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23 Cards in this Set

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Platelets
aka =
thrombocytes
aka =
Platelets
Platelets

Megakaryocytes are a =
Polypoid

MK produces =

- Life span =
4,000 platelets

10 days
Platelets contain granules filled with =
2ct
clotting proteins
cytokines

Activated when =
blood vessel wall is damaged
blood vessel wall is damaged
Plasma proteins
2ct
Transport proteins
immunoglobulins
Albumin

Main functions
2ct
Albumin transporter


Albumin buffers
pH,
maintains osmotic pressure.
hormones
fatty acids,
metal ions
others
Albumin

Main features
- Produced in the liver.
- 609 amino acids with a molecular mass of ca. 67 kDa.
- Most abundant in the blood: It constitutes 50% of serum proteins.
No glycosylation
normal range for an adult: 3.5-5.0 g/dL
immunoglobulin

Main functions
Used by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects such as bacteria and viruses.
immunoglobulin

Main features
Produced by plasma cells in the bone marrow.
H chain determines the class of immunoglobulin: IgG (γ), IgA (α), IgM (μ), IgD (δ) and IgE (ε).
Light chains are of two types: κ and λ
IgG is the most common immunoglobulin that protects tissue space and freely crosses placenta
immunoglobulin

Monoclonal immunoglobulins

...................(BAD)....................
- Produced by a single B cell.
- They often arise from benign or malignant transformation of B cells.
- Associated with diverse malignant pathologies such as myeloma and Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia.
- Also associated with more benign transformation (monoclonal gammapathies of uncertain significance (MGUS).
Monoclonal immunoglobulins

Produced by
B cells

- They often arise from =

- Associated with diverse =
benign or malignant transformation of B cells.

malignant pathologies
-myeloma
waldenstroms-macroglobulinemia

- benign transformation (monoclonal gammapathies of uncertain significance (MGUS)
Monoclonal immunoglobulins
are associated with
- benign transformations...
(MGUS) =
(monoclonal gammapathies of uncertain significance
(MGUS)
C-reactive protein
Main feature
- Produced in the liver in response to factors released by macrophages and fat cells (adipocytes).

- It is a member of the pentraxin family of proteins.

- a sensitive marker for bacterial infection
myeloma
and
Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia.

Are a =
Monoclonal immunoglobulins
(MGUS)

Comes from =
Monoclonal immunoglobulins
immunoglobulins
Produced by ___ ___ in the bone marrow.
plasma cells

On the plasma cell' ___ chain?
H Chain
immunoglobulins
produced on plasma cells on the
Light Chains

Light chains there are of two types:
κ and λ
kappa (κ)
lambda (λ).

most common immunoglobulin that protects tissue space and freely crosses placenta =
IgG
T/F

IgG
freely crosses placenta =
True
class of immunoglobulins:
Nm them =

Light chains are of two types: κ and λ
IgG is the most common immunoglobulin that protects tissue space and freely crosses placenta
IgG (γ)
..IgA (α)
....IgM (μ)
......IgD (δ)
........IgE (ε)
heavy chain
2 Types of =
Fab =

Fc =

confers biological activity such as
phagocytosis of microorganisms,
lysis,
clumping of organisms together).
Fab
(Antigen-binding region)

Fc
(Constant region)
Reference Plasma cells & their chains:

Amino Acid sequence determines the type of =
heavy chains

heavy chains define the ____ of "Ig"
isotype
Heavy chains define the _____ of
Ig.
isotype
Amino Acid sequence determines the type of heavy chains and heavy chains define the isotype of Ig.
Immunoglobulin ____ heavy chains:
G gamma (heavy chains,)
IgA has α alpha
IgM has μ mu
IgD has δ delta
IgE has ε epsilon

light chains are either 2 types=
κ kappa light chains
or
λ lambda light chains,

either of which may be found on any Ig molecule, regardless of isotype.
T/F
Light Chains (2 types)
may be found on any Ig molecule, regardless of isotype =
T