Med Term 2 Pathology, Lab, Clinical Terms Ch 13

Front 1

acute lymphocytic leukemia

Back 1

immature lymphocytes predominate. This form is seen often in children and adolescents; onset is sudden

Front 2

acute myelogenous leukemia

Back 2

immature granulocytes predominate. Platelets and erthrocytes are diminished because of infiltration and replacement of th bone marrow by large numbers of myeloblasts

Front 3

anemia

Back 3

deficiency of erthrocytes or hemoglobin

Front 4

antiglobulin test

Back 4

test for the presence of antibodies that coat and damage erythrocytes (Rh-negative in infants)

Front 5

apheresis

Back 5

separation of blood into component parts and removal of a select portion from the blood

Front 6

aplastic anemia

Back 6

failure of blood cell production in the bone marrow

Front 7

autologous transfusion

Back 7

collection and later reinfusion of a patients own blood or blood components

Front 8

bleeding time

Back 8

time required for blood to clot from a tiny puncture wound (8 minutes or less)

Front 9

blood transfusion

Back 9

whole blood or cells are taken from a donor and infused into a patient

Front 10

bone marrow biopsy

Back 10

microscopic examination of a core of bone marrow removed with a needle

Front 11

chronic lymphocyte leukemia

Back 11

Abnormal numbers of relatively mature lymphocytes predominate in the marrow, lymph nodes, and spleen. Occurs in the elderly and follows a slowly progressive course. Doesn't require immediate treatment.

Front 12

chronic myelogenous leukemia

Back 12

both mature and immature granuloyctes are present in large numbers in the marrow and bloodstream. slow progressive illness with which patients may live many years without encountering life threatening problems. (adults 55 and older)

Front 13

coagulation time

Back 13

time required for venous blood to clot in a test tube (usually less then 15 minutes)

Front 14

complete blood count

Back 14

determination of numbers of blood cells, hemoglobin concentration, hematocit, and red cell values-MCH, MCV, MCHC

Front 15

dyscrasia

Back 15

abnormal or pathologic condition of the blood. blood diseases

Front 16

ecchymoses

Back 16

larger blue or purplish patches on the skin (bruises)

Front 17

erythrocyte sedimentation rate

Back 17

speed at which erythrocytes settle out of plasma

Front 18

granulocytosis

Back 18

abnormal increase in granulocytes in the blood

Front 19

hematocrit

Back 19

percentage of erythrocytes in a volume of blood

Front 20

hematopoietic stem cell transplant

Back 20

peripheral stem cells from a compatible donor are administered to a recipient

Front 21

hemochromatosis

Back 21

excess iron deposits throughout the body

Front 22

hemoglobin test

Back 22

total amount of hemoglobin in a sample of peripheral blood

Front 23

hemolytic anemia

Back 23

reduction in red cells due to excessive destruction

Front 24

hemophilia

Back 24

excessive bleeding caused by hereditary lack of blood clotting factors necessary for blood clotting

Front 25

intrinsic factor

Back 25

Vitamin B12 cannot be absorbed into the bloodstream without the aid of this substance

Front 26

leukemia

Back 26

increase in cancerous white blood cells

Front 27

mononucleosis

Back 27

infectious disease marked by increased number of leukocytes and enlarged cervical lymph nodes

Front 28

multiple myeloma

Back 28

malignant neoplasm of bone marrow

Front 29

palliative

Back 29

drugs that relieve symptoms and stop disease progression, which improves the outlook for this disease

Front 30

pernicious anemia

Back 30

lack of mature erythrocytes caused by inability to absorb vitamin B12 into the body

Front 31

petechiae

Back 31

tiny purple or red flat spots appearing on the skin as a result of hemorrhages

Front 32

platelet count

Back 32

number of platelets per cubic millicent or microliter of blood

Front 33

polycythemia vera

Back 33

general increase in red blood cells

Front 34

prothrombin time

Back 34

test of the ability of blood to clot

Front 35

purpura

Back 35

multiple pinpoint hemorrhages and accumulation of blood under the skin

Front 36

red blood cell morphology

Back 36

microscopic examination of a stained blood smear to determine the shape of individual red cells

Front 37

red blood cell count

Back 37

number of erythrocytes per cubic millimeter or micoliter of blood

Front 38

relapse

Back 38

when the disease symptoms and signs reappear, necessitating further treatment

Front 39

remission

Back 39

disappearance of signs and symptoms of disease

Front 40

sickle cell anemia

Back 40

hereditary condition characterized by abnormal sickle shape of erythrocytes and by hemolysis

Front 41

thalassemia

Back 41

inherited defect in the ability to produce hemoglobin, usually seen in persons of Mediterranean background

Front 42

white blood cell count

Back 42

number of leukocytes per cubic millimeter or microliter of blood

Front 43

white blood cell differential

Back 43

percentages of different types of leukocytes in the blood