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83 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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length of first trimester
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1-12 weeks
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a sign of preterm labor after amniocentesis
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tightness in abdomen
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when is HCG first detected?
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6-11 days after conception
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how many pounds per week during the second and third trimesters should a woman gain?
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0.4lb/week
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what is the pattern of blood pressure change during pregnancy per trimester?
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first trimester- stays the same
second trimester- drops 5-10 mm gh both diastolic and systolic third trimester- return to baseline after 20 weeks |
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how long are WBC elevated after pregnancy?
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10-12 days
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what changes are expected in heart rate during pregnancy?
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increase in pulse by 10-15 bpm starting at 20 weeks and for the remainder of the pregnancy
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what is the name of the discoloration of the face that some women get during pregnancy?
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cholasma
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stretch marks are aka...
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striae gravidarum
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the umbilical cord contains... (specifically)
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one vein and two arteries, + wharton's jelly
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all major organ systems are present by the end of gestational week...
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8
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how much weight should a woman gain during the first trimester of pregnancy?
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3-4 lbs
(0.4 lbs/week after first trimester) |
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what effects does excessive (>300mg daily) caffiene intake have on the fetus?
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greater risk of IUGR and spontaneous abortion
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parameters of H&H- nonpregnant and pregnant
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Nonpregnant-
hemoglobin 12-16 hematocrit 36-47% pregnant: hemoglobin 10.5-11 to 16 hematocrit 32-47% |
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what is the med of choice used to prevent seizures?
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mag sulfate
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what is the antidote for mag sulfate?
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calcium gluconate
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what are some foods rich in vitamin c?
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potatoes, citrus fruits, green vegetables
(vit c aids in absorption of iron) |
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what are some foods rich in iron?
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meat, poultry, fish
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what is an alternative source of calcium (not dairy)?
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dark green leafy vegetables
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a breastfeeding mother should increase her calories by ___ calories per day
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300-500 calories per day
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when is the one hour GTT performed?
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initial visit for at risk clients, and at 24-28 weeks for all pregnant women
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three hour glucose tolerance test
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screens for diabetes in clients with elevated 1 hour glucose test; requires 2 elevated readings for diagnosis
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one hour glucose tolerance test
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to be normal, value should be under 135mg/dl. Initial test for GDM, if over 135, 3 hour test is indicated.
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what is a normal WBC for nonpregnant women?
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4,000-11,000
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what is the highest value for WBC WNL during pregnancy?
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17,000
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what is the highest value for WBC WNL postpartum?
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25,000
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infants are put under the radiant warmer to prevent what type of heat loss?
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radiation
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infants' senses are developed in what order?
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touch
smell/taste hearing sight |
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this head "trauma" causes edema that does not cross suture lines
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cephalohematoma
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this head "trauma" causes edema that crosses suture lines
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caput succedanum
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at how many weeks do babies typically skip their night bottle?
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8-12
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what is the ph of semen?
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7.5
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which kind of jaundice is normal and only needs to be monitored?
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physiologic jaundice
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what is physiologic jaundice caused by (3)
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accelerated destruction of fetal RBCs
impaired conjugation of bili increased bili reabsorption |
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the latent phase of labor is characterized by...
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the onset of regular contractions
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the active phase of labor is characterized by...
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cervical dilation goes from 4-7cm
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transition phase of labor is characterized by...
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dilation from8-10 cm
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when does the second stage of labor begin?
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at full dilation
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during what stage/phase of labor are ideal contractions reached?
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during the transitional phase- contractions are 1 1/2-2 minutes apart lasting 60-90 seconds
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what does Bubble-he stand for?
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breasts
uterus bladder bowel lochia episiotomy/lac hemorrhoids/homan's sign emotional status |
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when should a mother expect postpartum fatigue to subside by?
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3 weeks PP
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what is the Brazelton neonatal assessment tool?
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it is a 2 day class that teaches new moms the newborn behavior observations
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what kind of difference in heart sounds is common during pregnancy?
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systolic murmur
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how much will the mother's heart rate increase by during preg?
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10-15 bpm
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when is fetal movement detected?
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20 weeks
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when is a nonstress test considered reactive?
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when the fetal heart rate increases by 15 bpm for at least 15 seconds and occurs two or more times in 20 minutes
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what is the desired result of a contraction stress test?
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negative- result is negative if within 10 minutes with three uterine contractions there are no late decelerations of FHR
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what constitutes a positive CST
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late decelerations on more than half of contractions in a stress test
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what is the ratio of l/s indicating lung maturity?
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2:1
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what can cause an amniotic fluid embolus?
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amniocentesis
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what does PUBS stand for ?
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percutaneous umbilical blood sampling
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what does chorionic villus sampling test?
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it tests a portion of the placenta; can be performed instead of amniocentesis in as early as 10 weeks to diagnose any abnormalities
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retained products of conception can cause...
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DIC
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how many weeks gestation is D&E indicated versus D&C
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D&C is under 16 weeks, D&E over 16 weeks
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what medication is given to women with ectopic pregnancies?
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methotrexate
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what is the diagnostic lab value for gestational trophoblastic disease?
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hcg levels extremely high
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when does incompetent cervix typically occur?
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~20 weeks
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s/s incompetent cervix
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bleeding, increased pelvic pressure, possible gush of fluid indicating ROM, uterine contractions/expulsion of fetus
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treatment of incompetent cervix
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bedrest!
increased hydration tocolytics refrain from prolonged standing, sex, heavy lifting |
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what is placenta previa?
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when the placenta abnormally implants in the lower segment of the uterus, near or over the cervical os
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what are them main complications of placenta
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maternal hemorrhage, preterm birth, fetal demise
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signs and symptoms of placenta previa
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PAINLESS vaginal bleeding (bright red), relaxed, nontender uterus with normal tone, fetus in breech or transverse position
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what drug is given to women with placenta previa?
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corticosteroids-- promote fetal lung maturation in case premature delivery
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what is abruptio placentae
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premature separation of placenta from uterus, occurs after 20 weeks gestation
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s/s of abruptio placentae
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sudden onset of intense localized uterine pain, vaginal bleeding, rigid uterus with contractions
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what are them main complications of placenta
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maternal hemorrhage, preterm birth, fetal demise
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signs and symptoms of placenta previa
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PAINLESS vaginal bleeding (bright red), relaxed, nontender uterus with normal tone, fetus in breech or transverse position
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what drug is given to women with placenta previa?
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corticosteroids-- promote fetal lung maturation in case premature delivery
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what is abruptio placentae
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premature separation of placenta from uterus, occurs after 20 weeks gestation
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s/s of abruptio placentae
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sudden onset of intense localized uterine pain, vaginal bleeding, rigid uterus with contractions
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nursing interventions for abruptio placentae
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infusion of blood products to maintain hct at 30% or higher, administration of corticosteroids for fetal lung maturity, immune globulin for Rh negative moms, no vag exams,
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what is vitamin B6 used for?
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hyperemesis gravidarum vitamin supplement
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what blood pressure is considered gestational hypertension
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140/90
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mild preeclampsia characteristics
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BP 140/90, proteinuria 1 to 2+, weight gain of more than 4.4 lbs in a week in the second/third trimesters
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severe preeclampsia characteristics
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BP 160/100, proteinuria 3 to 4+, elevated serum creatinine, cerebral or visual disturbances, ankle clonus, hyperreflexia, peripheral edema, hepatic dysfunction, epigastric and RUQ pain, thrombocytopenia.
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eclampsia characteristics
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severe preeclampsia with the addition of seizure activity or coma. preceeded by headache, severe epigastric pain, hyperreflexia, etc that are warning signs for convulsions
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what is HELLP syndrome?
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variant of gestational hypertension, hematologic conditions exist in combination with preeclampsia, involves hepatic dysfunction. dx by lab tests.
h-hemolysis (anemia and jaundice) el- elevated liver enzymes (epigastric pain, N/V) lp- low platelets (thrombocytopenia, abnormal bleeding and clotting times, bleeding gums & petichiae, possibly DIC) |
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diagnositc testing for gestational hypertension/related diseases
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proteinuria
liver enzymes CBC clotting studies |
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drug used to prevent seizures in preeclamptic patients
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magnesium sulfate
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s/s mag toxicity
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absence of deep tendon reflexes
decreased urine output decreased resp decreased LOC |
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in the event of mag toxicity...
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d/c infusion
admin calcium gluconate prepare to prevent respiratory or cardiac arrest |
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when would a client need to be on fludi restriction when taking a medication?
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when taking mag sulfate, fluid restriction to 100-125ml/hr
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how often should the nurse assess fetal heart rate during labor with no complications?
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q15min
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