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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Formula for momentum when 2 masses stick and move together |
M1V1initial= (m1 + m2)Vfinal |
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Formula for momentum when 2 masses dont stick and move separately |
m1V1initial = m1V1final + m2V2final |
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Formula for momentum where impact ball stops after collision and 2nd mass keeps moving |
m1Vinitial = m2V2final |
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Momentum formula when two masses collide and both go in separate directions |
m1V1initial + m2V2initial = m1V1final +m2V2final |
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What is a buffer composed of? |
Either a WA or WB + its corresponding salt. EX) if ph of buffer 3.8= acidic; so things like 1) a polyprotic weak acid or 2) Na2HPO4, a salt made from WA, can be used to make this |
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What kind of energy is a voltage creating a current? |
Electrical energy |
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What kind of energy is present in a crystal which had a voltage applied to it, causing the crystal to vibrate? |
Mechanical Energy |
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What is mechanical energy? |
Mechanical energy is made up of kinetic and potential energy, as it is associated with the motion and position of an object. |
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What frequency is the range of hearing ? |
20 Hz → 20 kHz. Anything above 20kHz= ultrasound |
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What is a unit of force? |
Newton (N) = kg⋅m/ s^2 |
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What is a unit of energy? |
Joule or kg m^2/s^2 |
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In what direction do electric field lines enter? |
Enter at negative charges and exit from positives |
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What is Zeff? Trend? |
Net charge exerted upon outermost electrons (valence); affects how tightly electrons held=differences in IE |
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What is larger : actions or anions ? |
Anions > neutral atoms > cations |
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What does conductivity equal ? |
Back (Definition) |
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What happens when you add a resistor in parallel? |
Resistance decreases |
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Can the equilibrium constant (K) change? |
Yes! With temperature |
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When Qsp > Ksp ? |
too many products= salt cannot completely dissociate SHIFT LEFT |
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When Qsp < Ksp ? |
too many reactants, salt completely dissociate SHIFT RIGHT |
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When flow speed increase, what happens to pressure? |
Pressure decrease |
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How does nucleophilicity change across the periodic table ? |
It increases going down because of increased atomic radius and polarizability |
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What does one Ampere equal? |
Unit of current = 1 C/s |
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Where do amide hydrogens appear on NMR? |
5-8.5 ppm (downfield) |
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When a collision is inelastic, what is conserved? (If anything) |
MOMENTUM is, KE not |
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Difference between shapes and oribitals? |
Orbital, counts lone pairs (hybridization) so does sp2 sp3 etc
Shape- doesn't |
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VSEPR theory |
Predicts shape of molecules between electron groups and cereal atom |
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VSEPR theory |
Predicts shape of molecules between electron groups and cereal atom |
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Hybridization |
Number of electron groups in Aron ( sp, sp2, sp3) |
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VSEPR theory |
Predicts shape of molecules between electron groups and cereal atom |
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Hybridization |
Number of electron groups in Aron ( sp, sp2, sp3) |
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I Tesla equals |
1 N*S/m*C |
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1 Tesla equals |
10^4 gauss |
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diagmagnetic |
made up of atoms with no unpaired electrons |
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paramagnetic |
will become weakly magnetized in the presence of a magnetic field aligning the dipoles of the material with the magnetic field |
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ferromagnetic |
have unpaired electrons an permanent atomic magentic dipoles that are normally oriented randomly so the material has no net magnetic dipole |
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1 ampere |
= 1C/s |
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1V |
J/C |
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Kirchoff junction rule |
current into junction = current out of junction |
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Kirchoff loop rule |
V source= V drop |
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potential energy stored in a capacitor |
u=1/2cv^2 |
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angular frequency |
2pif= 2pi/T |
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speed of sound (formula) |
v= sqrt(B/rho) : B= bulk modulus, rho=density of medium |
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speed of sound in air |
343 m/s |
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range of human hearing |
20Hz-20,000Hz |
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frequencies below and above human hearing range |
below-infrasonic above-ultrasonic |
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units of intensity |
W/m^2 |
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threshold of human hearing |
1*10^-12 W/m^2 This is whats plugged in for Io in the decibel equation beta = 10 log I/Io |
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Intensity of 20 and 40 db sound? |
20= 1*10^-11 40=1*10^-8 |
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equation for wavelength of standing wave and open pipes |
lambda=2L/n L=nlambda/2 (n=1,2,3) f=nv/2L |
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closed pipes |
lambda=4L/n f=nv/4L L=nlambda/4 (n=1,3,5) |
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What is needed for using ultrsound technique |
speed of wave and travel time |
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doppler ultrasound is used for |
measuring blood flow within body by detecting frequency shift |
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what happens when the object is at the focal point of a converging mirror? |
reflected rays are parallel and the image will be at infinity |
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When a ray is leaving from water to air... |
angle of refraction is higher than incident |
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when a ray is leaving from air into water or substance with higher refractive index... |
refracted ray is smaller than incident (bend towards normal) |
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critical angle |
when the refracted angle is at 90 degrees theta critical=sin^-1(n2/n1) |
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what is dispersion |
when various rays of light separate from each other , such as white light through a prism |
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which light bends most in a prism |
violet , bc it has a smaller wavelength |
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1 pascal equals... |
1 N/M^2 |
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Why does Ca have a smaller second I.E. than Na? |
First, metals have lower ionization energies than non metals, and since Na has only 1 valence electron, pulling a second electron from a full orbital would be a way larger amount of energy, compared to Ca who has 2 valence e-s |
