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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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leukocytes in the stool of a patient with acute diarrhea suggest?
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infection + invasive pathogen
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diarrhea that continues after fasting?
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secretory
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#1 cause of travelers diarrhea?
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E.Coli
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drug of choice for shigella?
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cipro
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best prophylaxsis for traveler's diarrhea?
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pepto
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what agent causes botulism?
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c.diff
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MC cause of giardia?
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standing/contaminated water
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how do you dx pinworms?
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scotch tape test (graham's )
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what is a major cause of osmotic diarrhea?
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lactose intolerance
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what is the MC organism to cause antibiotic related colitis?
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C.Diff
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what is the pathophysiology of thalassemias?
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hemolytic anemia associated with altered alpha and beta globulin chains
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which type of anemia is MC to see in children?
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iron deficiency anemia due to dietary deficiency
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a serum level for _______ is considered to be most closely related to iron stores in the liver and bone marrow?
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ferretin
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65 y/o p presents with fatigue, numbness in legs, skin pale and icteric, angular chelitis, low Hbg. what is most likely problem?
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cobalamin deficiency
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p presents with: h/o chron's, anorexia,malaise, HTN, chelitis, parasthesias in feet, LABS: megaloblastic anemia, pancytopenia, reticulocyte count <2%. your dx would most likely be?
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pernicious anemia
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a state of anemia due to vitamin B12 deficiency; usually due to:
Insufficient dietary vitamin B12 intake, Autoimmune disorders where antibodies are directed against intrinsic factor or parietal cells that produce it. Atrophic Gastritis in the elderly, leading to cell damage in stomach (reducing intrinsic factor) |
pernicious anemia
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what test can be used to distinguish between pernicious anemia, vitamin B12 malabsorption, and vitamin B12 deficiency.
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schilling test
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hemoglobinopathy is a characteristic of which type of anemia?
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thalassemia
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p presents with H/O gastritis, and is found to have megaloblastic anemia. giben this info, what deficiency might she have?
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cobalamin
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this test is used in the detection of antibodies for the diagnosis of immune-mediated haemolytic anaemias.
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coombs test
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you suspect your p has an immune mediated hemolytic anemia. what test can you perform to confirm this?
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Coombs test
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what is the recommended treatment for immune mediated hemolysis?
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corticosteroids
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p presents with a microcytic anemia. what test can you perform to differentiate between a thalassemia vs an iron def. anemia?
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electrophoresis
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heat intolerance, palpitations, diarrhea, lid lag, are all physical findings suggestive of?
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hyperthyroid
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what is the most common thyroid hormone def?
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hashimotos
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where are catecholamines produced?
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adrenal gland
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what is the most important phagocytic cell of the immune system?
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neutrophil
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leukemia: a malignant neoplasm arises from what type of stem cells?
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myeloid
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what would you do for an asymptomatic patient with thrombocytopenia?
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repeat the CBC
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at what level of plt's would your patient have petechia, echymosis and spontaneous bleeds?
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25-50K
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which leukemia is characterized by a chronic blast phase that evolves into an acute blast phase?
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CML
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child presents with H/H of 8/25, plt 25K and WBC 220. most likely has?
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ALL
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selecitve indications for splenectomy, ITP in children can resolve with out therapy, treatment may involve corticoststeroids or IVIG describe the approach for treatment for what disease?
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ITP
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what percentage of gastric ulcers are malignant?
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3-5%
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you are currently treating a patient for PUD and have already treated and cleared H.Pylori. however the ulcers have failed to heal. what should your next step be?
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measure serum gastrin levels
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what is the MC cause of acute gastritis?
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NSAIDS
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what can autoimmune gastritis lead to?
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pernicious anemia
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what are the top 3 causes of PUD?
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h. pylori
NSAIDS hypersecretion states (ZE syn) |
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what is the number one wa to rule out and upper GI bleed?
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NG aspirate
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p presents with cramping periumbilical to epigastric abdominal pain. started 5 hours ago. N/V/anorexia. no diarrhea. afebrile. most likely dx?
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acute, early appy
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>55 y/o presents with sudden onset, LLQ pain. what should be first on your dx?
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diverticulitis
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what is the best screening test for colorectal cancer?
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flex sig
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the following are indicitive of what pathology:
LLQ pain/suprapubic usually involves sigmoid colon UA may reflect cystitis CT scan can help dx |
diverticulitis
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what is the diagnostic tool for dx of hemorrhoids?
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sigmoidoscopy
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segmental skip lesions
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chron's
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apple core lesion?
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colon carcinoma
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cobblestone pattern?
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chron's disease
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toxic megacolon
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UC
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can affect mouth to anus?
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UC
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lead pipe" loss of haustrations?
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UC
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"pain our of proportion to exam"
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ischemic colitis
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alternating diarrhea and constipation?
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irritable bowel syndrome
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usually follows the descent of the gonads and is the MC cause of strangulated hernias?
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indirect inguinal hernia
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usually acquired later in life and is the result of weak lateral wall fascia?
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direct inguinal hernia
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what is the duke's classification used for?
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dx of colorectal ca
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this sign that is specific for a pancreatitis shows discoloration of the flanks?
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grey turner sign
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age > 55
serum LDH >350 blood glucose > 200 are criteria for what? |
Ranson's criteria to be checked upon admission for acute pancreatitis
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what is the rec screening procedure for individuals at high risk for developing colon cancer?
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DRE
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large, tender, irreducible hernia + n/v. tympany and decreased bowel sounds is indicitive of?
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strangulated hernia
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what is the best diagnostic study to confirm dx of gallbladder disease?
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US of gallbladder
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