Mcat Orgo Lecture R

Front 1

alkanes: longer chain =

Back 1

more dense, higher MP, higher BP

Front 2

alkanes are less reactive than even

Back 2

ethers

Front 3

stronger intermolclr forces =

Back 3

higher BP

Front 4

most stable chair conformation occurs when the substituents are in

Back 4

the *equatorial* position

Front 5

concentrated, hot acid provides

Back 5

dehydration

Front 6

lower heat of hydration =

Back 6

more stable

Front 7

**only the concentration of the ______ determines the rate of SN1

Back 7

electrophile

Front 8

diol + ketone =

Back 8

ketal

Front 9

*only tertiary species react via SN1

Back 9

primary and secondary are via SN2

Front 10

closer to the EN atom =

Back 10

shifted more downfield

Front 11

vinyl =

Back 11

CH2 = CH -

Front 12

nucleophiles attack alpha, beta unsaturated carbonyls at

Back 12

the Beta carbon

Front 13

alkanes don't undergo substitution

Back 13

(unrelated)

like dissolves like!

Front 14

"homolytic cleavage" ~

Back 14

formation of two radicals from a single bond

Front 15

Z configuration means

Back 15

highest priorities are on the SAME side

Front 16

hydration =

Back 16

add OH, H to a double bond

Front 17

remember, more-substituted =

Back 17

more stable

Front 18

the oxygen in ethers

Back 18

CAN H-bond

Front 19

the shorter the chain of the alcohol, the more soluble/miscible

Back 19

it is in water

Front 20

miscible =

Back 20

forms a homogenous soln in any amount w/ another solvent

Front 21

Gringard reagent -

Back 21

polar, but no acidic H

Front 22

phenyl rings =>

Back 22

stabilization

Front 23

HBr is used to replace

Back 23

OH

Front 24

shorter chain =

Back 24

greater solubility

Front 25

** aldol condensation always ends in

Back 25

=O and -OH

Front 26

the cpmd with NO alpha-hydrogen

Back 26

is the electrophile

Front 27

1,2 conjugate addition refers to addition at both carbons of the double bond

Back 27

1, 4 addition means the two sites of addition are separated by two carbons

Front 28

CA's form stronger H-bonds than

Back 28

alcohols

Front 29

**B-carbonyls =>

Back 29

decarboxylation

Front 30

anhydrides are more reactive than

Back 30

CA's

Front 31

Gringard is a STRONG

Back 31

nucleophile

Front 32

amides are more stable than

Back 32

esters

Front 33

trans is more stable than

Back 33

cis

Front 34

if a cmpd possesses a lone pair of electrons,

Back 34

it's optically inactive

Front 35

amines are basic

Back 35

the addition of EDG onto a nitrogen make it more basic,

b/c now it has greater electron density to dispense

conversely, adding an EWG makes it less basic

Front 36

the only EWG that direct ortho, para is

Back 36

the halogen group

Front 37

**when pH = pI,

Back 37

the zwitterion form predominates

Front 38

adding double bonds =>

Back 38

lower MP

Front 39

trans fatty acids have less kinks, pack better

Back 39

cis ~ kinks

Front 40

pI is greater than 7 if

Back 40

the AA is basic

Front 41

**ALL AA's in the body are

Back 41

alpha-AA's

Front 42

pH = pI at the first

Back 42

equivalence point

Front 43

at pI, ALL species are in

Back 43

zwitterion form

Front 44

at the half-eq point, the AA's are in

Back 44

half neutral, half positive forms

Front 45

**the body contains ONLY

Back 45

L - AA's

Front 46

amines are more basic than

Back 46

amides

Front 47

D, L designations

Back 47

refer to which way the hydroxy group of the highest chiral carbon is facing

Front 48

a new C=O raises

Back 48

the BP

Front 49

when you see "orientation", immediately see which one is the

Back 49

chiral center

Front 50

KH, THF is the strongest base

Back 50

that one can use as a reagent