural injury, or other abnormalities

Front 92

mediastinoscopy

Back 92

visual examination of the mediastinal structures, including the heart, trachea, esophagus, bronchus, thymus, and lymph nodes

Front 93

arterial blood gas (ABG)

Back 93

test that measures dissolved oxygen and carbon dioxide in the arterial blood

Front 94

sputum culture

Back 94

microbial test used to identify disease-causing organisms of the lower respiratory tract, especially those that cause pneumonias

Front 95

sweat test

Back 95

measurement of the amount of salt (sodium chloride) in sweat

Front 96

throat culture

Back 96

test used to identify pathogens, especially group A streptococci

Front 97

computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA)

Back 97

minimally invasive imaging that combines computed tomography scanning and angiography to produce images of the pulmonary arteries

Front 98

ventilation-perfusion (V-Q) scan

Back 98

nuclear test scan that evaluates both airflow (ventilation) and blood flow (perfusion) in the lungs for evidence of a blood clot in the lungs; also called V-Q lung scan

Front 99

antibiotics

Back 99

destroy or inhibit the growth of bacteria by disrupting their membranes or one or more of their metabolic processes

Front 100

antihistamines

Back 100

block histamines from binding with histamine receptor sites in tissues

Front 101

antitussives

Back 101

relieve or suppress coughing by blocking the cough reflex in the medulla of the brain. alleviate nonproductive dry coughs and should not be used with productive coughs

Front 102

brinchodilators

Back 102

stimulate bronchial muscles to relax, thereby expanding air passages, resulting in increased air flow

Front 103

corticosteroids

Back 103

act on the immune system by blocking production of substances that trigger allergic and inflammatory actions

Front 104

decongestants

Back 104

constrict blood vessels of nasal passages and limit blood flow, which causes swollen tissues to shrink so that air can pass more freely through the passageways

Front 105

expectorants

Back 105

liquefy respiratory secretions so that they are more easily dislodged during coughing episodes

Front 106

ABG

Back 106

arterial blood gas(es)

Front 107

AFB

Back 107

acid-fast bacillus (TN organism)

Front 108

ARDS

Back 108

acute respiratory distress syndrome

Front 109

CA

Back 109

cancer

Front 110

CO2

Back 110

carbon dioxide

Front 111

COPD

Back 111

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Front 112

CPAP

Back 112

continuous positive airway pressure

Front 113

CPR

Back 113

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Front 114

CT

Back 114

computed tomography

Front 115

CTPA

Back 115

computed tomography pulmonary angiography

Front 116

CXR

Back 116

chest x-ray, chest radiograph

Front 117

DPI

Back 117

dry powder inhaler

Front 118

DPT

Back 118

diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus

Front 119

Hb, Hgb

Back 119

hemoglobin

Front 120

HMD

Back 120

hyaline membrane disease

Front 121

IRDS

Back 121

infant respiratory distress syndrome

Front 122

MDI

Back 122

metered dose inhaler

Front 123

MRI

Back 123

magnetic resonance imaging

Front 124

NMT

Back 124

nebulized mist treatment

Front 125

O2

Back 125

oxygen

Front 126

PA

Back 126

posteroanterior; pernicious anemia

Front 127

Pco2

Back 127

partial pressure of carbon dioxide

Front 128

PCP

Back 128

pneumocystis carinii pneumonia;

Front 129

PFT

Back 129

pulmonary function test

Front 130

pH

Back 130

degree of acidity or alkalinity

Front 131

PND

Back 131

paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

Front 132

Po2

Back 132

partial pressure of oxygen

Front 133

RD

Back 133

respiratory distress

Front 134

RDS

Back 134

respiratory distress syndrome

Front 135

SIDS

Back 135

sudden infant death syndrome

Front 136

SOB

Back 136

shortness of breath

Front 137

T&A

Back 137

tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy

Front 138

TB

Back 138

tuberculosis

Front 139

URI

Back 139

upper respiratory infection