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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the characteristics of Auricular hematoma?
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External ear becomes shapeless, with reddish-purple mass of blood collecting between perichondrium and cartilage.
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What is the primary TX for Auricular hematoma?
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Aspiration or incision and drainage.
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What is a complication of Auricular hematoma.
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Avascular Necrosis
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What has happened when a Tympanic membrane has a suppurative perforation.
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Pus in the middle ear, caused by otitis media has ruptured through the TM.
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A loss of hearing and tinnitus are characteristics of what HENT disorder.
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Tympanic Membrane perforation
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What does vertigo associated with TM perforation suggest?
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An associated injury to inner ear.
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If a pt with a TM perforation get water in to ear what can happen and how long could it take.
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Person may get a purulent otorrhea wich may begin in 24 - 48hrs
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What is the antibiotic of choice for a TM perforation to prevent infection?
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Pen V 250mg q6h x 7 days
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When might Tympanoplasty be indicated?
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When a TM perforation has not resolved within 2 months.
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In Tinnitus where should the focus of Tx be directed toward?
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The underlying disease.
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What are the most important things to avoid in the Tx of Tinnitus?
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Exposure to excessive noise
Ototoxic agerates Factors that may cause Cochlear damage |
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What is a complication associated with pulsatile tinnitus?
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Arterial obstruction, Anyeurism, and vascular neoplasms
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What is the db level of noise that can cause hearling loss?
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>85db
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Noise induced hearing loss occurs at what khz first, and then does what with further exposure?
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Starts a 4khz and gradually moves into the lower frequencies with further exposure.
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What is the most common epistaxis encountered?
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Bleeding from Kiesslebachs Plexus
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Define auricular hematoma and its etiology.
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Bleeding between the auricular cartilage and the perichondrium frequently follows contusions or other injuries to the auricle.
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What is the primary treatment for auricular hematoma?
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Aspiration or I&D
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Pus in the middle ear caused by OM ruptures through the TM is called?
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Suppurative perforation
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This suggests an injury to the inner ear.
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Vertigo
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Following a TM perf. what should be given to prevent infection?
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PCN V 250mg q6h x 7 days
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This type of med can be used if the ear becomes infected, but is not used prophylactically.
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Acetic Acid 2%
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What's the sig for acetic acid use on TM perf's.?
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5 gtts tid
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After how long should a patient be referred to ENT if the TM has not healed?
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2 months
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The perception of abnormal ear or head noise is called what?
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Tinnitus
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Persistent tinnitus usually indicates the presence of?
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Sensory hearing loss
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If the tinnitus is pulsatile, it is what?
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Synchronous with the heart
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Which ototoxic medications may cause tinnitus?
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Salicylates, quinine, CO, Heavy metals, aminoglycosides, diuretics, alcohol
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What is the #1 and #2 most common cause of sensory hearing loss?
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#1-Presbyacusis
#2-Noise Trauma |
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At what decibel is noise considered damaging?
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>85 db's
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Where is the most common type of epistaxis encountered?
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Kiesselbach's Plexus
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Most cases of ant. epistaxis are usually treated by?
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Direct Pressure
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If a posterior pack is utilized, what should you administer immediately?
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Ampicillin 250 mg PO q6h
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Who is usually affected with impacted foreign bodies?
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Children or mentally incompetent PT's
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Pt's with a nasal foreign body present with what Sx's?
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May be asymptomatic or may present with nasal d/c, nasal discharge/obstruction or sinusitis
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What is the cardinal symptom of a nasal obstruction?
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Unilateral purulent nasal discharge
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What is the principal DDX for a nasal foreign body?
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Tumor
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What is the most frequently fractured bone in the body?
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Nasal pyramid
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These may occur and become infected 2ndary to nasal fracture?
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Septal hematomas
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What is the primary tx for a septal hematoma?
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I&D
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What meds should be RX to a pt after it has been I&D' for a septal hematoma?
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Ampicillin or Emycin 500 mg PO TID/QID
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This is caused by a disorder characterized by recurrent prostrating vertigo, sensory hearing loss, and tinnitus, associated with generalized dilation of the membranous labyrinth?
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Meniere's Disease
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This is caused by symptom complex including hay fever, perennial allergic rhinits, characterized by by seasonal or perennial sneezing, rhinorrhea, nasal congestion pruritis, and often conjuctivitis and pharyngitis?
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Allergic Rhinitis
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Trismus and hot potato voice are sx of what?
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Peritonsillar abscess
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This is inflammation of the laryngeal mucosa due to bacteria, virus or trauma?
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Acute laryngitis
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Symptomatic relief of vertigo may be obtained with anticholinergic agents is tx of what?
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Meniere"s Disease
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What rx is for Pos. Hemorrhage?
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Ampicillin 250mg po q6h
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If the TM becomes infected what topical med can be used?
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2% acetic acid 5ggts tid
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What antibiotic is given to prevent an infection in a TM perforation?
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Pen V 250mg q6h x 7 days
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What antibiotic ointment can be applied for auricular hematoma?
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Gentamicin
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What is the antibiotic of choice for otitis media and what is the med if the person is allergic?
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Amoxicillin 20-40mg/kg/d
or Erythromycin 50mg/kg/d plus Sulfonamide 150mg/kg/d |
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What is the TX for Ludwigs Angina?
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Aqueous PCN G 300,000 u/kg/d
or if sensitivity Clindamycin 30mg/kg/d |
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What is the antibiotic of choic for Sterp Pharyngitis?
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PCN V potassium 250 qid x10 days
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What is the tx for Viral URI?
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Pseudoephedrine 30mg q4h or 120mg BID
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What is an alternattive med for Sinusitis?
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Cephalexin 250mg po bid
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What is the first choice antibiotic for sinusitis?
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Amoxicillin 250mg po tid x 10 days
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What is the antibiotic of choice for mastoiditis?
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PCN G 1 mill unit IV q6h
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What antibiotic is given to someone with a septal hematoma?
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Ampicillin or Erythromycin 500mg po tid or qid
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If cellulitis is present and extends beyond the ear canal what antibiotic is indicated?
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PCN G 250mg q6 x 7 days
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External otitis media also responds to altering the canal ph with what?
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2% Acetic acid 5ggts tid x 7 days
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In pt. c otitis media alternative useful in resistant cases are what?
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Cefaclor 20-40mg/kg/d
Amoxicillin clavulanate 20-40mg/kg/d |