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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define period.
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The time required to complete one cycle.
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Define frequency.
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The number of cycles of motion per second.
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How is frequency related to period?
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f=1/T
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What is the equation for the elastic potential energy of a spring?
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PE = 1/2kx^2
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Define angular frequency.
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The frequency at which object of mass m vibrates on a spring.
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What is the angular frequency for a spring?
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2pi/T=2pif=(k/m)^1/2
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What is the angular frequency for a pendulum?
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2pif=(g/L)^1/2
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What is the equation for the velocity of an electromagnetic wave?
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v=f*wavelength
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Are electromagnetic wavse transverse or longitudinal? Can they travel through vacuums?
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Transverse, yes.
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In what order does visible light increase in frequency?
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ROYGBIV
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How would you physically measure a wavelength given it's graph?
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Measure crest to crest or trough to trough
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What is the conversion ratio for degrees to radians?
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360º=2pi radians
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How many degrees are in one complete cycle? Radians?
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360º, 2pi rads
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If a wave is 90º out of phase, how far apart are the waves from one another?
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One wave is 1/4 wavelength ahead of the other
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If a wave is 180º out of phase, how far apart are the waves from one another?
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One wave is 1/2 a wavelength ahead of the other
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When would constructive interference occur? What does this result in?
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When two crests meet at the same point in space; this results in a sum of the individual amplitudes
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When would destructive interference occur? What does this result in?
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When a crest and a trough meet at the same ponit in space; this results in the amplitude of the resultive wave being the difference of the individual amplitudes.
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What is the charge of an electron?
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1.60E-19 C
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Define electric field.
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The electric field is the electrostatic force experienced by a charge and is = F/q
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What is the equation for determing the electric field produced by a charge?
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E=kq/r^2
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What do the arrows on electric field lines represent?
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The direction in which a positive charge would move if placed there. Remember that positive charges are sources of electric field lines whereas negative charges are sinks.
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Define electric potential. What are its units?
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Electric potential as a given point is the electric potential of a charge situated at that point divided by the charge itself: V=EP/q
Units: Joule/Coulomb=Volt |
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What is the equation for the potential set up by a charge?
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V=kq/r
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What characteristics does series wiring display?
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Same electric current runs through each device.
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What characteristics does parallel wiring display?
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Same voltage is applied across each device.
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What is the equation for determining the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor?
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C=e0A/d
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What conditions must be met in order for a charge to experience a magnetic force once placed in a magnetic field?
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The charge must be moving AND the velocity of the charge must have a component that is perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field.
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Derive the SI units of tesla.
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Well, if F=qvBsin(theta)
then B = F/(gvBsin(theta) so tesla must be equal to Newton-seconds/Coulomb-meters |
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Describe the direction of the magnetic force to the velocity of a moving charge.
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Perpendicular
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Describe the direction of the magnetic force to the magnetic field.
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Perpendicular
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How is it possible that a constant magnetic field does no work on a moving charged particle?
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The magnetic force always acts perpendicular to the motion of the charge thus
W=Fdcos(theta) cos(90) = 0 WORK = O :( |
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What is the equation for determing the radius of a charged particle's circular path when moving in a uniform magnetic field?
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Fc=mv^2/r=qvB
r=mv/qB |
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What is the equation for a magnetic field produced by a long, straight, current-carrying wire?
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B=mewnaughtI/2piR
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What is the equation for a magnetic field produced at the center of a current-carrying wire loop?
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B=mewnaughtI/2r
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What is the equation that relates internal energy to temperature?
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U=3/2nRT
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Is sound a transverse or longitudinal wave or a longitudinal wave? Can is travel through a vacuum?
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Longitudinal; no.
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In what mediums does sound travel quickest through?
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Solid>Liquid>Gas
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Define intensity.
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The power of sound transported per unit area (I=P/A)
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What is the equation for sound level?
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Sound level (Beta)=10*log (Intensity/Intensity naught)
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How does a beat occur?
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When two waves with nearly equal frequency are superimposed and add together
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What is the equation for determining the frequency of a beat?
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f(beat)=|f1-f2|
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Describe the Doppler Effect.
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When a source emitting sound and a detector of that sound are moving relative to each other along a line joining them and the perceived frequency of sound received differs from the actual frequency emitted.
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What is the equation for determining the frequency perceived by a detector when it is moving in relative to the sound source?
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f'=f* (v+/-vd)/(v+/-vs)
where V = speed of sound in medium; Vd = speed of detector relative to medium; Vs=speed of source relative to medium Remember moving away = greater frequency (bigger number) Moving towards = smaller frequency Use to determine whether + or - signs should be used |
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How is wavelength affected by temperature?
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It isn't, but velocity of sound is directly proportional to temp^(1/2)
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What is the equation for determining the wavelength of a string fixed at both ends based on its harmonic?
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2L/n
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What is the equation for determining the wavelength of the sound passing through an open pipe based on its harmonic?
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2L/n
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What is the equation for determining the wavelength of the sound passing through a closed pipe based on its harmonic?
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4L/n; where n = odd integer
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Define electromotive force.
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The voltage across terminals of a cell where no current is floqing; it is the potential difference that causes current to flow (it is NOT a force)
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What is the equation to determine voltage when considering the effects of internal resistance?
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V = emf - ir(int)
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What is the equation for determining the resistance of a conductor?
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R=resistivity*L/A
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What is the equation for determining the electric field set up by a capacitor?
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E=V/d (d = distance of plates)
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What is the equation for determining the instantaneous current of alternating current?
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i=i(max)sing(wt)
w=angular frequency |
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How can energy be determined from power?
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E=Pt
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What is the difference between diamagnetic materials, paramagnetic materials and ferromagnetic materials?
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Dia: individual atoms have no net magnetic field; repelled from pole of strong bar magnet (weakly antimagnetic)
Para/Ferr: ind atoms have net mag field, but randomly oriented so no net B exhibited: Para: attracted to pole of strong bar magnet (weakly magnetic) Ferro: If temp below Curie Temp, B's of ind atoms aligna nd become strongly magnetic (Fe, Ni, Co)--have N ans S poles where N poles is an exit, and S pole is a sink; if above Tcurie, becomes paramagnetic. |
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Describe the first law of thermodynamics in the form of an equation.
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DeltaU=Q-W
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How does the first law of thermodynamics change in adiabatic, isovolumetric, and closed cycle events?
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Adiabatic (deltaQ=0):
deltaU=-W Isovolumetric (W=0): deltaU=Q Closed cycle (deltaU=0): Q=W |
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What is the equation used to determine entropy?
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DeltaS=Q/T
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