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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the post natal period called, how long does it last and what occurs in this period |
Puerperium, lasts 6 weeks - time taken for the uterus to return back to its previous non pregnant state |
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What is the definition of a primary post partum haemorrhage |
>500ml of blood loss from the genital tract within 24 hours of delivery |
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What is the definition of secondary post partum haemorrhage |
Abnormal bleeding from the genital tract after 24 hours and before 6 weeks after delivery |
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What are the 4 causes of primary post partum haemorrhage (4 Ts) |
Tone, Tissue, Thrombin, Trauma |
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What are the uterotonics used to treat primary post partum haemorrhage |
Syntometrine Syntocinon - IV 40 units in 500ml PGE1 Misoprostal - 800mg PF2a Carboprost - 250 mcg IM Ergometrine - 500mcg IV/ IM |
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What are the surgical treatments available to treat primary post partum haemmorhage |
Check placenta, suture tears, Insert Bakri balloon - tamponade, B-Lynch suture, Uterine artery embolisation, Vascular approach - bilateral ligation of the uterine arteries or internal iliac arteries, hysterectomy |
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What are the 2 main causes of secondary post partum haemmorhage - how are they both treated |
Infective endometritis - IV broad spectrum antibiotics Retained products of conception - 24 hours IV broad spectrum antibiotics, evacuation of womb. |
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What are the symptoms of DVT |
Painful swollen legs, Redness/oedema Pain in iliac fossa, groin or buttocks, Non specific lower abdominal pain |
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Symptoms of pulmonary embolism |
Sudden onset chest pain / breathlessness Dizziness Syncope (loss of conciousness) /collapse Tachycardia |
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What are the risk factors of thromboembolism in pregnancy |
Immobility after delivery
Excessive blood loss Pre-eclampsia Surgical procedures Dehydration - due to frequent micturation Sepsis Prolonged labour |
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How is thromboembolism in pregnancy treated |
Low molecular weight heparin Warfarin |
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What are the symptoms of 'baby blues'? How long does it last? |
Tearfulness, Sleeplessness, Irritability, Impairment of concentration, isolation, headache Lasts a few hours / days in the immediate postnatal period - if it persists - postnatal depression |
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What are the red flag symptoms of post natal depression |
Emergence of new symptoms Recent significant change in mental state New thoughts or acts of self harm New and persistent expressions of incompetence as a mother Estrangement from the infant |
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How is post natal depression treated |
The same way as clinical depression |
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What are the symptoms of puerperal psychosis |
Acute mental illness - sudden onset within 10 days of delivery Loss of contact with reality Hallucinations Mania, depression, atypical psychosis Abnormal behaviour |
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What are the circumstances under which the the mother and baby should be admitted to a unit |
Rapidly changing mental state Suicidal ideation Pervasive guilt and hopelessness Significant estrangement from the baby Beliefs of inadequacy Evidence of physcosis |
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What are the cardiac causes of death in postnatal women |
Sudden adult death syndrome Aortic dissection Acute coronary syndrome Cardiomyopathy |
