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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Substance
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Matter that has a uniform and unchanging composition
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Physical Property
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Characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the sample's composition(describes pure substances)
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Extensive Properties
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Dependent upon the amount of substance present
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Intensive Properties
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Independent of the amount of substance present
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Chemical Property
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Ability of a substance to combine with or change into one or more other substances
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States of Matter
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All matter that exists on Earth can be classified as one of these physical forms
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Solid
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Form of matter that has its own definite shape and volume
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Liquid
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Form of matter that flows,has constant volume and takes the shape of its container
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Gas
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Form of matter that flows to conform to the shape of its container and fills the entire volume of its container
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Vapor
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Gaseous state of a substance that is a solid or a liquid at room temperature
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Physical Changes
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Alter a substance without changing its composition
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Chemical Change
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A process that involves one or more substances changing into new substances
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The Law of Conservation of Mass
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States that mass is neither created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction-it is conserved....Mass(reactants)=Mass(products)
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Mixture
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Combination of two or more pure substances in which each pure substance retains its individual chemical properties
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Heterogeneous
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Doesn't blend smotthly throughout and in which the individual substances remain distinct
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Homogeneous Mixture
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COnstant composition throughout; it always has a single phase
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Filteration
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Technique that uses a porous barrier to separate a solid from a liquid
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Distillation
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Separation technique that is based on differences in the boiling points of the substances involved
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Crystallization
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Separation technique that results in the formation of pure solid particles of a substance from a solution containing the dissolved substance
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Chromatography
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Technique that separates the components of a mixture (called the mobile phase) on the basis of the tendency of each to travel or to be drawn across the surface of another material (called the stationary phase)
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Element
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Pure substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by physical or chemical means
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Compound
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Combination of two or more different elements that are combined chemically
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Law of definite proportions
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States that regardless of the amount, a compound is always composed of the same elements in the same proportion by mass
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Law of multiple proportions
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States that when different compounds are formed by a combination of the same elements, different masses of one element combine with the same relative mass of the other element in a ratio of small whole numbers
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