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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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If you see __ __ __ at the site of tumor, you know that there was an immune reaction.
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Mononuclear cell infiltrates.
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How do draining lymph nodes change with an immune system response?
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Hyperplasia.
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MAGE, BAGE, and GAGE genes encode __ antigens. Which T cells detect these?
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Melanoma. CTL.
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Mucin core proteins are expressed by what three carcinomas? Why can mucin proteins not avoid immune detection?
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Breast, ovarian, and pancreatic carcinomas. Mucin is underglycosylated, which allows antigen processing and presentation.
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Name the tumor associated antigens associated with the following cancers: breast ca, ovarian ca, prostate ca, liver ca.
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Breast - HER2/Nu. Ovarian - Ca125. Prostate - PSA. Liver ca - AFP.
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What is the hallmark of malignant disease?
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Dedifferentiation.
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In terms of tumor association antigens, __ is less specific but more sensitive for ovarian cancer. __ is sensitivity and more specific for prostate cancer.
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CA125. PSA.
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How is tumor immunity related to self-reactive T cells?
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Tumor cells can evade immune responses because the thymus eliminated most of the self-reactive T cells, which could kill the tumor.
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If T regulatory cell recruitment is prevented, what does that mean for the immune system’s ability to fight tumors?
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Lack of Treg recruitment increases the immune system’s ability to fight the tumor; Tregs = suppression.
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Tumor elimination by cyclophosphamide depends on inducing of __ __.
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CD+4 T cells.
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What is required for therapeutic vaccines to sustain a CTL response?
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T helper.
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These cells taken from the patient can be used in therapeutic vaccines very well.
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Dendritic cells.
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Patients that receive DC vaccines must be __.
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Immunocompetent.
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__ __ __ is contraindicated for DC vaccines.
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Advanced metastatic disease.
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These two cytokines can induce DC maturation.
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TNF-alpha and IL-1b.
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__ is the first cellular therapy for cancer approved.
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Provenge.
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This form of immunotherapy is recommended for immunocompromised patients.
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T cell immunotherapy.
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This form of T cell immunotherapy shows up to 50% response rates in patients with solid metastatic tumors.
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Non-myeloablative lymphodepletion enhancement.
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Ontak consists of __ + __. How does it help fight tumors?
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IL-2 + diphtheria toxin. It inhibits Treg, which facilitate T cell suppression.
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These cytokines are used for passive immunotherapy. Which one can cause depression, neuropathy, and hematologic abnormalities?
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IL-2, TNF, IFN-alpha, and IFN-gamma. IL-2.
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__ has been largely unsuccessful in treating tumors.
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Active immunization.
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Chimeric immunotherapy often combines __ and __ with antibodies. What does this conjugation often cause?
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Combines drugs and toxins to antibodies. Frequently have systemic effects and hepatoxicity.
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Rituximab is recombined anti-_.
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Anti-CD20.
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Herceptin is specific against __.
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HER2-neu.
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Avastin inhibits __ and is used against colorectal cancer.
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Inhibits VEGF.
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Name four ways that tumors can evade immune detection.
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Decreased HLA class expression, decreased costimulatory molecules for T cell activation, secretion of immunosuppressive cytokines, and expression of chemokines that drive Treg recruitment.
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How do you distinguish between B and T cell lymphomas?
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Immunohistochemistry shows that B cell lymphomas express CD19 and CD20 while T cell lymphomas express CD25.
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Which cell surface antigen does Burkitt lymphoma express?
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CD10.
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