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256 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Abdomin-
abdomen
Angio-
vessel
Arterio-
artery
Arthr-
joint
Brachi-
arm
Cardi-
heart
Cephal-
head
Cerebr-
cerebrum
Cervic-
neck
Crani-
skull
Dent-
teeth
Dermat-
skin
Fibr-
fiber
Gastr-
stomach
Gynec-
woman
Hemat-
blood
Hepat-
liver
Hist-
tissue
Myo-
muscle
Neph-
kidney
Neur-
nerve
Oss-, osteo-
bone
Ped-
child
Pneumat-
breathing
Pod-
foot
Pulm-
lung
Rhin-
nose
Stern-
chest
Thorac-
chest
Ven-
vein
Vertebr-
spine
ab-
away from
a-, an-
without
ad-
toward
ante-
before
anti-
against
bi-
two
circum-
around
contra-
against
de-
down, down from
dia-
across, through
dys-
difficult
epi-
over, upon
ex-
out of
extra-
beyond
hemi-
half
hetero-
other
homeo-
same
hyper-
abover, high
hypo-
under, low
infra-
below
inter-
between
intra-
within
mal-
bad
mono-
one
poly-
many
post-
after
pre-
before, in front of
quad-
four
retro-
backward
infra-
below
inter-
between
intra-
within
mal-
bad
mono-
one
poly-
many
post-
after
pre-
before, in front of
quad-
four
retro-
backward
sub-
under
super-
above, in addition to
supra-
over, above
syn-
together
trans-
across
tri-
three
-al
pertaining to a particular area
-algia
pain
-ar
pertaining to a particular area
-ase
enzyme
-cyte
cell
-ectomy
removal of
-emia
blood condition
-genic
producing
-gram
record of
-itis
inflammation of
-logy
study of
-oid
similar to
-oma
tumor
-osis
condition of
-pathy
disease
-phobia
irrational fear of
-plasty
surgical repair of
-plegia
paralysis
-scope
instrument for examining visually
-stomy
-opening
-tomy
incision
Assets
what you own
Liabilities
what you owe
Equity
what the owner of a company puts in or takes out; plus net income
Income
what money is received for service or retail sales
Cost of Goods Sold (COGS)
what it costs to buy the items that have been sold
Expenses
how much everything else cost
Debit
Left
Credit
Right
Trial Balance
the total at the end of the 2 columns (Dr & Cr), and is used to catch any mistakes we may have made in recording our transactions
Vision Statement
Deals with what you want for your business, your desires and direction for your business.
Mission Statement
2 sentences that define your business and its objectives.
Proprietorship
Single owner, least complicated, least expensive to open.
Partnership
2 or more parties to share the responsibilities and rewards of the business.
Limited Liability Company
-Can be a single owner or partnership.
-Offers additional protection against the companies creditors against personal property of the owner.
Corporations (S or C Corp.)
Can be an individual or multiple party involved in ownership.
Frontalis Action
Raise eyebrows, wrinkle forehead
Frontalis Origin
Galea aponeurotica
Frontalis Insertion
Skin over eyebrows
Occipitalis Action
Anchor & retract galea aponeurotica posteriorly
Occipitalis Origin
Galea aponeurotica
Occipitalis Insertion
Superior nuchal line of occiput
Temporalis Action
-Elevate mandible
-Retract mandible
Temporalis Origin
Temporal fossa & fascia
Temporalis Insertion
Coronoid process of the mandible
Masseter Action
Elevate mandible
Masseter Origin
Zygomatic Arch
Masseter Insertion
Coronoid process of mandible
Sternoclediomastoid (SCM) Action (Unilaterally)
-Laterally flex the head & neck to the same side
-Rotate the head & neck to the opposite side
SCM Action (Bilaterally)
-Flex the neck
-Assist in inhalation
SCM Origin (Unilaterally)
-Sternal head -- top of the manubrium
SCM Origin (Bilaterally)
-Clavicular head -- medial 1/3rd of the clavicle
SCM Insertion
-Mastoid process of temporal bone
-Lateral portion of the superior nuchal line
Scalenes Action (Unilaterally)
-Laterally flex the head & neck to the same side (all)
-Rotate the head & neck to the opposite side (all)
Temporalis Insertion
Coronoid process of the mandible
Masseter Action
Elevate mandible
Masseter Origin
Zygomatic Arch
Masseter Insertion
Coronoid process of mandible
Sternoclediomastoid (SCM) Action (Unilaterally)
-Laterally flex the head & neck to the same side
-Rotate the head & neck to the opposite side
SCM Action (Bilaterally)
-Flex the neck
-Assist in inhalation
SCM Origin (Unilaterally)
-Sternal head -- top of the manubrium
SCM Origin (Bilaterally)
-Clavicular head -- medial 1/3rd of the clavicle
SCM Insertion
-Mastoid process of temporal bone
-Lateral portion of the superior nuchal line
Scalenes Action (Unilaterally)
-Laterally flex the head & neck to the same side (all)
-Rotate the head & neck to the opposite side (all)
Scalenes Action (Bilaterally)
-Elevate the ribs during inhalation (all)
-Flex the head & neck (anterior)
Anterior Scalene Origin
Transverse processes of the 3rd - 6th cervical vertebrae
Middle Scalene Origin
Transverse processes of the 2nd - 7th cervical vertebrae
Posterior Scalene Origin
Transverse processes of the 5th & 6th cervical vertebrae
Anterior Scalene Insertion
1st rib
Middle Scalene Insertion
1st rib
Posterior Scalene Insertion
2nd rib
Upper Traps Action (Unilaterally)
-Laterally flex the head & neck to the same side
-Rotate the head & neck to the opposite side
-Elevate the scapula
-Upwardly rotate the scapula
Upper Traps Action (Bilaterally)
Extend the neck
Middle Traps Action
-Adduct the scapula
-Stabilize the scapula
Lower Trapezius Action
-Depress the scapula
-Upwardly rotate the scapula
Trapezius Origin
-External occipital protuberance
-Medial portion of the superior nuchal line
-Ligamentum nuchae
-Spinous processes of C7 - T12
Trapezius Insertion
-Lateral 1/3rd of clavicle
-Acromion process
-Spine of scapula
Splenius Capitus & Cervicis Action (Unilaterally)
-Rotate the head & neck to the same side
-Laterally flex the head & neck
Spenius Capitus & Cervicis Action (Bilaterally)
Extend the head & neck
Splenius Capitus Origin
-Ligamentum Nuchae
-Spinous processes of C7 - T3
Splenius Cervicis Origin
Spinous processes of T3 - T6
Splenius Capitis Insertion
-Mastoid process
-Lateral portion of the superior nuchal line
Splenius Cervicis Insertion
Transverse processes of the upper cervical vertebrae
Obliques Capitis Inferior Action
Rotate head to the same side
Obliques Capitis Superior Action
Rock & tilt the head to the same side
Rectus Capitis Posterior Major Action
-Rock & tilt the head to the same side
-Rotate the head to the same side
Rectus Capitis Posertior Minor Action
Rock & tilt the head to the same side
Rectus Capitis Posterior Major Origin
Spinous process of the Axis (C2)
Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor Origin
Tubercle of the posterior arch of the Atlas (C1)
Oblique Capitis Superior Origin
Transverse process of the Atlas (C1)
Oblique Capitis Inferior Origin
Spinous process of the Axis (C2)
Rectus Capitis Posterior Major Insertion
Inferior nuchal line
Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor Insertion
Inferior nuchal line
Oblique Capitis Superior
Between the nuchal lines
Obliques Capitis Inferior Insertion
Transverse process of the Atlas (C1)
Subclavius Action
-Draw the clavicle inferiorly & anteriorly
-Elevate 1st rib
-Stabilize sternoclavicular (S/C) joint
Subclavius Origin
1st rib & cartilage
Subclavius Insertion
Inferior, lateral clavicle
Pectoralis Major Action (all fibers)
-Adduct the shoulder
-Medially rotate the humerus
Pectoralis Major Action (upper fibers)
-Flex the shoulder
-Horizontally adduct the shoulder
Pectoralis Major Action (lower fibers)
Extend the shoulder
Pectoralis Major Origin
-Medial half of clavicle
-Sternum
-Cartilage of 1st - 6th ribs
Pectoralis Major Insertion
Crest of the tubercle of the humerus
Pectoralis Minor Action
-Depress the scapula
-Abduct the scapula
-Tilt the scapula anteriorly
Pectoralis Minor Origin
3rd - 5th ribs
Pectoralis Minor Insertion
Coracoid process of the scapula
Levator Scapula Action (Unilaterally)
-Elevate the scapula
-Downward rotation of the scapula
-Laterally flex the head & neck
Levator Scapula Action (Bilaterally)
Extend the head & neck
Levator Scapula Origin
Transverse processes of 1st - 4th cervicle vertebrae
Levator Scapula Insertion
-Upper region of medial border of scapula
-Superior angle of scapula
Rhomboid Major Action
-Adduct the scapula
-Elevate the scapula
-Downward rotation of the scapula
Rhomboid Major Origin
Spinous processes of T2 - T5
Rhomboid Major Insertion
Medial border of the scapula between the spine of the scapula and the inferior angle
Rhomboid Minor Action
-Adduct the scapula
-Elevate the scapula
-Downward rotation of the scapula
Rhomboid Minor Origin
Spinous processes of C6 & T1
Rhomboid Minor Insertion
Upper portion of the medial border of the scapula
Latissimus Dorsi Action
-Extend the shoulder
-Adduct the shoulder
-Medially rotate the shoulder
Latissimus Dorsi Origin
-Spinous processes of the last 6 thoracic vertebrae
-Last 3 or 4 ribs
-Thoracolumbar aponeurosis
-Posterior iliac crest
Latissimus Dorsi Insertion
Crest of the lesser tubercle
Teres Major Action
-Extend the shoulder
-Adduct the shoulder
-Medially rotate the shoulder
Teres Major Origin
-Lateral side of the inferior angle of the scapula
-Lower half of lateral border of the scapula
Teres Major Insertion
Crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus
Teres Minor Action
-Laterally rotate the shoulder
-Adduct the shoulder
-Extend the shoulder
-Horizontally abduct the shoulder
-Stabilize the head of the hmerus in glenoid cavity
Teres Minor Origin
Superior half of the lateral border of the scapula
Teres Minor Insertion
Greater tubercle of the humerus
Supraspinatus Action
-Abduct the shoulder
-Stabilize the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity
Supraspinatus Origin
Supraspinous fossa of the scapula
Infraspinatus Action
-Laterally rotate the shoulder
-Adduct the shoulder
-Extend the shoulder
-Horizontally abduct the shoulder
-Stabilize the head of the humerus in glenoid cavity
Infraspinatus Origin
Infraspinous fossa of the scapula
Infraspinatus Insertion
Greater tubercle of the humerus
Subscapularis Action
-Medially rotate the shoulder
-Stabilize the head of the humerus
Subscapularis Origin
Subscapular fossa of the scapula
Infraspinatus Action
-Laterally rotate the shoulder
-Adduct the shoulder
-Extend the shoulder
-Horizontally abduct the shoulder
-Stabilize the head of the humerus in glenoid cavity
Infraspinatus Origin
Infraspinous fossa of the scapula
Infraspinatus Insertion
Greater tubercle of the humerus
Subscapularis Action
-Medially rotate the shoulder
-Stabilize the head of the humerus
Subscapularis Origin
Subscapular fossa of the scapula
Serratus Anterior Action (fixed origin)
-Abduct the scapula
-Depress the scapula
-Hold the medial border of the scapula against the rib cage
Serratus Anterior Action (scapula fixed)
May act in forced inhalation
Serratus Anterior Origin
Surfaces of upper 8 or 9 ribs
Serratus Anterior Insertion
Anterior surface of the medial border of the scapula
Serratus Posterior Inferior Action
Depresses the ribs during exhalation
Serratus Posterior Inferior Origin
Spinous processes of T12 - L3
Serratus Posterior Inferior Insertion
Posterior surface of the 9th - 12th ribs
Diaphragm Action
-Draw down central tendon
-Increase the volume of the thoracic cavity
Diaphragm Costal Origin
Inner surface of the lower 6 ribs
Diaphragm Lumbar Origin
Upper 2 or 3 lumbar vertebrae
Diaphragm Sternal Origin
Inner part of the xiphoid process
Diaphragm Insertion
Central tendon
Serratus Posterior Superior Action
Elevate the ribs during inspiration
Serratus Posterior Superior Origin
Spinous processes of C7 - T3
Serratus Posterior Superior Insertion
Posterior surface of the 2nd - 5th ribs
Rectus Abdominis Action
Flex the vertebral column
Rectus Abdominis Origin
-Pubic crest
-Pubic symphysis
Rectus Abdominis Insertion
-Cartilage of 5th - 7th ribs
-Xiphoid process
Pyramidalis Action
Tenses the linea alba
Pyramidalis Origin
Pubic symphysis
Pyramidalis Insertion
Linea alba
Which muscle is absent in roughly 20% of the population?
Pyramidalis
External Abdominal Oblique Action (Unilaterally)
-Laterally flex the vertebral column to the same side
-Rotate the vertebral column to the opposite side
External Abdominal Oblique Action (Bilaterally)
-Flex the vertebral column
-Compress the abdominal contents
External Abdominal Oblique Origin
Lower 8 ribs
External Abdominal Oblique Insertion
-Anterior part of the iliac crest
-Abdominal aponerosis to linea alba
Internal Abdominal Oblique Action (Unilaterally)
-Laterally flex the vertebral column to the same side
-Rotate the vertebral column to the same side
Internal Abdominal Oblique Action (Bilaterally)
-Flex the vertebral column
-Compress the abdominal contents
Internal Abdominal Oblique Origin
-Lateral inguinal ligament
-Iliac crest
-Thoracolumbar fascia
Internal Abdominal Oblique Insertion
-Internal surface of the lower 3 ribs
-Abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba
Transverse Abdominus Action
Compress the abdominal contents
Transverse Abdominus Origin
-Lateral inguinal ligament
-Iliac crest
-Thoracolumbar fascia
-Internal surface of the lower 6 ribs
Transverse Abdominus Insertion
Abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba
Quadratus Lumborum Action (Unilaterally)
-Laterally tilt the pelvis
-Laterally flex the vertebral column to the same side
-Assist to extend the vertebral column
Quadratus Lumborum Action (Bilaterally)
Fix the last rib during inhalation and forced exhalation
Quadratus Lumborum Origin
Posterior iliac crest
Quadratus Lumborum Insertion
-Last rib
-Transverse processes of 1st - 4th lumbar vertebrae
Which muscle is sometimes known as the "hip hiker"?
Quadratus Lumborum because of its capacity to laterally titl, or elevate, the hip.
Erector Spinae Action (Unilaterally)
Laterally flex the vertebral column to the same side
Erector Spinae Action (Bilaterally)
Extend the vertebral column
Erector Spinae Origin
-Common tendon via thoracolumbar aponeurosis that attaches to the posterior surface of sacrum
-Iliac crest
-Spinous processes of lumbar & last 2 thoracic vertebrae
Erector Spinae Insertion
-Various at the posterior ribs
-Spinous processes of thoracic & cervical vertebrae
-Transverse processes of thoracic & cervical vertebrae
-Mastoid process of temporal bone
The Erector Spinae group is broken up into 3 brances, what are their names?
-Spinalis
-Longissimus
-Iliocostalis