Mcphs Menstrual Disorders

Front 1

At which tanner stage does menses begin?

Back 1

stage III

Front 2

Failure of menstruation/development by age 14 yrs is called what?

Back 2

primary amenorrhea

Front 3

Cessation of menses after menstruation established for 6 months or 3 cycles is called what?

Back 3

secondary amenorrhea

Front 4

Diminished menstruation with 2-3 month cycles is called what?

Back 4

oligomenorrhea

Front 5

Menarche requires what hormones?

Back 5

GnRH, FSH, LH, estrogen, progesterone

Front 6

Hypogonadism may be caused by what genetic abnormalities?

Back 6

gonadal dysgenesis, turners syndrome (45XO), mosaicism, sawyers syndrome (46XY)

Front 7

What could cause abnormal development of 2nd sex characteristics in primary amenorrhea?

Back 7

hypogonadism, hypogonadotropism

Front 8

What hormones should be checked in amorrhea with immature secondary characteristics?

Back 8

FSH (low= hypogonadism, high= gonadal dysgenesis, turners)

Front 9

What syndrome presents with webbed neck, coarction of aorta, high arched palate, shield like chest, high FSH/LH?

Back 9

Turners

Front 10

What is the treatment for turners syndrome?

Back 10

hormone replacement therapy

Front 11

What condition causes ambiguous genitalia, hypertension and hypokalemia?

Back 11

17-hydroxylase deficiency syndrome

Front 12

What are the 2 causes of 17 hydroxylase deficiency?

Back 12

mutation in cytP450, deficiency of steroid C-17a hydroxylase

Front 13

What could cause primary amenorrhea with normal development of secondary sex characteristics?

Back 13

pregnancy, mullerian anomaly, androgen insensitivity

Front 14

What are 3 mullerian anomalies?

Back 14

mullerian agenesis, imperforate hymen, transverse vaginal septum

Front 15

What disorder is 46XX and has absent uterus/upper vagina, with normal ovaries?

Back 15

mayer-rokitansky-kuster-hauser syndrome

Front 16

What condition is 46XY, has normal breasts, no sexual hair, absent uterus and upper vagina and high testosterone?

Back 16

androgen insensitivity

Front 17

How do you treat primary amenorrhea?

Back 17

cyclic estrogen/progestin, remove gonadal streaks, pulsatile GnRH for ovulation induction, surgical resection

Front 18

What CNS disorders cause secondary amenorrhea?

Back 18

hypothalmic anovulation, head trauma, space-occupying lesions

Front 19

What is the most common cause of anovulation in women?

Back 19

polycistic ovary syndrome

Front 20

What is a major biochemical feature in polycystic ovary syndrome?

Back 20

increased blood insulin level (leads to hyperandrogenism)

Front 21

What hormonal imbalance causes polycystic ovary syndrome?

Back 21

increased LH/FSH ratio

Front 22

What medications are used to treat polycystic ovary syndrome?

Back 22

anti-androgens and oral contraceptives (for hirsutism and alopecia),

glucocorticoids (for adrenal atrophy)

GnRH (to reduce LH)

Insulin lowering agents

Front 23

What hormone abnormalities cause premature ovarian failure?

Back 23

decreased estradiol, increased FSH

Front 24

What pathologic conditions cause premature ovarian failure?

Back 24

chromosomal abnormality, mumps, autoimmune diseases affecting the ovaries

Front 25

What causes a womans ovaries to stop working before 40?

Back 25

premature ovarian failure

Front 26

What syndrome is characterized by normal FSH and LH, have had bleeding, and have history suggestive of amenorrhea traumatica?

Back 26

ashermans syndrome

Front 27

What syndrome is caused by pituitary inability to secrete gonadotropins (decreased FSH, LH)?

Back 27

sheehans syndrome

Front 28

What syndrome with a decreased BMI causes primary and secondary amenorrhea?

Back 28

anorexia nervosa

Front 29

What condition common in athletes has abnormal pulsatile GnRH and decreased LH?

Back 29

exercise associated amenorrhea

Front 30

Contraception related amenorrhea is caused by what drug?

Back 30

depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate

Front 31

-What test checks for end organ function, and looks for withdrawal bleed occurs?

Back 31

progestogen and estrogen/progestogen challenge test

Front 32

What type of dysmenorrheal is when cramps are not related to causes like endometriosis or pelvic diseases?

Back 32

primary dysmenorrheal

Front 33

Dysmenorrhea is caused by what chemicals from the endometrium and pituitary?

Back 33

prostaglandins, vasopressin

Front 34

What is the generic name for PGF-2 alpha and is used for induction of abortion?

Back 34

dinoprost

Front 35

What is the mainstay of therapy for dysmenorrheal?

Back 35

oral contraceptives

Front 36

Worsening of PMS symptoms in psychiatric pts is called what?

Back 36

premenstrual magnification

Front 37

What is the differential diagnosis to PMS?

Back 37

pre menstrual disphoric disorder

Front 38

What are the symptoms in PMS?

Back 38

mild psych discomfort, bloating, wt gain, breast tenderness, swelling of hands and feet, aches and pains, poor concentration, sleep disturbance, change in appetite

Front 39

What are the core symptoms of PMDD?

Back 39

depressed mood/dysphoria, anxiety or tension, affective lability, irritability,

Front 40

What are non core symptoms of pmdd?

Back 40

decreased interest in usual activities, concentration difficulties, marked lack of energy, change in appetite, hypersomnia/insomnia, feeling overwhelmed

Front 41

What is needed for diagnosis of PMDD?

Back 41

-five symptoms with one being a core symptom, present a week before menses and remits a few days after menses ends

Front 42

What is used for treatment of PMS?

Back 42

-oral contraceptives, vit. B6, bromocriptine, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, synthetic progestational agents, spironolactone, massage therapy, chiropractic treatment, calcium, xanax, prozac,