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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Liver
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main metabolic organ
largest compound gland. main metabolic organ largest compound gland. Parenchyma Stroma |
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Liver
Parenchyma has what kind of cells . |
epithelial cells of endodermal origin.
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Liver
The liver possesses very little connective tissue, explaining its softness and pliability and its susceptibility to |
tearing when abdomen is traumatized.
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Liver
outer surface is |
dense fibroconnective tissue capsule (Glisson's capsule) that becomes thicker at the hilum,
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Liver
Over a great area, the capsule is covered by |
peritoneum
except at the |
bare area
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Liver
Within the lobule, there is a fine meshwork of = |
reticular and collagenous fibers around the sinusoids and within the perisinusoidal spaces
no fibroblasts. |
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Liver
The fibers are synthesized by |
sinus lining cells and the pericytes of the perisinusoidal spaces.
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Blood is supplied to the liver by
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portal vein
hepatic artery |
75% to 80%
20% to 25% |
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hepatic artery
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a branch of the celiac trunk
interlobar artery and interlobular artery portal space |
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portal vein
transports blood from the |
transports blood from the
digestive tract spleen pancreas |
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The structural and functional unit of the liver is
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Hepatic lobule
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sinusoidal blood containing a mixture of blood supplied by branches of the
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blood supplied by branches of the portal vein and the hepatic artery.
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Branches of the hepatic artery and portal vein, together with a bile duct, form the classic portal triad found in the
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portal space surrounding the hexagonal-shaped hepatic lobule.
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Bile flows in the =
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opposite direction to the blood.
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Bile flows from the bile canaliculi into periportal bile ductules
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canals of Hering
then into the = |
bile ducts
or ductules |
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Bile ductules converge at the
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intrahepatic bile ducts.
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Portal Canal
The largest structure in a portal canal usually is |
portal vein
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Portal Canal
The smallest is the artery or arteriole, branch of |
hepatic artery
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bile duct is intermediate in size and recognized by its lining of cubical epithelial cells
info + |
Lymphatic vessels may be present along with triad and appear slit-like spaces lined by endothelium
info |
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the classic concept
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hepatic lobule, based on structural parameters
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portal lobule concept
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bile drainage pathway from adjacent lobules toward the same bile duct
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liver acinus concept
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gradient distribution of oxygen along the venous sinusoids of adjacent lobules.
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.Functional view of the hepatic lobule
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.There are three conceptual interpretations of the architecture of the liver lobule:
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The classic hepatic lobule is described as a
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polyhedral structure
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In the portal lobule, the _______ ______
is the central axis, draining bile from the surrounding hepatic parenchyma. |
portal triad
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Zone I
Zone III Zone II |
richest in oxygen and nutrients.
closer to the central vein, is oxygen-poor. is intermediate in oxygen and nutrients. |
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the liver acinus concept is convenient for understanding =
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liver regeneration patterns, liver metabolic activities, and the development of cirrhosis
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Acinar zone 1
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Closest to arterioles.
Most oxygenated. Functions: = |
Oxidative energy metabolism
Gluco(neo)genesis (glucose output) Lipolysis Urea synthesis from amino acids Conjugation with glutathione sulfate, glucuronic acid Regeneration |
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Acinar zone 3
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Most distant from arterioles.
Least oxygenated Functions: = |
NAD(P)H generation
Glycolysis (glucose uptake) Liponeogenesis Bile acid synthesis Urea synthesis from ammonia Cytochrome P450-dependent biotransformation |
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The hepatocyte is the functional
______ & ________ cell of the hepatic lobule. |
exocrine and endocrine
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