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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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nano (n)
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10x -9
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micro (u)
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10x -6
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milli (m)
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10x -3
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centi (c)
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10x -2
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kilo (k)
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10x 3
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mega (M)
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10x 6
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kinematics
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description of motion in terms of an object's position, velocity, and acceleration
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displacement
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1. change in position
2. displacement = final position - initial position 3. vector: points from initial position to final 4. disregards path taken 5. magnitude is net distance traveled 4. |
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velocity
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1. tell us how fast an object's position changes
2. velocity = average velocity @ constant v 3. vector 4. magnitude is speed 5. velocity = speed + direction |
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average velocity
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displacement (delta s) / time (delta t)
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speed
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1. scalar
2. no direction |
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average speed
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1. NOT the magnitude of average velocity = (delta s / delta t)
2. total distance / time |
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acceleration
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1. tells us how fast an object's velocity changes
2. acceleration changes when EITHER speed or direction changes |
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True or False: Object's can accelerate if speed is constant
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True; as long as direction is changing
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average acceleration
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1. change in velocity/ time
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Scenario: ball thrown, and at the peak, v = 0. Does it accelerate at that point?
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Yes; v is changing direction (from positive to negative direction) so the object is accelerating when v = 0
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vector a in the same direction as vector v
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1. speed is increasing
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vector a perpendicular to vector v
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1. object speed constant
2. direction of vector v changing |
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vector a in opposite direction from vector v
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1. object's speed decreasing
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vector a at angle between 0 and 90 degrees to vector v
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1. objects speed increasing
2. direction of vector v is changing |
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vector a at angle between 90 and 1800 degrees to vector v
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1. object's speed is decreasing
2. direction of vector v is changing |
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uniformly accelerated motion
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1. a is constant
2. use "Big Five" equations |
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The Big Five
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(must be uniformly accelerated ie a is constant)
1. d = 0.5(v0 + v)t 2. v = v0 + at 3. d = v0t + 0.5at^2 4. d = vt - 0.5at^2 5. v^2 = v0^2 + 2ad |
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missing d, a constant
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v = v0 + at
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missing a, (a constant)
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d = 0.5(v0 + v)t
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missing v, a constant
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d = v0t + 0.5at^2
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missing v0, a constant
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d = vt - 0.5at^2
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missing t
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v^2 = v0^2 + 2ad
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position vs. time graph
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slope = velocity
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velocity vs. time graph
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1. slope = acceleration
2. area under = displacement |
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free fall
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1. object moving ONLY under influence of gravity
2. g = 10 m/s2 (if thrown UP, g= -10m/s2) 3. downward acceleration |
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projectile motion
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1. experiences both horizontal and vertical (gravity) motion
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initial velocity of projectile motion
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1. horizontal: v0x = v0 cos(u)
2. vertical: v0y = v0 sin(u) |
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once projectile launched
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1. no longer experiences horizontal acceleration (vx = v0x)
2. constant gravitational acceleration |
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projectile motion: displacement
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1. horizontal motion
x = v0xt 2. vertical motion y = v0yt + 0.5gt^2 |
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projectile motion: velocity
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1. horizontal motion
vx = v0x (constant!) ax = 0 2. vertical motion vy = v0y + gt ay = g (negative number) |
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projectile motion: acceleration
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1. horizontal motion
v0x = v0 cos(u) 2. vertical motion v0y = v0 sin(u) |
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range
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total horizontal displacement
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t in projectile motion
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time it take to get to TOP (not total time) ; must multiply t by 2 to get total time of motion
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