Med Surg 2 - Test 1 Vocab

Front 1

abnormal or extra; often refers to extra breath sounds, such as wheezes or crackles

Back 1

adeventitious

Front 2

something that assists something else, such as a second form of treatment added to treat a disease

Back 2

adjuvant

Front 3

diminished ability of the immune system to react to an antigen

Back 3

anergy

Front 4

an agent that prevents or relieves cough

Back 4

antitussive

Front 5

temporary absence of breathing

Back 5

apnea

Front 6

collapsed or airless condition of the lung or portion of lung, caused by obstruction or hypoventilation

Back 6

atelectasis

Front 7

a form of arteriosclerosis characterized by accumulation of plaque, blood, and blood products lining the wall of the artery, causing partial or complete blockage of an artery

Back 7

atherosclerosis

Front 8

deviating from normal

Back 8

atypical

Front 9

an irregularly shaped elevation such as a blister that may occur in lung tissue

Back 9

bleb

Front 10

chronic dilation of the bronchus or bronchi, usually associated with secondary infection and excessive sputum production

Back 10

bronchiectasis

Front 11

inflammation of the mucous membrane of the bronchial airways; may be viral or bacterial

Back 11

bronchitis

Front 12

a drug that expands the bronchial tubes by relaxing the bronchial smooth muscle

Back 12

bronchodilator

Front 13

spasm of the bronchial smooth muscle resulting in narrowing of the airways; associated with asthma and bronchitis

Back 13

bronchospasm

Front 14

a humming heard when auscultating a blood vessel that is caused by turbulent blood flow through the vessel

Back 14

bruit

Front 15

a large blister or lesion filled with fluid that may occur in lung tissue

Back 15

bulla

Front 16

a measure of the pumping ability of the heart; amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute

Back 16

cardiac output

Front 17

arrest of myocardial contraction, as by use of chemical compounds or cold temperatures in cardiac surgery

Back 17

cardioplegia

Front 18

severe pain in the calf muscle from inadequate blood supply

Back 18

claudication

Front 19

a condition in which the ends of the fingers and toes appear bulbous and shiny, most often the result of lung disease

Back 19

clubbing

Front 20

the ability to alter size and shape in response to an outside force; the ability of the lungs to distend

Back 20

compliance

Front 21

crepitation: a dry crackling sound or sensation

Back 21

crepitus

Front 22

slightly bluish, grayish, or dark purple discoloration of the skin caused by the presence of abnormal amounts of reduced hemoglobin in the blood

Back 22

cyanosis

Front 23

the amount of pressure exerted on the wall of the arteries when the ventricles are at rest. The bottom number in a blood pressure reading

Back 23

diastolic blood pressure

Front 24

inability to swallow or difficulty swallowing

Back 24

dysphagia

Front 25

subjective sense of labored breathing that occurs because of insufficient oxygenation

Back 25

dyspnea

Front 26

abnormal disordered or disturbed cardiac rhythm

Back 26

dysrhythmias

Front 27

ectopic hormones are secreted from sites other than the gland where they would normally be found

Back 27

ectopic

Front 28

foreign substance or blood clot that travels through the circulatory system until it obstructs a vessel

Back 28

embolism

Front 29

distention of interstitial tissue by gas or air; chronic pulmonary disease marked by terminal bronchiole and alveolar destruction and air trapping

Back 29

emphysema

Front 30

pus in a body cavity, especially the pleural space

Back 30

empyema

Front 31

nosebleed

Back 31

epistaxis

Front 32

chronic elevation of blood pressure resulting from an unknown cause

Back 32

essential hypertension

Front 33

aggravation of symptoms

Back 33

exacerbation

Front 34

agent that promotes removal of pulmonary secretions

Back 34

expectorant

Front 35

accumulated fluid in a cavity; oozing of pus or serum; often the result of inflammation

Back 35

exudate

Front 36

coughing up of blood from the respiratory tract

Back 36

hemoptysis

Front 37

blood in the pleural space; may be associated with trauma, tuberculosis, or pneumonia

Back 37

hemothorax

Front 38

an assessment for venous thrombosis in which calf pain with dorsiflexion occurs if thrombosis is present

Back 38

Homans' sign

Front 39

abnormally elevated blood pressure

Back 39

hypertension

Front 40

systolic blood pressure above 180 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure above 120-130 mm Hg

Back 40

hypertensive emergency

Back 41

hypertensive urgency

Front 42

an increase in the size of an organ or structure, or of the blody, owing to growth rather than tumor formation

Back 42

hypertrophy

Front 43

hypostatic pneumonia occurs from congestion in the lungs associated with lack of activity

Back 43

hypostatic

Front 44

having an immune system that is not capable of reacting to a pathogen or tissue damage

Back 44

immunocompromised

Front 45

area of hardened tissue

Back 45

induration

Front 46

condition of inadequate blood supply

Back 46

ischemic

Front 47

the systolic pressure is 160 mm Hg or more, but the diastolic pressure is lower than 95 mm Hg

Back 47

isolated systolic hypertension

Front 48

person who has had a surgical removal of the larynx

Back 48

laryngectomee

Front 49

inflammation of the larynx

Back 49

laryngitis

Front 50

surgical removal of a lobe of any organ or gland

Back 50

lobectomy

Front 51

agent that liquifies sputum

Back 51

mucolytic

Front 52

an abnormal sound heard on auscultation of the heart and adjacent large blood vessels

Back 52

murmur

Front 53

muscle pain or tenderness

Back 53

myalgia

Front 54

surgical correction of the nasal septum

Back 54

nasoseptoplasty

Front 55

normal blood pressure

Back 55

normotensive

Front 56

chest movement on respiration that is opposite to that expected

Back 56

paradoxical respiration

Front 57

friction sound heard over the fourth left intercostal space near the sternum; a classic sign of pericarditis

Back 57

pericardial friction rub

Front 58

opposition to blood flow through the vessels

Back 58

peripheral vascular resistance

Front 59

inflammation of the mucous membranes and lymph tissues of the pharynx, usually caused by infection

Back 59

pharyngitis

Front 60

a deposit of fatty material on the lining of the artery

Back 60

plaque

Front 61

creation of adhesions between the parietal and visceral pleura to treat recurrent pneumothorax

Back 61

pleurodesis

Front 62

surgical removal of all or part of a lung

Back 62

pneumonectomy

Front 63

air in the pleural space

Back 63

pneumothorax

Front 64

the absence of sufficient arterial blood flow, causing the extremity ot become the temperature of the environment

Back 64

poikilothermy

Front 65

the area of the chest where the greatest force can be felt with the palm of the hand when the heart contracts or beats. Usually at the fourth or fifth intercostal space in the midclavicular line

Back 65

point of maximum impulse

Front 66

excessive red blood cells in the blood

Back 66

polycythemia

Front 67

end diastolic stretch of cardiac muscle fibers; equals end-diastolic volume

Back 67

preload

Front 68

abnormally elevated blood pressure of unknown cause. Also called essential hypertension

Back 68

primary hypertension

Front 69

a condition in which the number of pulse beats counted at the radial artery is less than those counted in the same period of time at the apical heart rate

Back 69

pulse deficit

Front 70

downward movement of the diaphragm with inspiration

Back 70

respiratory excursion

Front 71

inflammation of the nasal mucosa, usually associated with congestion, itching, sneezing, and nasal discharge

Back 71

rhinitis

Front 72

plastic surgery of the nose

Back 72

rhinoplasty

Front 73

high blood pressure that is a symptom of a specific cause, such as a kidney abnormality

Back 73

secondary hypertension

Front 74

inflammation of the sinuses; may be due to viral or bacterial infection or to allergies

Back 74

sinusitis

Front 75

prolonged period of unrelieved asthma symptoms

Back 75

status asthamticus

Front 76

the operation of cutting through the sternum

Back 76

sternotomy

Front 77

maximum pressure exerted on the arteries during contraction of the left ventricle of the heart. The top number of a blood pressure reading

Back 77

systolic blood pressure

Front 78

abnormally rapid respiratory rate

Back 78

tachypnea

Front 79

insertion of a large bore needle into the pleural space to remove fluid

Back 79

thoracentesis

Front 80

surgical incision into the chest wall

Back 80

thoracotomy

Front 81

abnormal vessel that has a bulging or narrowed wall; vibration is felt

Back 81

thrill

Front 82

rise and fall; may refer to water in water seal chamber of a chest drainage system

Back 82

tidaling

Front 83

a surgical opening in the neck into the trachea to provide an airway when the trachea is obstructed

Back 83

tracheostomy

Front 84

an opening in the neck into the trachea

Back 84

tracheotomy

Front 85

thickness, as in the blood

Back 85

viscosity