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115 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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hyperkalemia
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Removal of a gland
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denohypophsis
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Anterior lobe of the pituitary gland
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adrenal cortex
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Removal of an adrenal gland
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adrenalectomy
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Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
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adrenaline
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Hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla
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adrenal medulla
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Hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex
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adrenocorticotropic hormone
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Chemical element that carries an electrical charge when dissolved in water
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adrenocorticotropin
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Medical specialist in the diagnosis and treatment of endocrine gland disorders.
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aldosterone
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Pertaining to producing female (characteristics).
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androgen
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Normal thyroid function.
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antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
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Hormone from the adrenal cortex that raises blood sugar and reduces tissue inflammation
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calcitonin
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Pertaining to blood sugar
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catecholamines
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Storage form of glucose (sugar); it produces glucose when it is broken down (glycogenolysis) in liver cells
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corticosteroids
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Sugar in the urine
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cortisol
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Hormone secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland and acting on the ovaries or testes
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electrolyte
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Tendency in an organism to return to a state of constancy and stability
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endocrinologist
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Pertaining to a hormone.
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epinephrine
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Chemical secreted by an endocrine gland
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estradiol
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High levels of calcium in the blood
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estrogen
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High levels of calcium in urine
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estrogenic
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High levels of sugar in the bloodstream
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euthyroid
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Abnormally high concentration of potassium in the blood.
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follicle-stimulating hormone (FHS)
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Low/deficient levels of sugar in the bloodstream.
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glucagon
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Low levels of calcium in the blood.
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glucocorticoid
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Deficient functioning of the gonads (ovaries or testes)
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glycemic
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Deficient production of insulin (pancreatic hormone)
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glycogen
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Low levels of potassium in the blood.
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glycosuria
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Low levels of sodium in the blood
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gonadotropin
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Removal of the pituitary gland.
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growth hormone
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Pituitary gland.
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homeostasis
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Deficient secretion of hormones from the pituitary gland.
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hormonal
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Region of the brain lying below the thalamus, but above the pituitary gland. It stimulates the pituitary gland to secrete and release hormones.
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hormone
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Hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex; regulates salts (electrolytes) and water balance in the body
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hypercalcemia
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Posterior lobe of the pituitary gland; secretes oxytocin and vasopressin.
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hypercalciuria
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Excision of the pancreas
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hyperglycemia
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Removal of parathyroid glands
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hyperkalemia
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Small endocrine gland in the center of the brain; secretes melatonin
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hypoglycemia
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Excessive thirst
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hypocalcemia
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Excessive urination
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hypogonadism
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Target substance with which a drug interacts in the body.
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hypoinsulinism
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Cavity in the base of the skull; contains the pituitary gland
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hypokalemia
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Complex, naturally occurring chemicals, such as hormones, that are used in cancer chemotherapy.
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hyponatremia
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Pertaining to mimicking or copying the effect of the sympathetic nervous system; adrenaline and norepinephrine are sympathomimetic hormones.
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hypophysectomy
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Cells of an organ that are affected or stimulated by specific hormones.
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hypophysis
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Hormone secreted by the thyroid gland that increases body metabolism; thyroxine (T4).
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hypopituitarism
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Inflammation of the thyroid gland.
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hypothalamus
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Hypothyroidism during infancy and childhood leading to a lack of normal physical and mental growth.
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insulin
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Enlargement of the thyroid gland due to lack of iodine in the diet.
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luteinizing hormone
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Measurement of eyeball protrusion.
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mineralocorticoid
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Protrusion of the eyeball (proptosis); symptom of hyperthyroidism.
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neurohypophysis
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Loss of motility of the stomach muscles, occurring as a long-term secondary complication of diabetes mellitus.
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norepinephrine
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Measures the glucose levels in a blood sample taken at various intervals from a patient who has previously ingested glucose.
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ovaries
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Enlargement of the thyroid gland.
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oxytocin
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Hyperfunctioning of the thyroid gland; thyrotoxicosis. This is the most common type of hyperthyroidism.
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pancreas
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Excessive hair growth.
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pancreatectomy
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High levels of acids (ketones) in the blood; occurring in diabetes mellitus (type 1) when cells burn high levels of fats (producing ketones) because sugar is not available as fuel.
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parathormone
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Hypofunctioning of the thyroid gland in adults.
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parathyroidectomy
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Enlargement of the thyroid gland due to growth of nodules (adenomas) on the thyroid gland.
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parathyroid glands
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Constant muscle contractions; associated with hypocalcemia and hypoparathyroidism.
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pineal gland
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Hyperthyroidism (overactivity of the thyroid gland).
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pituitary gland
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located at the base of the brain in the sella turcica
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polydipsia
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...
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polyuria
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Excessive urination
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progesterone
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prepares uterus for pregnancy
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prolactin
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promotes milk secretion
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receptor
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Target substance with which a drug interacts in the body.
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sella turcica
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Cavity in the base of the skull; contains the pituitary gland
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sex hormones
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...
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somatotropin
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growth hormone
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steroid
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Complex, naturally occurring chemicals, such as hormones, that are used in cancer chemotherapy.
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sympathomimetic
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...
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target tissue
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...
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testes
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two glands enclosed in the scrotal sac of a male; responsible for sperm production and testosterone secretion
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testosterone
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male hormone secreted by the testes
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tetraiodothyronine
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...
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thyroid gland
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located in the neck on either side of the trachea; secretes thyroxine, triiodothyronine, and calcitonin
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thyroiditis
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...
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thyrotropin
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acts on the thyroid gland to promote its functioning
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thyroxine
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T4 increases metabolism in cells
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triiodothyronine
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T3 increases metabolism in cells
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vasopressin
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increases water reabsorption and raises blood pressure
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acromegaly
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hypersecretion of growth hormone from the anterior pituitary after puberty, leading to enlargement of extremities
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Addison disease
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hypofunctioning of the adrenal cortex
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adrenal virilism
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excessive secretion of adrenal androgens
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cretinism
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...
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Cushing syndrome
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group of signs and symptoms produced by excess cortisol from the adrenal cortex
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diabetes insipidus
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insufficient secretion of antidiuretic hormone
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diabetes mellitus
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lack of insulin secretion or resistance of insulin in promoting sugar, starch, and fat metabolism in cells
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dwarfism
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congenital hyposecretion of growth hormone
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endemic goiter
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Enlargement of the thyroid gland due to lack of iodine in the diet.
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exophthalmometry
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...
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exophthalmos
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...
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fasting plasma glucose
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also known as fasting blood sugar test, measures circulating glucose level in a patient who has fasted at least 8 hours
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gastroparesis
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...
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gigantism
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hypersecretion of growth horse from the anterior pituitary before puberty, leading to abnormal overgrowth of body tissues
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glucose tolerance test
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goiter
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...
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Graves disease
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hirsutism
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...
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hyperinsulinism
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excess secretion of insulin causing hypoglycemia
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hyperparathyroidism
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excessive production of parathormone
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hyperthyroidism
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overactivity of the thyroid gland
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hypoparathroidism
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deficient production of parathyroid hormone
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hypothyroidism
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underactivity of the thyroid gland
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ketacidosis
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High levels of acids (ketones) in the blood; occurring in diabetes mellitus (type 1) when cells burn high levels of fats (producing ketones) because sugar is not available as fuel.
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myxedema
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Hypofunctioning of the thyroid gland in adults.
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nodular goiter
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Enlargement of the thyroid gland due to growth of nodules (adenomas) on the thyroid gland.
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panhypopituitarism
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deficiency of all pituitary hormones
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pheochromocytoma
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benign tumor of the adrenal medulla; tumor cell stain a dark or dusty color
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syndrome of inappropriate (ADH)
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Excessive secretion of antidiuretic hormone
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tetany
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...
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thyroid carcinoma
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cancer of the thyroid gland
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thyroid function tests
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measurement of T3, T4, and TSH in the bloodstream
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thyroid scan
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scanner detects radioactivity and visualizes the thyroid gland
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thyrotoxicosis
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...
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