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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Subatomic Particles
What are the 3 major parts and their charges? |
Protons=positive charge
Neutrons=no charge Electrons=negative |
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Atomic Weights and Isotopes
Atomic Weights? |
Carbon-12 atom has a mass of 12.000
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Atomic Weights and Isotopes
Isotopes? |
Different numbers of neutrons(different mass numbers)
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Bohr's Model of the Hydrogen Atom
Quantum Theory? Planck's Constant? Frequency? |
Quantum theory- energy emitted as electromagnetic radiation from matter comes in discrete bundles called quanta. E=hf
Planck's constant(h)= 6.626x10^-34 js Frequency=sometimes V |
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Bohr's Model of the Hydrogen Atom
The Bohr Model? |
The centripetal force acting on the electron as it revolved around the nucleus was the electrical force between the positively charged proton and the negatively charged electron.
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Bohr's Model of the Hydrogen Atom
The Bohr Model Angular Momentum? |
nh/2pi
n=quantum number h=Planck's constant |
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Bohr's Model of the Hydrogen Atom
The Bohr Model Angular Momentum of Electrons? |
E=-RH/n^2
RH=experimentally determined constant, 2.18x10^18j/electrons n=quantum number |
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Bohr's Model of the Hydrogen Atom
Applications of the Bohr Model? |
Quantized=quantum theory, the energy of an electron is quantized.
Ground State=level, the electron is in its lowest energy state. |
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Bohr's Model of the Hydrogen Atom
Applications of the Bohr Model Atomic Emission Spectra? Balmer Series? Lyman Series? |
Atomic Emission Spectrum=Different distinct energy levels, each one possesses a unique atomic emission spectrum, which can be used as a fingerprint for the element.
Balmer series=The group of hydorgen emission lines corresponding to transitions from upper levels n>2, light in the visible region.(4 wavelengths) Lyman Series=higher energy transitions, occur in the UV region. |
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Bohr's Model of the Hydrogen Atom
Applications of the Bohr Model Atomic Emission Spectra Planck's emitted photon? |
E=hc/wave=-RH[1/(ni)^2-1/(nf)^2]
-RH=2.18x10^18j/electrons h=Planck's constant c=light speed |
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Bohr's Model of the Hydrogen Atom
Atomic Absorption Spectra? absorption spectrum? |
When an electron is excited to a higher energy level, it must absorb energy.
Absorption spectrum=In addition to an emission spectrum, every element possesses a characteristic absorption spectrum. |
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Quantum Mechanical Model of Atoms
Heisenberg uncertainty principle? |
Which states that it is impossible to determine, with perfect accuracy, the momentum and the position of the electron simultaneously.
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Quantum Mechanical Model of Atoms
Quantum Numbers? Pauli Exclusion Principle? |
N,L,Ml, and Ms
No Two electrons in a given atom can possess the same set of four quantum numbers. |
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Quantum Mechanical Model of Atoms
Quantum Numbers Principal Quantum Number? |
The first quantum number,n.
The Higher "n" higher energy and radius. The maxzimum number of electrons in energy level n is 2n^2. |
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Quantum Mechanical Model of Atoms
Quantum Numbers Azimuthal Quantum Number? |
2nd quantum number is called azimuthal(angular momentum) quantum number,L.
L=0,1,2, and 3 L=s,p,d, and f Max that can exist 4L+2 The greater value of L the greater the energy of the sub shell. |
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Quantum Mechanical Model of Atoms
Quantum Numbers Magnetic Quantum Number? |
3rd quantum number is magnetic quantum number,ML.
ML= L to -L including 0 |
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Quantum Mechanical Model of Atoms
Quantum Numbers Spin Quantum Number? |
4th quantum number is also called the spin quantum number and is denoted by Ms.
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Quantum Mechanical Model of Atoms
Electron Configuration and Orbital Filling? |
For a given atom or ion, the pattern by which subshells are filled and the number of electrons within each principal level and subshell are designated by an electron configuration.
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Quantum Mechanical Model of Atoms
Electron Configuration and Orbital Filling Hund's rule? |
Hund's reule states that within a given subshell, orbitals are filled such that there are a maximum number of half-filled orbitals with parallel spins.
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Quantum Mechanical Model of Atoms
Electron Configuration and Orbital Filling Paramagnetic and Diamagnetic? |
Paramagnetic- If the material has unpaired electrons, a magnetic field will align the spins of these electrons and weakly attract the atom.
Diamagnetic- Materials that have no unpaired electrons and are slightly repelled by a magnetic field are said to be diamagnetic. |
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Quantum Mechanical Model of Atoms
Valence Electrons? |
The valence electrons of an atom are those electrons that are in its outer energy shell or that are available for bonding.
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