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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where are most of the macromolecules converted to the monos
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At the brush border enzymes
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What is produced during the blastophore and gastrulation concerning the digestive system
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The blastopore is the anus
The gastrulation is the GI Tract |
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What are the layers of the GI Tract, start from the inner most layer
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Mucosa-protection, digest and absorb our food, screte goblet cells
Submucosa--enteric nervous, blood and lymph, where things of digestion are picked up Smooth muscle- inner (circular) -mixing of food outer (longitudinal)-perstalis Serosa-connective tissue |
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What kind of muscle is the GI Tract
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The GI tract is smooth
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What assist in making the GI tract move
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The hormones
The enteric nervous system Sponatneous depolarization Parasympathetic |
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What is the difference between exocrine and endocrine
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The endocrine will exit into bloodstream and the exocrine will exit via ducts
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What enzymes would you find in the mouth (think of what you break up)
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You would find amylase, lipase and lysozyme. There is no breakup of proteins in the mouth
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Where do you start the breakdown of proteins
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In the stomach
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Go over the features of the stomach. What they do and there name
Rugae- Pyloric Spinchter 3rd Muscle layer |
The 3rd muscle layer is for mixing
Rugae for foling Pyloric spinchter-Release food to small intestine (controlled by strecthing of small intestine, via horomones (Cholecystokinin) and the nerves connectining stomach to duondenum |
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What are the main enzymes in the stomach and where are they relased and their functions
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HCl, released by the perital cells. They convery pepsinogen to pepsin because HCl makes an acidic environment
Pepsin which is excreted by Chief Cells Gastrin which are released in the G cells and cause acidity and pepsin secretion (stimulate perital cells) |
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What is the primary role of villi in the Duodenum
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This will increase surface area and increase absorbtion
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What are two things emptied into duodenum
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Bile (made up of cholestorol in liver and stored in gallbladder)
Digestive enzymes and bicarbonate from the pancreatic duct |
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What are two main enzymes in the small intestine
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The enterokinase-trypsinogen to trypsin
Brush border enzymes |
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What are the three main hormones in duodenam
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CCK-stimulate pancreas to relase enzymes, decrease gastric motility, stimulate bile release
Secretin- make pancreas release bicarb in water, keep the duodenal neutral Enterogastrone-decrease emptying of stomach |
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What are the roles of jejum and ileum
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Special reabsorption of vitamins
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What are three ways to increase blood sugar
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• Glucagon-peptide
• Epi-amino acid derivative • Cortisol- steroid |
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Do brush border enzymes break down fats
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No
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What is the main role of small intestine
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Digestion and absorbtion
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What is the main role of the large intestine
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Absorb water
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What causes the pancreas to secrete enzymes?
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CCK-Hormone
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Can the liver and skeletal muscles store glucose?
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Yes
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What is the main role of the liver?
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To help in the absorbiton of nutrients, i.e help in because of the hepatic portal system-
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