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118 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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external genitalia
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sex, or reproductive, organs visible on the outside of the body; also called genitals
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gestation
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length of time from conception to birth
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lactation
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Production and release of milk by mammary glands
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orifice
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mouth; entrance, or outlet of any anatomical structure
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amni/o
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amnion (amniotic sac)
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cervic/o
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neck; cervix uteri (neck of uterus)
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colp/o
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vagina
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vagin/o
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vagina
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galact/o
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milk
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lact/o
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milk
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gynec/o
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woman, female
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hyster/o
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uterus (womb)
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metri/o
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uterus (womb)
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uter/o
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uterus (womb)
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mamm/o
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breast
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mast/o
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breast
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men/o
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menses, menstruation
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metr/o
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uterus (womb); measure
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nat/o
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birth
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oophor/o
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ovary
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ovari/o
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ovary
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perine/o
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perineum
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salping/o
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tube (usually fallopian or eustachian [auditory] tubes)
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-arche
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beginning
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-cyesis
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pregnancy
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-gravida
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pregnant woman
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-para
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to bear (offspring)
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-salpinx
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tube (usually fallopian or eustachian [auditory] tubes)
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-tocia
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childbirth, labor
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-version
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turning
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ante-
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before, in front of
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dys-
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bad; painful; difficult
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endo-
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in, within
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multi-
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many, much
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post-
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after
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primi-
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first
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atresia
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congenital absence or closure of a normal body opening, such as the vagina
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choriocarcinoma
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malignant neoplasm of the uterus or at the site of an ectopic pregnancy
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dyspareunia
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occurrence of pain during sexual intercourse
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endocervicitis
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inflammation of the mucous lining of the cervix uteri
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retroversion
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Turning or state of being turned back, especially an entire organ, such as the uterus, being tipped from its normal position
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Uterine fibroids
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Benign tumor is composed of muscle in cypress tissue the development my uterus; also called leiomyomas, myomas, or fibroids
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Sterility
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inability of the female to become pregnant or the male to impregnate the female
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Abortion
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Termination of pregnancy before the embryo or fetus is capable of surviving outside the uterus
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Abruptio placentae
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Premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall before the third stage of labor; also called placental abruption
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Breech presentation
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Common abnormality of delivery in which the fetal buttocks or feet present first rather than the head
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Down syndrome
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genetic condition in which a person has 47 chromosomes instead of the usual 46 and occurs when there is an extra copy of chromosome 21(trisomy), which causes delays in the wage child develops mentally and physically; also called trisomy 21
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Eclampsia
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Most serious form of toxemia during pregnancy
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Ectopic pregnancy
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Pregnancy in which the fertilized ovum does not reach the uterine cavity but becomes implanted on any tissue other than the lining of the uterine cavity, such as a fallopian tube, an ovary, the abdomen, or even the cervix uteri
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Placenta previa
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Obstetric complications in which the placenta is attached close to or covers the cervical canal that results in bleeding during labor when the cervix dilates
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Intrauterine device (IUD)
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Small, t-shaped device inserted by position inside the uterus to prevent pregnancy
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cerclage
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Suturing of the cervix to prevent it from dilating prematurely during pregnancy, those decreasing the chance of a spontaneous abortion
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Cesarean section
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Infection of the abdomen and uterus removed to fetus; also called c-section
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colpocleisis
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Surgical closure of the vaginal canal
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conization
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Excision of a cone-shaped piece of tissue, such as mucosa of the cervix, for histological examination
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cordocentesis
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Sampling of fetal blood drawn from the umbilical vein and performed under ultrasound guidance
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Cryosurgery
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Process of freezing tissue to destroy cells; also called cryocautery
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dilatation and curettage (D&C)
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Widening of the cervical canal with a dilator and scraping of the uterine endometrium with a curette
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Hysterectomy
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Excision of the uterus
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Subtotal hysterectomy
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Hysterectomy where the cervix, ovaries, and fallopian tubes remain
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Total hysterectomy
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Hysterectomy where the cervix is removed but the ovaries and fallopian tubes remain; also called complete hysterectomy
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Total plus bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy
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total (complete) hysterectomy, including removal of the uterus, cervix, fallopian tubes, and ovaries
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Laparoscopy
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Visual examination of the abdominal cavity with a laparoscope through one or more small incisions in the abdominal wall, usually at the umbilicus
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Lumpectomy
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Excision of a small primary breast tumor (or "lump") in some of the normal tissue that surrounds it
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mammoplasty
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Surgical reconstruction of the breast(s) to change the size, shape, or position
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Augmentation mammoplasty
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Insertion of a breast prosthesis (filled with silicone gel or saline) beneath the skin or beneath the pectoralis major muscle
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Reduction mammoplasty
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Breast reduction to reduce the size of large, pendulous breasts
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mastectomy
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Excision of the entire breast
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Total (simple) mastectomy
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Vision of the entire breast, nipple, areola, and the involved overlying skin; also called simple mastectomy
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Modified radical mastectomy
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Excision of the entire breast, including the lymph nodes in the underarm (axillary dissection)
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Radical mastectomy
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excision of the entire breast, all underarm lymph nodes, and chest wall muscles under the breast
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Reconstructive breast surgery
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Creation of a breast-shaped mound to replace a breast that has been removed due to cancer or other disease
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tissue (skin) expansion
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Common breast reconstruction technique in which a balloon expander is inserted beneath the skin and chest muscle, saline solution is gradually injected to increase size, and the expander is then replaced with a more permanent implant
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Transverse rectus abdominis muscle (TRAM) flap
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Surgical creation of a skin flap using skin and fat from the lower half of the abdomen, which is passed under the skin to the breast area, and then shaping the abdominal tissue (flap) into a natural-looking breast and suturing it into place
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Tubal litigation
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Procedure that ties (ligates) the fallopian tubes to prevent pregnancy
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Amniocentesis
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Transabdominal puncture of the amniotic sac under ultrasound guidance using a needle (position is verified by US on a monitor screen) and syringe to remove amniotic fluid
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colposcopy
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Visual examination of the vagina and cervix with an optical magnifying instrument (colposcope)
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insufflation
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Delivery of pressurized air or gas into a cavity, chamber, or organ to a allow visual examination, remove an obstruction, or apply medication
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tubal insufflation
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Test for patency of the uterine tubes made by transuterine insufflation with carbon dioxide; also called Rubin test
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pelvimetry
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Measurement of pelvic dimensions to determine whether the head of the fetus will be able to pass through the bony pelvis to allow delivery
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chorionic villus sampling (CVS)
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Sampling of placental tissues for prenatal diagnosis of potential genetic defects
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Endometrial biopsy
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Removal of a sample of uterine endometrium for microscopic study
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papanicolaou (Pap) test
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cytological study used to detect abnormal cells slots from the cervix and vagina, usually obtained during routine pelvic examination
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hysterosalpingography (HSG)
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Radiography and, usually, fluoroscopy of the uterus and uterine tubes (oviducts) following injection of a contrast medium
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mammography
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Radiographic examination of the breast to screen for breast cancer
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Ultrasonography (US)
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use of high-frequency sound waves (ultrasound) directed at soft tissue and reflected as "echoes" to produce an image on a monitor of an internal body structure; also called ultrasound, sonography, and echo
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Transvaginal ultrasonography
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Ultrasound of the pelvic area performed with a probe inserted into the vagina, which provides sharper images of pathological and normal structures within the pelvis
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Antifungals
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Treat vaginal yeast infection by altering the yeast cell membrane or interfering with a metabolic process
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Estrogens
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Treat symptoms of menopause (hot flashes, vaginal dryness, fatigue) through hormone replacement therapy (HRT)
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Oral contraceptives
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Synthetic hormones used to prevent pregnancy and treat menstrual disorders
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oxytocics
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Induce labor at term by increasing the strength and frequency of uterine contractions
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Prostaglandins
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Terminate pregnancy
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Spermicides
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Chemically destroys sperm by creating a highly acidic environment in the uterus
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AB; Ab; ab
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antibody; abortion
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CA
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cancer; chronological age; cardiac arrest
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D&C
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dilatation (dilation) and curettage
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DUB
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dysfunctional uterine bleeding
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FSH
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follicle-stimulating hormone
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GYN
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gynecology
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HRT
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hormone replacement therapy
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HSG
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hysterosalpingography
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IUD
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intrauterine device
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LH
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luteinizing hormone
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CS, C-section
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cesarean section
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CVS
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chorionic villus sampling
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FECG, FEKG
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fetal electrocardiogram
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LMP
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Last menstrual period
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LSO
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left salpingo-oophorectomy
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OCPs
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Oral contraceptive pills
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Pap
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papanicolaou (test)
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PID
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Pelvic inflammatory disease
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STD
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Sexually transmitted disease
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TRAM
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Transverse rectus abdominis muscle (flap)
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TVH
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Total vaginal hysterectomy
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US
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ultrasound, ultrasonography
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IVF-ET
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In vitro fertilization and embryo transfer
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OB
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obstetrics
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para 1, 2, 3, and so on
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unipara, bipara, tripara (number of viable births)
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