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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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adrenal glands, suprarenal glands
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located next to each kidney, the adrenal cortex secretes steroid hormones and the adrenal medulla secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine
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steroid hormones, glucorticoids, mineral corticosteroids, androgens
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regulate carbohydrate metabolism and salt and water balance; some effect on sexual characteristics
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epinephrine, norepinephrine
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affect sympathetic nervous system in stress response
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ovaries
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located on each side of the uterus int he female pelvis, functioning to secrete estrogen and progesterone
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estrogen, progesterone
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responsible for the development of female secondary sex characteristics and regulation of reproduction
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pancreas (islets of Langerhans)
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located behind the stomach in front of the first and second lumbar certebrae, functioning to secrete insulin and glucagon
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insulin, glucagon
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regulate carbohydrate/sugar metabolism
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parathyroid glands
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located on the posterior aspect of the thyroid gland in the neck, functioning to secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH)
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parathyroid hormone (PTH)
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regulates calcium and phosphorus metabolism
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pineal gland
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located in the center of the brain, functioning to secrete melatonin and serotonin
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melatonin
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exact function unknown; affects onset of puberty
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serotonin
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a neurotransmitter that serves as the precursor to melatonin
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pituitary gland, hypophysis
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located at the base of the brain. Anterior pituitary secretes thyroid-stimulating hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, follicle stimulating, luteinizing, melanocyte stimulating, growth, and prolactin. Posterior releases antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin
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anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis): thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
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stimulates secretion from thyroid gland
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adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
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stimulates secretion from adrenal cortex
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follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
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initiates growth of ovarian follicle; stimulates secretion of estrogen in females and sperm production in males
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luteinizing hormone (LH)
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causes ovulation; timulates secretion of progesterone by corpus luteum; causes secretion of testosterone in testes
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melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)
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affects skin pigmentation
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growth hormone (GH)
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stimulates growth
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prolactin (lactogenic hormone)
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stimulates breast milk and milk production during pregnancy
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posterior pituitary (neurophypophysis): antidiuretic hormone
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influences the absorption of water by kidney tubules
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oxytocin
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influences uterine contraction
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testes
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located one one each side within the scrotum in the male, functioning to secrete testosterone
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testosterone
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affects masculinization and reproduction
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thymus gland
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located in the mediastinal cavity anterior to and above the heart, functioning to secrete thymosin
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thymosin
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regluates immune response
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thyroid gland
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located in the front of the neck, functioning to secrete triidothyronine (t3), thyroxine (t4), and calcitonin
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triiodothyronine (t3), thyroxine (t4)
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known as the thyroid hormones; regulate metabolism
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calcitonin
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regulates calcium and phosphorus metabolism
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