Mccurdy World History Ch. 16 The Rise Of Totalitarianism

Front 1

Shattered a sense of optimism which had grown in the West since the Enlightenment.

Back 1

World War I

Front 2

New technologies connected people around the world and created a ________ shared by the World's developed countries.

Back 2

mass culture

Front 3

African Americans combined Western harmonies with African rhythms to create____.

Back 3

Jazz

Front 4

Another name for the "Roaring Twenties" in the U.S.

Back 4

Jazz Age

Front 5

During the 1920s many young people who had been disillusioned by the war rejected the moral values of the __________.

Back 5

Victorian Age

Front 6

Symbol of the rebellious Jazz Age youth.

Back 6

flapper

Front 7

Nickname given to young women of the 1920s who defied convention and broke norms.

Back 7

flapper

Front 8

New technologies and attitudes of the 1920s allowed some women to be emancipated from traditional roles and to pursue ________.

Back 8

careers

Front 9

The fact that many people opposed the freer lifestyle of the Jazz age was demonstrated by _______.

Back 9

Prohibition

Front 10

Outlawed the production and sale of alcohol in the U.S.

Back 10

Prohibition (18th Amendment)

Front 11

Caused an explosion of organized crime in the U.S.

Back 11

Prohibition

Front 12

Illegal bars.

Back 12

Speakeasies

Front 13

Christian movement in the U.S. in the 1900s which stressed a more literal interpretation of the bible.

Back 13

fundamentalism

Front 14

Brought national attention to the theory and teaching of evolution.

Back 14

Scopes Trial

Front 15

Young adults in Europe and America in general, and writers in particular, who had become disillusioned with the world and Western values after World War I.

Back 15

the Lost Generation

Front 16

Cultural movement where African American artists and writers explored and expressed pride in their unique culture.

Back 16

Harlem Renaissance

Front 17

Her findings and the findings of others proved that atoms were not solid and indivisible.

Back 17

Marie Curie

Front 18

Measurements of space and time are not absolute but are determined by the relative position of the observer.

Back 18

Theory of Relativity

Front 19

Developed the theory of relativity.

Back 19

Albert Einstein

Front 20

Discovered that atoms could be split.

Back 20

Enrico Fermi

Front 21

His discovery of penicillin paved the way for the development of antibiotics to treat infections.

Back 21

Alexander Fleming

Front 22

View that the subconscious mind drives much of behavior.

Back 22

Psychoanalysis

Front 23

Founder of Psychoanalysis.

Back 23

Sigmund Freud

Front 24

Abstract, dada, & surrealism were all artistic movements which broke from traditional styles and an effort to __________.

Back 24

reproduce the real world

Front 25

Attempted to portray the workings of the unconscious mind.

Back 25

surrealism

Front 26

Largely responsible for the rise of authoritarian dictators in Europe following WWI.

Back 26

failures of the Versailles Treaty

Front 27

Had to deal with growing socialism and the Irish question after WWI.

Back 27

Great Britain

Front 28

In 1922 it was divided into two parts; the largest part became an independent state, but the Northern part remained under English rule.

Back 28

Ireland

Front 29

Fought a guerrilla war against the British before 1922 and continued to fight for Irish unification after 1922.

Back 29

Irish Republican Army

Front 30

After WWI political parties here competed for power causing many changes in government.

Back 30

France

Front 31

In the U.S. fear of radicals and the Bolshevik Revolution resulted in police rounding up suspected foreign-born radicals, and expelling a number from the country.

Back 31

Red Scare

Front 32

French Fortifications against Germany.

Back 32

Maginot Line

Front 33

In 1925 Germany and France promised they would never again make war against each other

Back 33

Locarno Pact

Front 34

Almost every nation of the world agreed to renounce war as an instrument of national policy

Back 34

Kellogg-Briand peace pact

Front 35

The Kellogg-Briand peace pact was NOT ____

Back 35

enforceable

Front 36

Attempts at making and ensuring peace among European nations in the 1920s. (including the Kellogg-Briand peace pact)

Back 36

Spirit of Locarno

Front 37

In the spirit of Locarno the great powers pursued _______.

Back 37

disarmament

Front 38

It was unable to stop aggression, a weakness noted by dictators.

Back 38

League of Nations

Front 39

Owed huge war debts to the U.S. after World War I.

Back 39

Britain & France

Front 40

In Great Britain in 1926 over three million workers went on a ________.

Back 40

general strike

Front 41

Enjoyed an economic boom in the 1920s.

Back 41

U.S.

Front 42

Overproduction and a crisis in finance in the U.S. led to the _______.

Back 42

Stock Market Crash

Front 43

Triggered a depression in the U.S. that spread world wide

Back 43

Stock Market Crash

Front 44

Programs introduced by Franklin Roosevelt in an attempt to end the Great Depression.

Back 44

New Deal

Front 45

Created a fertile ground for extremists who promised radical solutions.

Back 45

Great Depression

Front 46

Caused many people to lose faith in democracy.

Back 46

Great Depression

Front 47

First European country to become fascist.

Back 47

Italy

Front 48

Fascist dictator of Italy.

Back 48

Benito Mussolini

Front 49

Believed workers of all countries should unite in a class struggle

Back 49

communists

Front 50

Feared high inflation and or high unemployment might lead to a communist revolution

Back 50

middle and upper class

Front 51

Have the most to lose in a communist revolution

Back 51

middle and upper class

Front 52

Middle and upper classes supported Mussolini because they feared a ______-

Back 52

communist revolution

Front 53

Won support in Italy by attacking communists

Back 53

Benito Mussolini

Front 54

Nickname for Mussolini's private troops he used to take power in Italy

Back 54

Black shirts

Front 55

Mussolini and his Black shirts marched on Rome in _______ (year)

Back 55

1922

Front 56

When Mussolini marched on Rome the Italian King asked him to form a government as ______.

Back 56

Prime Minister

Front 57

After Mussolini was named Prime Minister he used secret police and propaganda to ______-

Back 57

eliminate all opposition

Front 58

Extreme Nationalism, State supremacy, one party rule, retention of private property

Back 58

Fascism

Front 59

Want a planned economy with private ownership of the means of production

Back 59

Fascists

Front 60

Want a planned economy with public ownership of the means of production

Back 60

Communists

Front 61

Want to maintain the class system with an authoritarian government

Back 61

Fascists

Front 62

Want to do away with the class system with an authoritarian government.

Back 62

Communists

Front 63

Fascists believed the state should have an ______ leader

Back 63

authoritarian

Front 64

Both Fascists and Communists believe in

Back 64

Dictatorial one-party rule

Front 65

Under Fascism and Communism opposition was _____-

Back 65

outlawed'

Front 66

In Mussolini's new system loyalty to the state replaced ______.

Back 66

individual goals

Front 67

Mussolini brought the economy under state control but preserved _____.

Back 67

capitalism

Front 68

Mussolini's fascist government was the first _________.

Back 68

totalitarian state

Front 69

A one-party dictatorship attempts to control every aspect of citizens' lives.

Back 69

totalitarian state

Front 70

Under Joseph Stalin, the Soviet Union developed into a _________.

Back 70

totalitarian state

Front 71

In the Soviet Union the government made most economic decisions.

Back 71

command economy

Front 72

Stalin wanted all peasants to farm on state owned farms.

Back 72

collectives

Front 73

Because farmers resisted collectivization Stalin seized all their grain and left peasants to starve.

Back 73

Terror Famine

Front 74

Fearing rival party leaders were plotting against him Stalin launched the _________.

Back 74

Great Purge

Front 75

Resulted in the killing or imprisonment of at least four million people in the Soviet Union.

Back 75

Great Purge

Front 76

Stalin's attempt to make non-Russian cultures in the Soviet Union more Russian.

Back 76

russification

Front 77

The communist party in Russia attempted to destroy the religious faith of the people to reinforce the official communist belief of ____.

Back 77

atheism

Front 78

Soviet leaders had two conflicting _________.

Back 78

foreign policy goals

Front 79

Soviets worked to spread worldwide communist revolution through the _______.

Back 79

Comintern

Front 80

At the same time they supported worldwide communist revolution the Soviets also wanted to strengthen their national security through the ______.

Back 80

support of other countries

Front 81

Did not completely destroy Germany but created a motive for revenge.

Back 81

Versailles Treaty

Front 82

Germany's solution to war reparations following WWI.

Back 82

Printing money

Front 83

Just printing money resulted in extremely high _______.

Back 83

inflation

Front 84

Economic problem in Germany from 1918-23.

Back 84

inflation

Front 85

Democratic Government set up in Germany after WWI.

Back 85

Weimar Republic

Front 86

Became a scapegoat for Germany's problems after WWI.

Back 86

Weimar Republic

Front 87

Germans blamed the Weimar Republic for their __________.

Back 87

defeat in World War I

Front 88

Was doomed to failure by the harshness of the Versailles Treaty.

Back 88

Weimar Republic

Front 89

Came out of WWI stronger than before. (countries)

Back 89

U.S. & Japan

Front 90

World War I resulted in the rise of unstable _________.

Back 90

democracies

Front 91

When difficulties arise people are often willing to sacrifice democracy in exchange for _________.

Back 91

strong leadership

Front 92

Avoiding political ties to other countries.

Back 92

isolationism

Front 93

After World War I Americans became ____.

Back 93

isolationists

Front 94

By the autumn of 1923 it was worthless

Back 94

German Mark (unit of currency)

Front 95

Enabled Germany to recover from its tremendous inflation

Back 95

Dawes Plan

Front 96

$200 million loan from American banks to stabilize German economy.

Back 96

Dawes Plan

Front 97

National Socialist German Worker's Party

Back 97

Nazi

Front 98

Became the fuehrer (leader) of the Nazi Party.

Back 98

Adolf Hitler

Front 99

Attempted a coup in Munich in 1923

Back 99

Adolf Hitler

Front 100

After the attempted coup in 1923 Hitler was

Back 100

Imprisoned

Front 101

While in prison Hitler wrote ______-

Back 101

Mein Kampf

Front 102

Set forth Hitler's objectives for Germany

Back 102

Mein Kampf

Front 103

Nazism was a form of ______

Back 103

Fascism

Front 104

Lost popularity during the prosperity of the 1920s

Back 104

Nazis

Front 105

Results in both Communists and Nazis gaining popularity in the 1930s

Back 105

Great Depression

Front 106

Because of the depression Germans began to feel they had to choose between _______

Back 106

Communism and Nazism

Front 107

Nazi private army

Back 107

Storm Troopers

Front 108

Engaged in terrorism to help the Nazis come to power

Back 108

Storm Troopers

Front 109

Nickname for the Nazi Storm Troopers

Back 109

Brown Shirts

Front 110

German initials for Storm Troopers

Back 110

SA

Front 111

Industrialists, upper class and the middle class backed Hitler because they feared they might lose everything to a ______

Back 111

communist revolution

Front 112

Ruling body under the Weimar Republic.

Back 112

Reichstag

Front 113

In 1933 President Hindenburg named Hitler

Back 113

Chancellor

Front 114

As Chancellor Hitler called for new______

Back 114

Reichstag elections

Front 115

Enabled the Nazis and their allies to win a majority of seats in the Reichstag.

Back 115

Reichstag Fire

Front 116

The Nazis blamed the Reichstag fire on the _____

Back 116

Communists

Front 117

After gaining a two-third majority the Nazi's passed the ______-

Back 117

Enabling Act

Front 118

The Enabling Act made Hitler the ______

Back 118

Dictator of Germany

Front 119

Dreaded elite corps of Nazi Germany

Back 119

SS

Front 120

Hitler's secret police.

Back 120

Gestapo

Front 121

Used by Hitler to eliminate opposition

Back 121

Gestapo

Front 122

The Gestapo was part of the ______

Back 122

SS

Front 123

Nickname for the SS

Back 123

Black shirts

Front 124

Head of the SS and the Gestapo

Back 124

Heinrich Himmler

Front 125

Nazi propaganda chief

Back 125

Joseph Goebbels

Front 126

Deprived Jews of German citizenship and political rights (1935)

Back 126

Nuremburg Laws

Front 127

Individuals are subordinate to the state but private property is retained

Back 127

Fascism

Front 128

German Fascism

Back 128

Nazism

Front 129

Fear of communism, resentment of Jews, resentment of the Treaty of Versailles, and the depression, helped _________

Back 129

Hitler rise

Front 130

Fascists generally believe in a superior____

Back 130

race

Front 131

Won support by offering simple solutions to complex problems

Back 131

Dictators

Front 132

Hoped to solve their nation's economic problems by building a Pacific empire

Back 132

Japanese Militarists

Front 133

In 1937 Japan went to war against ______

Back 133

China

Front 134

In 1936 Italy conquered

Back 134

Ethiopia

Front 135

Making concessions to avoid war.

Back 135

Appeasement

Front 136

When Hitler first began to violate the Treaty of Versailles, Britain and France followed a policy of _______.

Back 136

Appeasement

Front 137

Hitler began to violate it provisions step by step.

Back 137

Versailles Treaty

Front 138

First violation of the Versailles Treaty.

Back 138

German Rearmament

Front 139

After Hitler rearmed his second violation of the Versailles Treaty was to occupy the demilitarized zone of the _______.

Back 139

Rhineland

Front 140

Hitler annexed Austria with _______.

Back 140

no resistance

Front 141

Britain & France give up the Sudetenland in Czechoslovakia to maintain peace.

Back 141

Munich Pact

Front 142

Germany, Italy, and Japan (1936)

Back 142

Axis Powers