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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Abraham
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prophet; father of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam; patriarch who migrated from Mesopotamia to Palestine
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Exodus
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the Hebrews' escape from enslavement in Egypt, led by Moses
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Covenant
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a promise/contract; God's promise of the holy land of Canaan to the Israelites and specifically Abraham
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Yahweh
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the God of the Jewish people; creator of the world and everything in it
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Talmud
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the Jewish book of laws, by Jewish scholars (not to be confused with Torah)
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Hebrews/Israelites
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a Semetic-speaking, monotheistic people with a very traditional and unique culture
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Moses
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a Jewish man who led the exodus out of Egypt
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10 Commandments
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the law of Judaism and Christianity; 10 guidelines for one's way of life; restrictions
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King David
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the king who reunited the Israelites
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King Solomon
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David's son; expanded political and military establishments and trading activities of Israel; built the Temple at Jerusalem
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Temple at Jerusalem
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a temple built by Solomon in Jerusalem; a symbolic center of the Jewish religion and hence Israel itself
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Ten Lost Tribes
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the tribes of Israel who were overrun by Assyrians and deported to different parts of the Assyrian Empire
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Canaan
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the Promised Land; land promised to the Hebrews in the covenant between God and Abraham
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Palestine
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the general region of the Levant with the Mediterranean to the west and the Jordan River and Syria to the east
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Judah
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the southeastern portion of Palestine; a state resulting from the split of Greater Israel after Solomon's death
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Israel
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a united kingdom established by Hebrew tribes; the central portion of Palestine; state resulting from the split of Greater Israel
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Torah
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the body of law in Hebrew scripture; the first five books of the Christian bible
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Ethical world view
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a concern for all humanity embraced by prophets
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Babylonian Captivity
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when many people from Judah were deported to Babylon by the Chaldeans and held there
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Diaspora
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scattering of Jews throughout the ancient world after the Babylonian Captivity in the 6th century BCE
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Augustus
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a Roman emperor who opposed all religions other than Rome's state religion (mythology)
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Judaea
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a province placed under direction of a Roman procurator; once the old Jewish lands of Judah
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Jesus
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the Messiah (annointed one); a Palestinian Jew who was prophesized in the Hebrew faith; believed by Christians to be the Son of God
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Sermon on the Mount
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a famous sermon by Jesus presenting ethical concepts that would form the basis for the value system
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Resurrection
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the idea that Jesus was crucified to save humanity from sin and came back to life after 3 days
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Peter
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founder of the Roman-Catholic Christian Church; one of Jesus' disciples
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Paul of Tarsus
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important figure who founded Christian communities throughout Asia Minor and along the shores of the Aegean
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Conversion of Gentiles
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When Gentiles began to accept Paul's teachings of Christianity; the people who practice these ideas
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Constantine
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the first Christian emperor; issued the Edict of Milan, officially tolerating the existence of Christianity
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Nicean Council
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A group of religious people who wrote the Nicean Creed, a Christian doctrine
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Trinity
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the 3 parts of God; Father, Son, Holy Ghost
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Disciples
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12 helpers/followers of Jesus
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Gospels
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the 4 Christian holy books (Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John) that tell the story of Jesus' life
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Mecca
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Arabian city where Muhammad was born in 570; holy city
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Arabs
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Semetic-speaking people of SW Asia
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Muhammad
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570-632; Arab who founded Islam and united the Middle East through it
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Kabba
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central shrine in Mecca holding a large black meteorite (also called Kaaba) worshipped by Muslims
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Khadija
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high-status woman who Muhammad married
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Gabriel
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the angel who commanded Muhammad to preach in Allah's name and bestowed the Koran upon him
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Hashemites
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a clan that Muhammad was a member of, that later turned against him
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Allah
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supreme god of Islam
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Islam
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submission to Allah's will
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Yathrib
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present-day Medina; "city of the prophet;" holy city
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Hegira
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the flight of Muhammad to Medina/Yathrib
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Umma
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the first Islamic community
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"People of the Book"
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believers in a faith based on scripture; how Muslims refer to Christians and Jews
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Qur'an
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holy text of Islam; believed to be the exact words of Allah
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