Med Term Chapter 16

Front 1

accommodation

Back 1

adjustment of the eye for various distances so that images fall on the retina of the eye

Front 2

acuity

Back 2

clearness or sharpness of a sensory function

Front 3

adnexa

Back 3

tissues or structures in the body adjacent to or near a related structure

Front 4

humor

Back 4

any fluid or semifluid of the body

Front 5

labyrinth

Back 5

series of intricate communicating passages

Front 6

opaque

Back 6

substance or surface that neither transmits nor allows the passage of light

Front 7

perilymph

Back 7

fluid that very closely resembles spinal fluid but found in the cochlea

Front 8

photopigment

Back 8

light-sensitive pigment in the retinal cones and rods that absorbs light and initiates the visual process; also called visual pigment

Front 9

refractive

Back 9

ability to bend light rays as they pass from one medium to another

Front 10

tunic

Back 10

layer or coat of tissue; also called membrane layer

Front 11

ambly/o

Back 11

dull, dim

Front 12

aque/o

Back 12

water

Front 13

blephar/o

Back 13

eyelid

Front 14

choroid/o

Back 14

choroid

Front 15

conjunctiv/o

Back 15

conjunctiva

Front 16

core/o

Back 16

pupil

Front 17

pupill/o

Back 17

pupil

Front 18

corne/o

Back 18

cornea

Front 19

cycl/o

Back 19

ciliary body of the eye; circular; cycle

Front 20

dacry/o

Back 20

tear; lacrimal; apparatus (duct, sac, or gland)

Front 21

lacrim/o

Back 21

tear; lacrimal; apparatus (duct, sac, or gland)

Front 22

dacryocyst/o

Back 22

lacrimal sac

Front 23

glauc/o

Back 23

gray

Front 24

goin/o

Back 24

angle

Front 25

irid/o

Back 25

iris

Front 26

kerat/o

Back 26

horny tissue; hard; cornea

Front 27

ocul/o

Back 27

eye

Front 28

ophthalm/o

Back 28

eye

Front 29

opt/o

Back 29

eye, vision

Front 30

optic/o

Back 30

eye, vision

Front 31

phac/o

Back 31

lens

Front 32

phot/o

Back 32

light

Front 33

presby/o

Back 33

old age

Front 34

retin/o

Back 34

retina

Front 35

scler/o

Back 35

hardening; sclera ( white of eye )

Front 36

scot/o

Back 36

darkness

Front 37

vitr/o

Back 37

vitreous body (of the eye)

Front 38

audi/o

Back 38

hearing

Front 39

labyrinth/o

Back 39

labyrinth (inner ear)

Front 40

mastoid/o

Back 40

mastoid process

Front 41

ot/o

Back 41

ear

Front 42

salping/o

Back 42

tubes (usually fallopian or eustachian [auditory] tubes)

Front 43

staped/o

Back 43

stapes

Front 44

myring/o

Back 44

tympanic membrane (eardrum)

Front 45

tympan/o

Back 45

tympanic membrane ( eardrum )

Front 46

-acusia

Back 46

hearing

Front 47

-cusis

Back 47

hearing

Front 48

-opia

Back 48

vision

Front 49

-opsia

Back 49

vision

Front 50

-tropia

Back 50

turning

Front 51

exo-

Back 51

outside, outward

Front 52

hyper-

Back 52

excessive, above normal

Front 53

achromatopsia

Back 53

severe congenital deficiency in color perception; also called complete color blindness

Front 54

chalazion

Back 54

small, hard tumor developing on the eyelid, somewhat similar to a sebaceous cyst

Front 55

conjunctivitis

Back 55

inflammation of the conjunctiva with vascular congestion that produces a red or pink eye and may be secondary to allergy or viral, bacterial, or fungal infections

Front 56

ectropion

Back 56

eversion, or outward turning, of the edge of the lower eyelid

Front 57

entropion

Back 57

inversion, or inward turning, of the edge of the lower eyelid

Front 58

epiphora

Back 58

abnormal overflow of tears

Front 59

hordeolum

Back 59

localized, circumscribed, inflammatory swelling of one of the several sebaceous glands of the eyelid, generally caused by a bacterial infection; also called a stye

Front 60

metamorphopsia

Back 60

visual distortion of objects

Front 61

nyctalopia

Back 61

impaired vision in dim light; also called night blindness

Front 62

nystagmus

Back 62

type of involuntary eye movements that appear jerky and may reduce vision or be associated with other, more serious conditions that limit vision

Front 63

papilledema

Back 63

swelling and hyperemia of the optic disc, usually associated with increased intraocular pressure; also called choked disc

Front 64

photophobia

Back 64

unusual intolerance and sensitivity to light

Front 65

presbyopia

Back 65

loss of accommodation of the crystalline lens associated with the aging process

Front 66

retinopathy

Back 66

any disorder of retinal blood vessels

Front 67

diabetic retinopathy

Back 67

disorder that occurs in patients with diabetes and manifests as small hemorrhages, edema, and formation of new vessels on the retina, leading to scarring and eventual loss of vision

Front 68

trachoma

Back 68

chronic, contagious form of conjunctivitis that typically leads to blindness

Front 69

anacusis

Back 69

complete deafness; also called anacusia

Front 70

conduction impairment

Back 70

blocking of sound waves as they pass through the external and middle ear (conduction pathway)

Front 71

labyrinthitis

Back 71

inflammation of the inner ear that usually results from an acute febrile process

Front 72

meniere disease

Back 72

disorder of the labyrinth that leads to progressive loss of hearing

Front 73

noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL)

Back 73

condition caused by the destruction of hair cells, the organs responsible for hearing, as a result of sounds that are "too long, too loud, or too close"

Front 74

otitis externa

Back 74

infection of the external auditory canal

Front 75

presbyacusis

Back 75

impairment of hearing resulting from old age; also called presbyacusia

Front 76

tinnitus

Back 76

perception of ringing, hissing, or other sounds in the ears or heard when no external sound is present

Front 77

vertigo

Back 77

sensation of a spinning motion either of oneself or of the surroundings

Front 78

ear irrigation

Back 78

flushing of the ear canal with water saline to dislodge foreign bodies or impacted cerumen (earwax)

Front 79

slit-lamp examination

Back 79

stereoscopic magnified view of the anterior eye structures in detail, which includes the cornea, lens, iris, sclera, and vitreous humor

Front 80

blepharoplasty

Back 80

cosmetic surgery that removes fatty tissue above and below the eyes that commonly form as a result of the aging process or excessive exposure to the sin

Front 81

pressure-equalizing (PE) tube placement

Back 81

insertion of tubes through the tympanic membrane, commonly used to treat chronic otitis medis; also called tympanostomy tubes or ventilation tubes

Front 82

cochlear implant insertion

Back 82

placement of an artificial hearing device that produces hearing sensations by electronically stimulating nerves inside the inner ear; also called bionic ear

Front 83

cyclodialysis

Back 83

formation of an opening between the anterior chamber and the suprachoroidal space for the draining of aqueous humor in glaucoma

Front 84

enucleation

Back 84

removal of the eyeball from the orbit

Front 85

evisceration

Back 85

removal of the contents of the eye while leaving the sclera and cornea intact

Front 86

mastoid antrotomy

Back 86

surgical opening of a cavity within the mastoid process

Front 87

otoplasty

Back 87

corrective surgery for a deformed or excessively large or small pinna

Front 88

phacoemulsification

Back 88

method of treating cataracts by using ultrasonic waves to disintegrate a cloudy lens, which is then aspirated and removed

Front 89

radial keratotomy (RK)

Back 89

incision of the cornea for treatment of nearsightedness or astigmatism

Front 90

sclerostomy

Back 90

surgical formation of an opening in the sclera

Front 91

tympanoplasty

Back 91

reconstruction of the eardrum, commonly due to perforation; also called myringoplasty

Front 92

audiometry

Back 92

measurement of hearing acuity at various sound-wave frequencies

Front 93

caloric stimulation test

Back 93

test that uses different water temperatures to assess the vestibular portion of the nerve of the inner ear (acoustic nerve) to determine if nerve damage is the cause of vertigo

Front 94

electronystagmography (ENG)

Back 94

method of assessing and recording eye movements by measuring the electrical activity of the extraocular muscles

Front 95

gonioscopy

Back 95

examination of the angle of the anterior chamber of the eye to determine ocular motility and rotation and diagnose and manage glaucoma

Front 96

ophthalmodynamometry

Back 96

measurement of the blood pressure of the retinal vessels

Front 97

ophthalmoscopy

Back 97

visual examination of the interior of the eye using a handheld instrument called an ophthalmoscope, which has various adjustable lenses for magnification and a light source to illuminate the interior of the eye

Front 98

otoscopy

Back 98

visual examination of the external auditory canal and the tympanic membrane using an otoscope

Front 99

pneumatic otoscopy

Back 99

procedure that assesses the ability of the tympanic membrane to move in response to a change in air pressure

Front 100

retinoscopy

Back 100

evaluation of refractive errors of the eye by projecting a light into the eyes and determining the movement of reflected light rays

Front 101

tonometry

Back 101

evaluation of intraocular pressure by measuring the resistance of the eyeball to indentation by applied force

Front 102

tuning fork test

Back 102

evaluation of sound conduction using a vibrating tuning fork

Front 103

Rinne test

Back 103

tuning fork test that evaluates bone conduction (BC) versus air conduction (AC) of sound

Front 104

Weber test

Back 104

tuning fork test that evaluates bone conduction of sound in both ears at the same time

Front 105

visual acuity (VA) test

Back 105

part of am eye examination that determines the smallest letters that can be read on a standardized chart at a distance of 20 feet

Front 106

dacryocystography

Back 106

radiographic imaging procedure of the nasolacrimal (tear) glands and ducts

Front 107

fluorescein angiography

Back 107

evaluation of blood vessels and their leakage in and beneath the retina after injection of fluorescein dye, which circulates while photographs of the vessels within the eye are obtained

Front 108

antibiotics, ophthalmic

Back 108

inhibit growth of microorganisms that infect the eye

Front 109

antiglaucoma agents

Back 109

decrease aqueous humor production by constricting the pupil to open the angle between the iris and cornea

Front 110

mydriatics

Back 110

disrupt parasympathetic nerve supply to the eye or stimulate the sympathetic nervous system, causing the pupil to dilate

Front 111

decongestants, ophthalmic

Back 111

constrict the small arterioles of the eye, decreasing redness and relieving conjunctival congestion

Front 112

moisturizers, ophthalmic

Back 112

soothe eyes that are dry due to environmental irritants and allergens

Front 113

ear antiemetics

Back 113

treat and prevent neusea, vomiting, dizziness, and vertigo by reducing the sensitivity of the inner ear to motion or inhibiting stimuli from reaching the part of the brain that triggers nausea and vomiting

Front 114

otic analgesics

Back 114

provide temporary relief from pain and inflammation associated with otic disorders

Front 115

wax emulsifiers

Back 115

loosen and help remove impacted cerumen (earwax)

Front 116

Acc

Back 116

accommodation

Front 117

ARMD, AMD

Back 117

age-related macular degeneration

Front 118

Ast

Back 118

astigmatism

Front 119

ENG

Back 119

electronystagmography

Front 120

IOL

Back 120

intraocular lens

Front 121

IOP

Back 121

intraocular pressure

Front 122

LASIK

Back 122

laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis

Front 123

AC

Back 123

air conduction

Front 124

BC

Back 124

bone conduction

Front 125

ENT

Back 125

ears, nose, and throat

Front 126

NIHL

Back 126

noise-induced hearing loss

Front 127

O.D.

Back 127

doctor of optometry

Front 128

RK

Back 128

radial keratotomy

Front 129

SLE

Back 129

slit-lamp examination; systemic lupus erythematosus

Front 130

ST

Back 130

esotropia

Front 131

VA

Back 131

visual acuity

Front 132

VF

Back 132

visual field

Front 133

XT

Back 133

exotropia

Front 134

OM

Back 134

otitis media

Front 135

PE

Back 135

physical examination; pulmonary embolism; pressure-equalizing (tube)

Front 136

URI

Back 136

upper respiratory infection