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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What is a molecule? |
Any substance reduced to its smallest particle. |
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What is a molecule composed of? |
Atoms |
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What are the 3 parts to an atom? |
Proton, Neutron, and Electron. |
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What kind of charge does a proton have? |
Positive |
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What kind of charge does a neutron have? |
Neutral |
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What kind of charge does a electron have? |
Negative |
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What is a chemical element? |
A substance that cannot be chemically reduced any further. |
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How many types of atoms are there? |
About 100 |
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The 2 large categories for elements are? |
Metals and non-metals |
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What is a compound? |
Two or more different kinds of atoms chemically joined. |
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What is a mixture? |
A combination of different molecules not chemically combined. The molecules retain its own properties. |
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Metal mixtures are given special names called? |
Alloys |
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What is it called when one substance is dissolved by another evenly? |
A solution |
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What are the 2 parts of a solution? |
The solute (being dissolved) and the solvent |
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What 2 factors determine which state matter exists in? |
Temperature and pressure |
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What is the definition of a liquid? |
Definite volume, definite mass, and indefinite shape. |
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What is the definition of a gas? |
Indefinite shape, indefinite volume, and definite mass. |
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What is adhesion? |
Unlike molecules sticking together. |
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What is cohesion? |
Like molecules sticking together. I.E. mercury |
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What is a physical change? |
A change that does not affect the chemical composition. |
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What is a chemical change? |
A change that produces a new substance or a substance with a different chemical composition. |
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What is the most abundant mixture on earth? |
Air |
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What is the most abundant compound on earth? |
Water |
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Both adhesion and cohesion produce this movement. |
Capillary action |
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What is density? |
The mass of a substance per unit volume. |
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What is the density of air at standard temp. and pressure? |
0.076 lb/ft³ or 1.29 kg/m³ |
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What is the density of water at standard temp. and pressure? Ft³ and m³ |
62.4 lb/ft³ and 1000kg/m³ |
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What is the density of water at standard temp. and pressure? Imperial, US gal, and metric litre |
Imperial 10 lb/gal, US 8.33lb/gal, and 1kg/L |
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What is the definition of relative density? |
The number of times heavier or lighter a substance is compared to air or water. |
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What is the relative density of methane (gas)? |
0.6 |
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What is the relative density of methane (liquid)? |
0.424 |
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What is the relative density of propane (gas)? |
1.5 |
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What is the relative density of propane (liquid)? |
0.5 |
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What is the relative density of mercury? |
13.6 |
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What is the relative density of water and air? |
1 |
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How do you calculate Mass, Density, and Volume? |
Divide mass by density or volume to get the missing information from the bottom or multiply density by the volume to get the mass. |
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What is the unique characteristic of water? |
Its volume decreases while its density increases between 0⁰-4⁰C |
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How much does water expand as it changes to ice? |
7.5% |
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How much will water expand before it hits its boiling point (100⁰C) |
5% |
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The main components of elements in air are? |
Nitrogen (77%), oxygen (22%), and other (1%) |
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