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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the general anatomy of the respiratory system? |
Respiratory system, respiratory tract, thorax,diaphragm, pleura, and alveoli |
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Respiratory system |
they system of taking in oxygen and giving off carbon dioxide |
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Respiratory tract |
passage formed by the mouth, nose, throat and lungs, through which air passes during breathing |
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Thorax |
portion of trunk between neck and abdomen, houses the lungs and heart, esophagus, digestive system |
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Diaphragm |
muscular partition separating the thorax from the abdomen |
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Alveoli |
tiny air sacs in the lungs at the end of airways |
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Pleura |
a pair of serous membrane lining the thorax and enveloping the lungs |
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Who is the medical doctor that specializes inrespiratory illness? |
Pulmonologist |
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What are the job responsibilities of a respiratory therapist? |
They work with patients who have troublebreathing. They also provide emergencycare to patients suffering from heart attacks, stroke, drowning, or shock. They teach people to use inhalers, givenebulizer treatments |
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What are the differences between obstructive and restrictive lung disease/ conditions? |
Obstructive lung disease is shortness of breath due to difficulty exhaling all the air from the lungs. Because of damage to the lungs or narrowing of the airways inside the lungs, exhaling of air comes out more slowly than normal. Restrictive lung disease is when you cannot fully fill their lungs with air. Lungs are restricted from fully expanding. |
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Air trapping |
an abnormal retention of air in the lungs where it is difficult to exhale completely |
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Dyspnea |
shortness of breath |
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Atelectasis |
partial or complete collapse of the lung |
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Hypoxemia |
an abnormally low concentration of oxygen in the blood, low oxygen levels |
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Sleep apnea |
an ongoing condition that disrupts your sleep, when you’re sleeping and your breathing stop momentarily |
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Asthma |
a chronic lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. |
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Symptoms |
Dry coughing (morning and night are the worst),trouble breathing (SOB: short of breath [dyspnea] due to narrowing of airtubes, and exhalations are longer than normal), a tight feeling in the chest,wheezing (sound turbulence due to narrow air tubes and mucus build up),increased heart rate and respiratory rate. Inflammation of airway tubes,narrowing of air way tubes, increased mucous production, longer exhalationtimes, air trapping, bronchospasms |
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Causes |
Exact cause is unknown; research shows genetics or the environment. Atop is when asthma is thought to be genetic. |
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Triggers |
medications, inhalers, corticosteroids(anti-inflammatory), bronchodilators (relaxes the muscle), nebulizers, Albuterol (rescue inhaler: during or before an attack), action plan to know when to take medications, can grow out of asthma, but also can get worse |
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How are peakflow meters used in asthma management? |
A device used to measure how well a person’s asthma is under control. The device measures how quickly air flows out of the lungs. It can tell you if your airway is narrowing before you have an asthma attack |
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) |
a nonreversible lung disease that is a combination of emphysema and chronic bronchitis |
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Symptoms |
shortness of breath (dyspnea) |
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Causes |
smoking cigarettes, AAT protein deficiency, long term exposure to air pollution, having asthma |
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Treatment |
quit smoking and avoid second hand smoke, medications, lung therapy (nasal cannula and oxygen tank), surgery not very common (lung volume reduction, bullectomy, lung transplant) |
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Psychosocial/vocational issues |
stereotypes (stop smoking, get up and exercise, why don’t you do something about it), sick lungs don’t show (no physical signs,until they exercise, walk around or wear an oxygen mask), don’t want to been seen as lazy, depressed and hopeless that they won’t get better, stress of who’s paying their bills and taking care of their house. Families feel: don’t appreciate how bad COPD is, disappointed the person with COPD let this happen to them |
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What are non-small cell and small-cell lung cancer? |
Non-small cell and small cell lung cancer are based on how the cell looks under a microscope. It’s usually one of three sub-types: Squamous cell carcinoma |
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How does smoking cause lung diseases like COPDand lung cancer? |
· It stiffens the air sacs · Degradation of wall between air sacs · Thickening and inflammation of air pathways · Increasing mucus in the air pathways causing buildup and air obstruction · All of the abnormal irritation causes COPD |
