Mat Prep

Front 1

Aeschylus
525-426 BC

Back 1

earliest GReek dramatist (Prometheus Bound, The Oresteia)

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allegory

Back 2

a narrative poem or prose work in which persons, events, and objects represent or stand for something else, frequently abstract ideas

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alliteration

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the repetition of consonant sounds in two or more neighboring words or syllables

Front 4

assonance

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the close repettion of similar vowel sounds

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Aristophanes
445-380 BC

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Greek playwright, aster of Old Comedy (Lysistrata, The Frogs)

Front 6

Jane Austen
1775 - 1817

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English Novelist (Pride and Prejudice, Emma)

Front 7

James Baldwin
1324-1987

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American author (Go Tell it on the Mountain)

Front 8

Honore de Balzac
1799-1850

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French novelist (The Human Comedy, Cousin Bette, Pere Goriot)

Front 9

Charles-Pierre Baudelaire
1821-1867

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French symbolist writer (The Flowers of Evil)

Front 10

Beat Movement

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American writers of the 1950s who expressed their feelings of alienation from society (Kerouac, Ginsberg, Ferlingthetti)

Front 11

Samuel Beckett
1906-1989

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Irish-born novelist, dramatist, and poet; lived in France (Waiting for Godot, Molloy)

Front 12

Saul Bellow
b. 1915

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American novelist (Seize the Day, Herzog)

Front 13

Marie-Henri Geyle
(pseudonym Stendhal)
1783-1842

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one of the leading 19th century French novelists, famous for the psuychological and political insight of his works (The Red and the Black, THe Charterhouse of Parma)

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bildungsroman

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a jovel, usually autobiographical, that covers the principal subject's life from adolescence to maturity

Front 15

Eric Blair
pseudonym George Orwell
193-1950

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British novelist (Animal Farm, 1984)

Front 16

William Blake
1757-1827

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visionary English poet, engraver, and artist early Romantic (Songs of Innocence, Songs of Experience, The Marriage of Heaven and Hell)

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blank verse

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poetry in which each line must have 10 syllables and a specific rhythm (lambic pentamer); the lines are unrhymed

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free verse

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a verse form without regular meter (Whitman's Leaves of Grass)

Front 19

James Boswell
1740-1795

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wrote famous biography of Samuel Johnson

Front 20

Charlotte Bronte 1816-1855
Emily Bronte - 1818-1848

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English authors (Charlotte - Jane Eyre; Emily - Wuthering Heights)

Front 21

Elizabeth Barrett Browning
1806-1861

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English poet, married to Robert Browning (Sonnets from the Portuguese)

Front 22

Robert Browning
1812-1889

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English poet, married to Elizabeth Barret Browning; known for dramatic monologues (My Last Duchess)

Front 23

William Cullen Bryant
1794-1878

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American nature poet ("Thanatopsis")

Front 24

John Bunyan
1268-1688

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17th century English writer of religious allegories (Pilgrim's Progress)

Front 25

Lord George Gordon Byron
1788-1824

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English Romantic poet (Childe Harold's Pilgrimage, Don Juan)

Front 26

Albert Camus
1913-1960

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French Existentialist writer (The Stranger)

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canto

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a major division of a long poem

Front 28

Willa Sibert Cather
1873-1947

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American author, wrote about 1880s pioneering life in the Midwest (O Pioneers! My Antonio)

Front 29

Miguel de Cervantes
1547-1616

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Spanish writer (Don Quixote de la Mancha)

Front 30

Geoffrey Chaucer
1343-1400

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14th century English author; often called the Father of English Poetry (The Canterbury Tales)

Front 31

Anton Pavlovich Chekhov
1860-1904

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Russian writer, best known for his plays (The Cherry Orchard, The Three Sisters)

Front 32

Agatha Christie
1890-1976

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English mystery writer; created the famous detective Hercule poirot

Front 33

classicism

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literature characterized by balance, restraint, unity and proportion; epitomized by Virgil, Pope, Homer

Front 34

Samuel Clemons
(pseudonym - Mark Twain)
1835-1910

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American Author (Tom Sawyer, Huckleberry Finn, A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court)

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Samuel Taylor Coleridge
1772-1834

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English Romantic Poet; with Wordsworth, published Lyrical Ballads, which inaugurated the romantic movement in England (The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, Kubla Khan, Christabel)

Front 36

Joseph Conrad
1857-1924

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English novelist born in Poland (Heart of Darkness, Lord Jim)

Front 37

James Fenimore Cooper
1789-1851

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18th century American novelist who wrote about the American frontier (Leather-Stocking Tales, which includes The Last of the Mohicans and The Deerslayer)

Front 38

couplet

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two successive rhyming lines of poetry, usually having the same meter

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Dante
1265-1321

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(13th -early 14th century) considered the greatest Italian poet (The Diving Comedy, an allegory in verse consisting of 100 cantos)

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deconstructionism

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contemporary literary criticism

Front 41

Daniel Defoe
1660-1731

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earlhy English novelist (Robinson Crusoe, Moll Flanders)

Front 42

Charles Dickens
1812-1870

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English novelist (David Copperfield, A Tale of Two Cities, Oliver Twist, Nicholas Nickleby, A Christmas CArol)

Front 43

Emily Dickinson
1830-1886

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one of the great American poets of the 19th century ("Because I Could Not Stop for Death")

Front 44

John Donne
1572-1631

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considered the greatest English metaphysical poet (The Flea, Death Be Not Proud)

Front 45

John Dos Passos
1896-1970

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American author, best known for his trilogy U.S.A about the first 30 years of 20th century America

Front 46

Fyodor Mikhaylovich Dostoyevsky
1821-1881

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Russian novelist (Crime and Punishment, The Brothers Karamazov, The Idiot)

Front 47

Sir Arthur Conan Doyl
1859-1930

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English author, creator of Sherlock Holmes and his aide, Watson

Front 48

Theodore Dreiser
1871-1945

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American novelist associated with naturalist movement (Sister Carrie, An American Tragedy)

Front 49

Alexandre Dumas
1802-1870

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French novelist and dramatist (The Three Muskateers, The Count of Monte Cristo)

Front 50

T[homas] S[tearns] Eliot
1888-1965

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20th century English (American born) poet, dramatist and critic (prufrock and Other Observations, The Waste Land, Murder in the Cathedral)

Front 51

Ralph Waldo Emerson
1803-1882

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American poet and essayist; central figure in American transcendentalism

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epistolary novel

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a novel in which the story is carried forward entirely through letters from one or more persons (Richardson's Pamela)

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epithalamion or epithalamium

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a song or poem written to celebrate marriage

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Euripides
480-406 BC

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Greek tragic dramatist (Medea)

Front 55

Mary Anne Evans
(peseudonym - George Eliot)
1819-1880

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English novelist (Middlemarch, The Mill on the Floss, Silas Marner)

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existentialism

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school of though based on belief that people have free will and are therefore completely responsible for their actions (Sartre Camus)

Front 57

William Faulkner
1897-1962

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20th century American novelist; wrote about the South; known for his use of stream of consciousness (The Sound and the Fury, As I Lay Dying, Absalom, Absalom!)

Front 58

Henry Fielding
1707-1754

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early English novelist (Tom Jones, Joseph Andrews)

Front 59

F[rancis Scout Fitzgerald
1896-1940

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considered the literary spokesperson for America's Jazz Age [The Lost Generation] (This Side of Paradise, The Great Gatsby)

Front 60

Gustave Flaubert
1821-1880

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French novelist (Madame Bovary)

Front 61

Robert Frost
1874-1963

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Most popular 20th century American poet (Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening, Mending Wall, After Apple Picking)

Front 62

Erie Stanley Gardner
1889-1970

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American writer, author of Perry Mason mysteries

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genre

Back 63

a type of classification of literary work (e.g. tragedy, comedy, epic, satire, lyric, novel, essay, biography)

Front 64

Johann Wolfgang von Goeth
1749-1832

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German poet, playwright and novelist (Faust, a verse play in which the character mephistopheles is the devil; The Sorrows of Young Werther, an epistolary novel)

Front 65

William Golding
1911-1993

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20th century Romantic poet (Lord of the Flies)

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Thomas Gray
1716-1771

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early English Romantic poet (Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard)

Front 67

haiku

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form of verse or poetry made up of 3 unrhymed lines containing 5, 7, and 5 syllables respectively

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sonnet

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14 line poeme with rigidly prescribed rhyme scheme

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Thomas Hardy
1840-1928

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The last of England's great victorian novelists (Mayor of Casterbridge, Tess of the D'urbervilles, Jude the Obscure, Far from the Madding Crowd, The Return of the Native)

Front 70

Nathaniel Hawthorne
1804-1864

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19th century American author who set many of his stories against the somber background of Puritan New England (The Scarlet Letter, in which Hester Pryne is the adultress, Arthur Dimmesdale the adulterer, and Roger Chillingworth the husband; The House of Seven Gables)

Front 71

Ernest Hemingway
1899-1961

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American author, noted for his crisp economical, highly charged prose style and his ideals of courage, endurance, and honor (A Farewell to Arms, For Whom the Bell Tolls, The Old Man and the Sea)

Front 72

John Hersey
1914-1993

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American novelist, known for his works about World War II (A Bell for Adano)

Front 73

Hermann Hesse
1877-1962

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German author (Siddhartha, Steppenwolf, Narcissus and Goldmund, Magister Ludi)

Front 74

Homer
9th - 8th century BC

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the earliest Greek writer whose works have survived; his two major epics, The Iliad and The Odyssey, are both about events connected with the TRojan War

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hubris

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excessive pride leading to the downfall fo the hero in a tragic drama

Front 76

Victor Hugo
1802-1885

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French Novelist (The Hunchback of Notre Dame, Les Miserables)

Front 77

Aldous Huxley
1894-1963

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English novelist and critic (Brave New World)

Front 78

hyperbole

Back 78

bold overstatement or extravagent exaggeration of fact, used for either serious or comic effect

Front 79

Henrik Ibsen
1828-1906

Back 79

Norwegian playwright; considered the fater of modern realistic drama (A Doll's House, Hedda Gabler)

Front 80

irony

Back 80

a literary device in which the meaning stated is contrary to the one intended

Front 81

Henry Jmes
1843-1916

Back 81

American author, known for his subtle psychological character studies (The Turn of the Screw, The Ambassadors, Daisy Miller, Washington Square, The Portrait of a Lady)

Front 82

Samuel Johnson
1709-1784

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18th century English writer, noted for Boswell's famous biography of him, as well as for his Dictionary of the English Language, The Lives of the English Poets and Rasselas)

Front 83

James Joyce
1882-1941

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Irish author, noted for use of interior monologue and stream of consciousness (Ulysses, Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, The Dubliners, Finnegan's Wake)

Front 84

John Keats
1795-1821

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English Romantic Poet (Endymion, Ode to a Nightingale, Ode on a Grecian Urn, La BElle Dame sans Merci)

Front 85

kitsch

Back 85

a German word that literally means trash and frequently is applied to a work of poor quality that appeals to low brow tastes

Front 86

Charles Lamb
1775-1834

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English Essayist

Front 87

lampoon

Back 87

in prose or poetry, a vicious character sketch or satire of a person

Front 88

D[avid] H[erbert] Lawrence
1885-1930

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English novelist, poet and short story writer (Sons and Lovers, Lady Chatterley's Lover)

Front 89

Sinclair Lewis
1885-1951

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early 20th century American novelist and social critic (Main Street, Babbitt, Arrowsmith, Elmer Gantry)

Front 90

Jack London
1876-1916

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American novelist and short-story writer, whose works deal romantically with elemental struggles for survival (Call fo the Wild)

Front 91

Henry Wadworth Longfellow
1807-1882

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most popular American poet of the 19th century (Evangeline, Hiawatha)

Front 92

lost generation

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term coined by Gertrude Stein, originally referring to the many oung American writers who gathered in Paris after World War I (Hemingway, Fitzgerald)

Front 93

Norman Mailer
b. 1923

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contemporary American novelist, essayist, and journalist (The Naked and the Dead)

Front 94

Thomas Mann
1875-1955

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American (German-born) author (Death in Venice, The Magic Mountain)

Front 95

Christopher Marlowe
1564-1593

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16th century English poet and dramatis; he was he first to use blank verse on the stage, influenced Shakespear (Dr. Faustus, THe Jew of Malta)

Front 96

Herman Melville
1819-1891

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19th century American novelist (Moby Dick, in which Ismael narrates the story of Captain Ahab's search for a white whale; Billy Budd; Typee)

Front 97

H[enry] L[ouis] Mencken
1880-1956

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the most influential American critic of the 1920s and early 30s

Front 98

Arthur Miller
1915-2005

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contemporary American dramatist (Death of a Salesman, The Crucible, The Misfits)

Front 99

Henry Miller
1891-1980

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20th century American author (Tropic of Cancer, Tropic of Capricorn)

Front 100

A[lan] A[lexander] Milne
1882-1956

Back 100

English author, creator of Winnie the Pooh

Front 101

John Milton
1608-1674

Back 101

17th century English poet (Paradise Lost, Paradise Regained, Samson Agonistes, all three written when he was blind)

Front 102

Moliere
1622-1673

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(stage name of Jean Baptiste Poquelin) the greates French writer of comedy (Tartuffe, The Misanthrope)

Front 103

motif

Back 103

the recurrence of a theme, word pattern, or character in a literary work

Front 104

Vladimir Nabokov
1899-1977

Back 104

American author (Lolita, Invitation to a Beheading)

Front 105

naturalism

Back 105

a type of realistic fiction that developed in France, America and England in the late 19th century and early 20th centuries. It presupposes that human beings are like puppets, controlled completely by external and internal forces

Front 106

realism

Back 106

the idea that people have a measure of free will

Front 107

octave

Back 107

a poetic stanza with eight lines

Front 108

sestet

Back 108

a poetic stanza with six lines

Front 109

ode

Back 109

a sustained lyric poem with a noble theme and intellectual tone

Front 110

Eugene O' Neill
1888-1953

Back 110

one of the greatest American playwrights (The Emperoro HJones, Desire Under the Elms, Ah! Wilderness, The Iceman Cometh, Long Day's Journey Into Night)

Front 111

onomatopoeia

Back 111

a word whose sound is descriptive of its sense of meaning

Front 112

Ovid
43 B.C. - 17 A.D.

Back 112

Roman Poet (Metamorphoses, The Art of Love)

Front 113

oxymoron

Back 113

an expression that employs two opposing terms; for example, benign neglect

Front 114

parable

Back 114

a story told to illustrate a moral truth or lesson

Front 115

parody

Back 115

a humorous literary work that ridicules a serious work by imitating and exaggerating its style

Front 116

personification

Back 116

a figure of speech that gives human forms and characteristics to abstactions, objects, animals,etc.

Front 117

Petrarch
1304-1374

Back 117

14th century Italian poet and scholar known for his love poems and his discovery of classical authors (Canzoniere [Book of Songs], a collection of 400 of his poems, most of them about a woman named Laura

Front 118

Edgar Allan Poe
1809-1949

Back 118

19th century American poet, critic and short story writer; the father of modern mystery and detective fiction (The Murders in the Rue Morgue, The Fall of the House of Usher, The Raven)

Front 119

Alexander Pope
1688-1744

Back 119

The greatest English poet of the early 1700s brilliant satirist (The Rape of the Lock, An Essay on Criticism, An Essay on Man)

Front 120

potboiler

Back 120

an inferior literary work written solely to provide the author with money

Front 121

Ezra Pound
1885-1972

Back 121

American poet and critic, one of the most influential poets and controversial figures of the 20th century (Cantos)

Front 122

Marcel Proust
1871-1922

Back 122

French author (The Remembrance of Things Past, the story of his life told as an allegorical search for truth)

Front 123

Aleksandr Sergeyvich Pushkin
1799-1837

Back 123

Russia's most celebrated poet; also wrote plays and other prose (Eugene Onegin, The BRonze Horseman)

Front 124

Jean Racine
1639-1699

Back 124

17th century French classicist writer of tragic drama (Phaedra, Andromache)

Front 125

roman a clef

Back 125

a novel based on real persons and events

Front 126

romantic movement

Back 126

19th centiury literary movement that began in England; contrasts with classicism; emphasizes passion rather than reason, and imagination and inspiration rather than logic (Blake, Wordsworth, Coleridge, Shelley, Keats, Byron)

Front 127

Carl Sandburg
1878-1967

Back 127

major 20th century American poet, also an historian and a biographer (Abraham Lincoln, The Fog, Chicago)

Front 128

satire

Back 128

a type of literary work that uses sarcasm, wit and irony to ridicule and expose the follies of mankind (The Rape of the Lock, Gulliver's Travels)

Front 129

Sir Walter Scott
1771-1832

Back 129

later 18th -early 19th century Scottish novelist and poet; inventor of the historical novel (The Lady of the Lake, Waverly, Ivanhoe)

Front 130

William Shakespeare
1564-1616

Back 130

the towering figure in English literature, considered both the greatest dramatist and the greatest poet

Front 131

George Bernard Shaw
1856-1950

Back 131

English (Irish-born) author of satirical plays (Pygmalion, used as basis for My Fair Lady; Man and Superman; Saint Joan)

Front 132

Percy Bysshe Shelley
1792-1822

Back 132

early 19th century English Romatic Poet (Prometheus Unbound, Adonais, Ode to the West Wind)

Front 133

simile

Back 133

figure of speech in which a comparison between two distinctly different things is indicated by the word like or as (O my love is like a red, red rose)

Front 134

metaphor

Back 134

figure of speech in which a statement in which a statement of identity instead of comparison is made (O my love is a red, red rose)

Front 135

sonnet

Back 135

a poem of 14 iambic pentameter lines and a rigidly prescribed rhyme scheme; two types: Italian or Petrarchan, and English or Shakespearean

Front 136

Sophocles
496 - 406 B.C.

Back 136

Greek Dramatist (Oedipus the King, Antigone)

Front 137

Edmund Spenser
1552-1599

Back 137

great Elizabethan poet (The Faerie Queene)

Front 138

Gertrude Stein
1874-1946

Back 138

American author, central figure in a circle of outstanding artist and writer expatriates in Paris (The Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas)

Front 139

John Steinbeck
1902-1968

Back 139

20th century American author, known for his powerful novels about agricultural workers (The Grapes of Wrath, Of Mice and Men, East of Eden)

Front 140

Robert Louis Stevenson
1850-1894

Back 140

19th century Scottis novelist, essayist, and poet; known for his adventure stories (Treasure Island, Kidnapped, A Child's Garden of Verses)

Front 141

stream of consciousness

Back 141

literary style ,employed especially by Joyce and Faulkner, that presents the inner thoughts of a character in an uneven, endless stream that simulates the character's consciousness

Front 142

Jonathan Swift
1667-1745

Back 142

late 17th -18th century English author, great satirist (Gulliver's Travels, A Modest Proposal)

Front 143

Henry David Thoreau
1817-1862

Back 143

American philosopher and writer; renowned for having lived the doctrines of transcendentalism (Civil Disobedience, Walden)

Front 144

J.R.R. Tolkien
1892-1973

Back 144

English author (The Hobbit, The Lord of the Rings)

Front 145

Count Leo Tolstoy
1828-1910

Back 145

19th century Russian author, one of the world's greatest novelists (War and Peace, Anna Karenina)

Front 146

transcendentalism

Back 146

school of thought based on belief in the essential unity of all creation, the innate goodness of human beings, and the supremacy of insight over logic and experience for the revelation of the deepest truths (Thoreau, Emerson)

Front 147

John Updike
b. 1932

Back 147

contemporary American author (Rabbit series)

Front 148

Vergil or Virgil
70-19 B.C.

Back 148

greatest Roman poet; wrote teh Aeneid, the epic that tells of the founding of Rome and describes the adventures of Aeneas, the legendary Trojan hero who founded the city

Front 149

Victorian Age

Back 149

refers to 19th century England; typified by optimism and conservative ideals

Front 150

Voltaire
1694-1778

Back 150

18th century French author(Candide)

Front 151

Alice Walker
b.20th century American author

Back 151

The Color Purple

Front 152

Walt Whitman
1819-1892

Back 152

one of the great American poets; his poems sing the praise of America and democracy (Leaves of Grass, O Captain! My Captain! a poem on Lincoln's death)

Front 153

Oscar Wilde
1854-1900

Back 153

late 19th century Irish playwright, poet and novelist; attacked Victorian narrow-mindedness and complacency (The Picture of Dorian Gray, The Importance of Being Earnest)

Front 154

Thornton Wilder
1897-1975

Back 154

American novelist and playwright (The Bridge of San Luis Rey, Our Town, Matchmaker, which was the basis for the Broadway musical Hello, Dolly)

Front 155

Tennessee Williams
1911-1983

Back 155

considered the greatest American playwright (The Glass Menagerie, A Streetcar Named Desire, Cat on a Hot Tin Roof)

Front 156

Thomas Wolfe
1900-1938

Back 156

American author, known for his autobiograpical novels (Look Homeward, Angel; You Can't Go Home Again)

Front 157

Virginia Woolf
1882-1941

Back 157

English novelist and critic; with her husband Leonard, provided a center for the Bloomsbury Group, an informal group of famous intellectuals (Mrs. Dalloway, To the Lighthouse)

Front 158

Richard Wright
1908-1960

Back 158

20th century American author, known for his descriptionof black life in America (Native Son, Black Boy, his autobiography)

Front 159

William Butler Yeats
1865-1939

Back 159

Irish poet and dramatist, considered by many the greatest poet of his time; led the Irish Literary Revival; his love for Maud Gonne, a beautiful Irish nationalist leader, influenced many of his plays and love lyrics

Front 160

Emile Zola
1840-1902

Back 160

leader of the French naturalist school, which de-emphasized the role of free will in human life (Nana; J'accuse, which helped win a new trail for Alfred Dreyfus)