Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
|
Psychology
The scientific and empirical study of: |
human BEHAVIOR (observable)
and MENTAL PROCESSES (non-observable). |
|
|
|
Empirical
|
to record or observe something with one or more of the five senses.
|
|
|
|
What Are Non-observable Mental Processes?
|
Emotions, feelings, motivations.
Attitudes, perceptions, personality. Other cognitive happenings: thoughts, perception, learning, beliefs, planning, memory, language, creativity, IQ. |
|
|
|
The psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning =
|
cognitive
|
|
|
|
cognitive
|
The psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning
|
|
|
|
Perspectives on Psychological Disorders
|
-Defining Psychological Disorders
Understanding Psychological Disorders - Classifying Psychological Disorders - Treating Psychological Disorders |
|
|
|
***
Defining Psychological Disorders Mental health workers view psychological disorders as |
persistently harmful thoughts,
feelings, and actions. 3 D-s |
When behavior is
-deviant, -distressful, -dysfunctional psychiatrists and psychologists label it as disordered |
|
|
Deviant behaviour
(going naked) in one culture may be considered normal, while in others it may |
lead to arrest.
|
|
|
|
2. Deviant behaviour must
accompany . |
distress
|
|
|
|
3. If a behaviour is
dysfunctional it is |
clearly a disorder
|
|
|
|
Philippe Pinel____ - _____ from France, insisted that madness was not due to demonic possession, but an ailment of the mind.
|
(1745‐1826)
Who discovered it? |
Philippe Pinel
|
|
|
Psychological Disorders
Biological : |
-Genes
-Brain structure -chemistry |
|
|
|
Psychological Disorders
Psychological : |
Stress
Emotions Negative thinking Learned helplessness Lack of self control |
|
|
|
Psychological Disorders
Social : |
Role
Expectations Socio economic status |
|
|
|
The American Psychiatric Association rendered
a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders |
(DSM) to describe psychological
disorders. The most recent edition, DSM‐IV‐TR (Text Revision, 2000), describes 400 psychological disorders compared to 60 in the 1950s. |
|
|
|
DSM consists of three major components:
|
Diagnostic classification
Diagnostic criteria Descriptive text |
|
|
|
The diagnostic classification is the list of all mental disorders, classified or grouped.
|
Anxiety disorders
Mood disorders Sleep disorders Eating disorders Somatoform disorders Substance related disorders Schizophrenia |
|
|
|
Classification of psychological disorders
|
Cognitive disorders
Dissociative disorders Personality disorders Factitious disorders Psychosexual disorders |
|
|
|
Diagnostic criteria
For each disorder there is a set of |
Inclusion criteria
( what symptoms must be present and for how long, in order to qualify for a diagnosis) Exclusion criteria (symptoms that must not be present) |
|
|
|
Multiaxial Classification
|
Axis I – is a Clinical Syndrome (cognitive, anxiety, mood disorders [16 syndromes]) present?
Axis II - Is a Personality Disorder or developmental disorder (Down’s syndrome) present? Axis III – is a General Medical Condition (diabetes , hypertension) also present? Axis IV – are psychosocial and environmental (school or housing issues are also present?) Axis V – what is the Global Assessment of the persons functioning? |
|
|
|
16 syndromes in Axis I
|
.
|
|
|
|
Modern treatment methods
|
Psychotherapy
Drug therapy Electroconvulsive therapy |
|
|
|
Study of abnormal behavior
According to DSM, behaviors must be considered abnormal if they are associated with |
disability,
personal distress, violation of social norms or dysfunctional |
|
|
|
Cognitive psychology
|
Studies cognition (i.e.) mental processing of information
Studies aspects like perception, learning, problem solving, memory, attention, language and emotion |
|
|
|
Developmental psychology
|
To understand how people come to perceive, understand and act at different stages of development and how these processes change as they age
|
|
|
|
GAF
Global Assessment of Function = |
91`-100 Normo
81-90 minimal 71-80 Transit |
|
|
|
Study of how people differ
Identify the factors that cause one person to think, feel and behave differently from another person within a given situation |
Personality psychology
|
|
|
|
Personality psychology
|
Study of how people differ
Identify the factors that cause one person to think, feel and behave differently from another person within a given situation |
|
|
|
School / educational psychology
|
Study of learning and the conditions under which it happens the best
|
|
