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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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all measurements or observations of interest
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population
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part of a population
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sample
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numerical descriptive measurement of a population
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population parameter
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numerical descriptive measurement of a sample
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statistic
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probability distribution for the statistic and the sample being used
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sampling distribution
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standard deviation of a statistic
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standard error
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an estimate of a population parameter given by a single number
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point estimate
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magnitude of the difference btwn. point estimate and true parameter value
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error of an estimate
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measurement used to determne the reliability of an estimate
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confidence level
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the values on a curve where the area btwn. the interval is equal to the deseired confidence level
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critical values
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a variable used instead of Z when the sample size is small
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Students T-variable
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the value which influences the t-variable by sample size
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degrees of freedom
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samples taken from two populations so that the way it is taken from on epopulation is unrelated to the selection of the samples from the other
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independent samples
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samples taken from two populations so that the way it is taken from one population can be naturally paired with a measurement from the other sample
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dependent samples
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an assumption about one or more population parameters of a probability distribution
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statistical hypothesis
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the procedure whereby the decision is made to reject or not reject a hypothesis
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hypothesis testing
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hypothesis which is designed for the purpose of seeing whether or not it can be rejected
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null hypothesis
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hypothesis constructed in such a way that it is one to be accepted when the null hypothesis must be rejected
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alternate hypothesis
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error of rejecting the null hyp when it is in fact true
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Type I error
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error of accepting the null hypothesis when it is in fact false
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type II error
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probability with which it is "allowable" to risk a type I error
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level of significance
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probability of rejecting Ho when it is in fact true
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power of a test
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problems where variables are studied simultaniously to see how they are interrelated
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correlation problems
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problems where the value of interest is predicted by going back ot the values of other related variables
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regression problems
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values representing two variables which are corresponding
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paired data values
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independed value
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explanitory value
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dependent value
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response variable
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predicting response values for explanitory values that are btwn. the explanitory range of the data
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interpolation
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predicting response values for explanitory values that are out of the range of the data
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extrapolation
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method for measuring the spread of the set of pts. about the least square line that is similar to standard deviation
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standard error of an estimate
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unitless measurement to describe the strength of the linear association that exists btwn. two variables regardless of which is listed first
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Pearson product
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how well a random sample of data pairs indicates a high correlation to the population data
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significance of r
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a measurement of how well the least squares line is as an istrument of regression
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coefficient of determination
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the actual obsereved data of any sample
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observed frequency
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probability of the data assuming independence
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expected frequency
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