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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Subdivide the Nervous System |
Back (Definition) |
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3 meningeal layers |
P Pia Mater (inner layer) A Arachnoid (middle layer) D Dura mater (outermost layer) level |
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Level of organizations in Humans |
Chemical Cellular Tissue Organ Organ system Organism |
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Characteristics of life |
Absorption Circulation Digestion Excretion Growth Movement Reproduction Respiration Responsiveness |
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Absorption |
The ability to absorb materials through various membranes, such as digestive tract |
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Circulation |
The ability to move substances in the body by way of body fluids |
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Digestion |
The ability to convert food sources to simpler compounds |
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Excretion |
The ability to excrete waste material |
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Growth |
Ability to increase in side |
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Movement |
The ability to move locations, change position, or move internal structures |
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Reproduction |
The ability to create new cells, such as in cellular reproduction,or the ability to create new organisms such as offspring |
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Bilirubin |
Waste product of red blood cell destruction |
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Hering-Breur Reflex |
Protective mechanism that prevents over expansion of the lungs |
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Hepatic Portal System |
From digestive to liver to inferior vena cava |
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Hematocrit |
Percentage of red blood cells in the blood |
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Visceral Pain |
Deep pain triggered by receptors in abdomen, chest, etc Poorly localized
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Crenation |
abnormal shrinking of the cell due to exposure to hypertonic environment |
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Lysis |
The swelling and bursting of a cell due to hypotonic environment |
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Isotonic |
Equal concentration of solute and water present on either side of semipermeable membrane |
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Hypothalamus |
Link between endocrine and nervous system -controls BP/HR/TEMP/BGL |
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Pituitary Gland |
Master Gland Anterior- hormones directly into blood stream Posterior- distal ends of hypothalamic neurons, release ADH,OXYTOCIN |
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Thyroid Gland |
Base of neck Metabolism,growth,development |
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Gonads |
Promotes sexual maturation to puberty and fulfill subsequent reproductive needs |
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Pancreas |
Secretes insulin from the islets of langerhorn 1) alpha - produce glucagon 2)beta - produce insulin 3)delta - produce somastatin 4)F Cells - pancreatic peptide |
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Pineal Gland |
Synthesizes and secretes melatonin Effects sleep wake patterns |
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Interstitial Fluids |
Extra cellular fluid outside of lymph, vasculatory system |
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Cranial Nerves |
I. OlfactoryII.OpticIII. OculomotorIV. TrochlearV. TrigeminalVI. AbducensVII. Facial
VIII.VestibulochlearIX. Glossopharyngeal X.VagusXI.AccessoryXII. Hypoglossal |
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Dorsal Respiratory Group |
Located in Medulla, signals the Ventral Respiratory Group (VRG) to alter rhythm and depth of ventilation to restore homeostasis |
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Ventral Respiratory Group |
Network of inspiratory and expiratory motor neurons , responds to the DRG |
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Anabolism |
Building of larger substances from smaller substances I.e. Proteins from amino acids |
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Catabolism |
The breakdown of larger substances to smaller substances |
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A + B -> AB |
Synthesis Reaction |
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AB -> A+B |
Decomposition Reaction |
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AB + CD -> AC + BD |
Exchange Reaction |
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Tidal Volume |
Air in or out in a single breath |
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Inspiratory Reserve Volume |
Air that can be inhaled after normal tidal volume is reached ~3,000ml |
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Expiratory Reserve Volume |
Air that can be exhaled after normal tidal volume is reached ~1,200ml |
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Ventilation |
Mechanical air movement |
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Oxygenation |
The loading of oxygen molecules onto hemoglobin (4) |
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Respiration |
The gas Exchange between cell and surround tissues |
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Vital capacity |
Total volume with maximum inhale and exhale |
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Anatomical Dead Space |
Portion of the respiratory system w.o. Alveoli - little to no gas exchange -i.e. Mouth, trachea |
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Physiological Dead Space |
anatomical dead space + Amount of damaged aveoli that cannot participate in Gas exchange |
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Minute volume |
Respiratory Rate x Tidal Volume |
