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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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pituitary gland, hypophysis, cerebri
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approx. the size of a pea and located at the base of the brain. It is divided into two lobes.
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anterior lobe or adenohypophysis (of the pituitary gland)
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prod. and secretes the followig hormones: Growth hormone (GH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), gonadotropic hormones
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growth hormone (GH)
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regulates the growth of the body
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adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
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stimulates the adrenal cortex
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thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
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stimulates the thyroid gland
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gonadotropic hormones
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affect the male and female reproductive systems.
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follice-stimulating hormone (FSH), or luteinizing hormone (LH)
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regulate development, growth, and function of the ovaries and testes.
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prolactin or lactogenic hormone (PRL)
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promotes development of glandular tissue durig pregnancy and prod. milk after birth of an infant.
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posterior lobe or neurohypophysis
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stores and releases antiduretic hormone and oxytocin.
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antiduretic hormone (ADH)
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stim. the kidney to reabsorb water.
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oxytocin
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stim. uterine contractions during labor and postpartum.
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hypothalamus
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loacted near the pituitary gland in the brain. The hypothalamus secretes "releasing" hormone that functions to stimulate or inhibit the release of pituitary gland hormones.
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thyroid gland
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largest endocrine gland. It is located in the neck below the larynx and comprises bilateral lobes connected by an isthmus. The thyroid gland secretes the hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxin (T4), which require iodine for their production. Thyroxine is necessary for body cell metabolism.
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parathyroid glands
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four small bodies lying directly behind the thyroid. Parathormone (PTH), the hormone prod. by the glands, helps maintain the level of calcium in the blood.
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islets of langerhans
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clusters of endocrine tissue found throughout the pancreas, made up of different cell types that secrete various hormones, including insulin and glucagon. Nonendocrine cells found throughout the pancreas perform nonendocrine functions such as digestion.
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adrenal glands, suprarenals
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paired glands, one of which is located above each kidney. The outer portion is called the adrenal cortex, and the inner portion is called adrenal medulla. The following hormones are secteted by the adrenal glands: cortisol, aldosterone, epinephrine, norepinephrine.
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