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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are causes of immunodeficiency disorders?
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defect in phagocytic cells, B-lymphocytes, T-lymphocytes or the complement system
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What is primary immunodeficiency?
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genetic in origin and caused by intrinsic factor
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What are signs of primary immunodeficiency?
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multiple infections, infections from opportunistic org, failure to thrive, poor growth, positive family history
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What is secondary immunodeficiency?
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acquired and related to underlying disorders, diseases, toxic subs, medications, malnutrition, chronic stress, burns, DM, uremia, etc.
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Who normally has primary immunodeficiency?
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infants and young children
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What determins immunodeficiency disorder?
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What part of the immune system is deficient
phagocytic cell failure (neutrophil abn), B-lymphocyte failure, T-lymphocyte failure, B & T, complement system failure |
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What are s/s of immunodeficiency?
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bacterial, fugal (candida), viral (herpes) infections that are normally nonpathogenic, recurrent cutaneous absess, eczema, bronchitis, pneumonia, otitis media, sinuisitis
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What are potential complications?
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recurrent, severe, fatal infections
blood dyscrasias and malignancies |
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What are the 10 warning signs of Primary Immune Deficiency?
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1. 8 or more ear infections in 1 year
2. 2 or more serious sinus infections in 1 year 3. 2 or more months of antibiotics with no effect 4. 2 or more pneumonias in 1 year 5. Failure for infant to grow 6. Recurrent, deep skin, or organ abscesses 7. Persistant thrush 8. Need for IV antibiotics 9. 2 or more deep seated infections (meningitis, sepsis, etc.) 10. Family history of primary immune deficiency |
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What is the treatment for primary immunodeficiency disorder?
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prophylaxis with caution, early diagnosis, appropriate treament of infection, pooled plasma, GM-CSF or GCSF treatment, thymus graft, stem cells, bone marrow transplant
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What is GM-SCF and GCSF?
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granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating facto
granulocyte colony-stimulating factor |
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What is the most common primary immunodeficiency seen in adults?
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Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID)- defects in varies parts of immunity, characterized by frequent bacterial infections (esp of resp), and associated with inc incidence of autoimmune and neoplastic disorder
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What is the main T-cell deficiency disorder?
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DiGeorge syndrome, thymic hypoplasia- abnormally developed thymus gland
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What are the s/s of DiGeorge syndrome?
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hypoparathyroidism, hypocalcemia, congenital heart defect, cleft lip/palate, renal abn, incr infections
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What is the treatment for DiGeorge syndrome?
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Prophalytic for pneumonia, calcuim supp, Vit D, supp, parathyroid hormone, fetal thymus transplant
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Guidelines for IV immunoglobin infusion
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weigh before treatment, vital signs, admin preprescribed treatment, corticosteriods may be used, SLOW RATE OF NO MORE THAN 3mL/min
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What are the nursing implications for a pt with immunodeficiency?
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look for s/s of infection, monitor lab values (ANC), good nutrition, manage stress, anxiety and coping, good handwashing, pt protection, skin care, dental care, pulmonary care, bowel and bladder care
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What client teaching should be done for the immunodeficient pt?
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s/s of infection, medication teaching, prevention of infections (hand washing, avoing crowds or infected people, hygiene, cleaning), diet, nutrition, lifestyle mod, follow up care
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What is ANC and what are they?
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absolute neutrophil count
"baby WBC" found in the bone marrow |
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How do you calculate ANC?
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(Neutrophil % + Band %)/100=
x WBC = ANC |
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what is normal ANC?
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1500-8000
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What is considered neutropenic?
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<1500
*varies on location |
