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157 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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agglutino
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clumping
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chromo
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color
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coagulo
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clotting
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erythro
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red
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fibrin
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fibers/ fibrous
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granulo
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granules
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hemo
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blood
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hemato
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blood
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leuko
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white
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morpho
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shape
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myelo
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bone marrow
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phago
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eat/ swallow
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sanguino
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blood/ red
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thrombo
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clot
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-apheresis
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removal/ carry away
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-cyte
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cell
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-cytosis
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more than the normal # of cells
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-emia
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blood condition
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-globin
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protein
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-penia
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abnormal decrease
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-poiesis
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formation
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-stasis
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standing still
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erythrocytes
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red blood cells
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leukocytes
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white blood cells
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formed blood elements
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solid cells in the plasma
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hematopoiesis
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the formation of blood cells in the bone marrow
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avg. adult has how L of blood?
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5L is average
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Formed elements = leuko + erythro + ________
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platelets
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albumin
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plasma protein that helps transport fatty substances that cannot dissolve in the watery plasma
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globulins
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one of several kinda of plasma proteins
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gamma globulins
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act as antibodies
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fibrinogen
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a blood clotting plasma protein
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other important substances in blood plasma?
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electrolytes (Na, Ca, K, glucose), amino acids, fats, and wastes (urea and creatinine)
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bilirubin
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the part of a RBC that cannot be reused and is "dumped"
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enucleated
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without a nucleus
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hemoglobin
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an iron containing pigment that transports O2
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two types of WBC
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agranulocytes and granulocytes
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granulocytes
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have granules in the cytoplasm
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agranulocytes
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do not have granules in the cytoplasm
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3 types of granulocytes
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baso- [release histamine and heparin], eosino- [destroy parasites and increase allergic rxn], and neutrophils [most common; used f/phagocytosis]
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2 types of agranulocytes
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monocytes [important for phagocytosis] and lymphocytes [immunity activity]
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platelet is the modern term for...
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thrombocyte
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the smallest of the formed blood elements?
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the thrombocyte
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thrombocytes: whole cells, T/F?
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F: not whole cells, but shattered pieces of large precursor cell
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function of platelets/thrombocytes?
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play critical role in blood clotting
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thrombocytes agglutinate, meaning...
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that they clump together when a vess. is ruptured
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what chem. do platelets release?
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thromboplastin --> rxn w/ Ca to form prothrombin --> thrombin --> thrombin converts fibrinogen to fibrin which forms the clot
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blood typing looks for...
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... ABO-type and Rh factor
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Type A blood makes anti-____ bodies
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anti-B bodies
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Type B blood makes anti-____ bodies
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anti-A bodies
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O blood is accepted by all because
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it has no markers on the outside
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Rh+ blood has...
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... an Rh marker on the outside and will not make anti-Rh antibodies
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Rh- blood has...
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... no Rh marker on the outside and will react to transfusion with Rh-possessing blood
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A person with Rh- blood can recieve...
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... ONLY Rh- blood
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A person with Rh+ blood can recieve...
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... EITHER Rh+ or - blood
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"type and crossmatch"
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type = checks types of the two bloods
crossmatch = mixes small amount of both together to observe negative rxns |
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fibrinogen
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fibrin producing
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fibrinolysis
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destruction of fibrin
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hemoglobin
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blood protein
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hemolysis
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destruction of blood cells
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hemorrhage
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rapid flow of blood
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hemostasis
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stopping blood
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hematology
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study of blood
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hematoma
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swelling of blood
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hematopoiesis
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blood formation
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sanguinous
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pertaining to blood
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erythrocytosis
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too many RBCs
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leukocytosis
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too many WBCs
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thrombocytosis
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too many thrombocytes
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erythropenia
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too few RBCs
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leukocytopenia
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too few WBCs
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thrombocytopenia
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too few thromocytes
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pancytopenia
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too few of all cells
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hematocytopenia
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too few blood cells
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dyscrasia
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general term meaning presence of a disease affecting the blood
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hematoma
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collection of blood beneath the skin: a swelling: a bruise
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packed cells
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the transfusion of only formed elements, w/o plasma
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whole blood
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the whole shebang (plasma + formed e.)
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anemia
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reduction in RBC count OR amount of hemoglobin in blood = less O2 reaches tissues
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aplastic anemia
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severe form of anemia --> dev. as conseq of loss of functioning red bone marrow. --> decrease in #'s of all formed elements: needs bone marrow transplant
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erythroplastosis fetalis
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condition in which antibodies from mother enter child in utero cause anemia, jaundice, edema, etc: AKA, hemolytic disease of the neonate
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hemolytic anemia
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anemia the result of excessive loss of RBCs
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hemophilia
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x-linked blood clotting disorder.. "bleeders"
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hyperlipidemia
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condition of high lipids in the blood
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hypochromic anemia
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anemia resulting from having too little hemoglobin in the RBCs (named so b/c hb is responsible for the color of RBCs)
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pernicious anemia
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anemia assoc. with insufficient absorption of b12: b12 is neccessary for RBC production
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polycythemia vera
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production of too many RBCs by the bone marrow: blood becomes too thick to easily flow through the veins
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septicemia
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bacteria in the bloodstream ("blood poisoning")
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thallassemia
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genetic disorder in which the person is unable to make functioning hemoglobin resulting in anemia
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bleeding time
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how long it takes for someone's blood to coagulate
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blood culture and sensitivity
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sample of blood collected to check for bacteria; then bac is checked f/sens to antibiotics
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bone marrow aspiration
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sample of bone marrow aspirated with needle and examined for diseases like leukemia and aplastic anemia
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complete blood count
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blood test that consists of five tests: RBC count, WBC count, HgB, hematocrit, and WBC differential
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erythrocyte sedimentation
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blood test that to determine the rate at which mature RBCs settle out of the blood after the addition of an anticoag. this is an indicator of inflammatory disease.
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hematocrit
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blood test to measure the vol of RBC within the total vol of blood
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hemoglobin
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blood test to determine the amount of hgb present in a given vol of blood
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phlebotomy
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incision into a vein in order to remove blood for a diagnostic test
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platelet
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blood test to determine the number of platelets in a given vol of blood
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prothrombin time
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measure of the blood's coag abilities
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RBC morphology
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exam of a specimen of blood for abnormalities in the shape of RBCs
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sequential multiple analyzer computer (SMAC)
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machine for doing multiple blood chemistry tests automatically
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white blood cell differential
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blood test to determine the number of each variety of leukocytes
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autologous transfusion
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procedure for collecting and storing a patients own blood weeks prior to need
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homologous transfusion
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replacement of blood by transfusion of blood recieved by another person
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plasmapheresis
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method of removing plasma from the body without depleting the formed elements. Whole blood is removed and the cells and plasma are separated. The cells are returned to the patient along with a donor plasma transfusion.
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antiplatelet
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blood thinners
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hematinic
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substance that increases the number of RBC or HgB in the blood
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hemostatic
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stops the flow of blood
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thrombolytic
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able to dissolve existing blood clots
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adeno-
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gland
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adenoid-
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adenoids
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immuno
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protection
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lympho
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lymph
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lymphadeno
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lymph node
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lymphangio
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lymph vessel
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toxo
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poison
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immune system is comprised of...
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... lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, the spleen, the thymus gland, and the tonsils.
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lymph
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fluid in lymphatic vessels: composed of h2o, WBC, nutrients, hormones, salts, CO2, O2, and urea.
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lymph flows...
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one way only. pulls in wastes from tissues back towards thoracic cavity
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two main lymphatic ducts
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right lymphatic duct and the thoracic duct
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axillary
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armpits
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cervical
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neck
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inguinal
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area of lower legs and pelvis
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mediastinal
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area of chest cavity
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3 types of tonsils
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adenoids, pharyngeal, lingual
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blood sinuses
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drains blood from spleen
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t cells/ t lymphocytes
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assists the body in immunity comes from the thymus
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thymosin
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hormone that makes lymphocytes into t lymphocytes
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natural immunity
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immunity that the body has naturally... the skin, etc
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acquired immunity
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immunity the body develops... the response to a pathogen
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passive acquired immunity
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immunity received from another being (passed from mother to child, for ex)
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active acquired immunity
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immunity stimulated by immunization
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humoral immunity
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antibody regulated immunity... b lymphocytes
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cellular immunity
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cell-mediated immunity... t lymphocytes
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Epstein-Barr virus
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virus that is believed to be the cuase of infectious mono...
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hives
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appearance of wheals as part of an allergic reaction
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lymphedema
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edema appearing in the extremities due to an obstruction of the lymph flow through the lymph vess
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urticaria
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severe itching assoc with hives, usually assoc with food allergy, stress, or drug rxns
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aids related complex
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early stage of aids that shows mild signs of weight loss, fatigue, skin rash, etc
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elephantitis
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inflammation, obstruction, and destruction of the lymph vess that results in enlarged tissues due to edema
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graft vs. host disease
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serious complications of bone marrow transplant. immunie cells from the donor graft attack host cells
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hodgkin's disease
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cancer of the lymphatic cells found in concentration in the lymph nodes.
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lymphadenitis
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inflammation of the lymph nodes, referred to as swollen glands.
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mononucleosis
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acute infectious disease with a large number of atypical lymphocytes, caused by the epstein-barr virus
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non-hodgkin's lymphoma
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cancer of the lymphatic tissues not caused by hodgkins
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peritonsillar abscess
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infection of the tissues between the tonsils and the pharynx
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pnemocystis carinii
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pneumonia common in AIDS patients caused by parasite
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sarcoidosis
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disease of unknown cause that forms fibrous lesions that appear everywhere....
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severe combined immunodeiciency syndrome
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disease seen in children born with a nonfunctioning immune system. "bubble" kids.
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ELISA (enzyme linked immunosorbent assay)
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a blood test for an antibody to the AIDS virus.
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lymphangiography
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x-ray taken of the lymph vess after the injection of dye into the foot (traces the flow of lymph through chest)
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monospot
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test for infectious mono
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scratch test
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form of allergy testing
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western blot
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test used as a backup to the ELISA blood test to detect the presence of the HIV antibody
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corticosteroids
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a hormone produced by the adrenal cortex that has a very strong anti inflammatory properties
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immunosuppressants
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blocks certain actions of the immune systems.. needed for organ transplant
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vasoconstrictors
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produces contraction of the smooth muscles in the walls of arteries, will raise blood pressure in a patient with anaphylactic shock
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