Mary's Cardio Terms A

Front 1

ARTERIAL BLOOD PRESSURE

Back 1

COMMON MEASURE OF BLOOD PRESSURE. MEASUREMENT OF THE AIR PRESSURE REQUIRED TO OBLITERATE THE PULSE WAVE, AND PERMIT THE RE-ENTRY OF THE PULSE WAVE

Front 2

CARDIAC INDEX

Back 2

THE VOLUME OF BLOOD PUMPED BY THE HEART IN A UNIT OF TIME DIVIDED BY THE BODY SURFACE AREA, USUALLY EXPRESSED IN LITERS PER MINUTE PER SQUARE METER.

Front 3

MEAN ARTERIAL PRESSURE

Back 3

AVERAGE PRESSURE IN ARTERY FOR ONE HEARTBEAT

Front 4

POINT OF MAXIMAL IMPULSE

Back 4

THE POINT ON THE CHEST WHERE THE IMPULSE OF THE LEFT VENTRICLE IS FELT MOST STRONGLY, NORMALLY IN THE FIFTH CASTAL INTERSPACE INSIDE THE MAMMILLARY LINE (PMI)

Front 5

SYSTEMIC VASCULAR RESISTANCE

Back 5

AN INDEX OF ARTERIOLAR CONSTRICTION THROUGHOUT THE BODY, CALCULATED BY DIVIDING THE BLOOD PRESSURE BY THE CARDIAC OUTPUT

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SECONDARY HYPERTENSION

Back 6

HYPERTENSION THAT IS SECONDARY TO ANOTHER DISEASE

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ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Back 7

A SUDDEN, SEVERE CORONARY EVENT THAT MIMICS A HEART ATTACK, SUCH AS UNSTABLE ANGINA

Front 8

ANGINA

Back 8

A SEVERE CONSTRICTING PAIN, ESPECIALLY ANGINA PECTORIS

Front 9

COLLATERAL CIRCULATION

Back 9

CIRCULATION MAINTAINED IN SMALL ANASTOMOSING VESSELS WHEN THE MAIN ARTERY IS OBSTRUCTED

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METABOLIC EQUIVALENT (MET)

Back 10

THE ENERGY EXPENDED WHILE RESTING, USUALLY CALCULATED AS THE ENERGY USED TO BURN 3 TO 4 MILLILITERS OF OXYGEN PER KILOGRAM OF BODY WEIGHT PER MINUTE.

Front 11

PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION (PCI)

Back 11

THE MANAGEMENT OF CORONARY ARTERY OCCLUSION BY ANY OF VARIOUS CATHETER-BASED TECHNIQUES

Front 12

SILENT ISCHEMIA

Back 12

CARDIAC ISCHEMIA WITHOUT PAIN OR OTHER SYMPTOMS

Front 13

STENT

Back 13

A SLENDER RODLIKE OR THREADLIKE DEVICE USED TO PROVIDE SUPPORT FOR TUBULAR STRUCTURES THAT ARE BEING ANASTOMOSED, OR TO INDUCE OR MAINTAIN THEIR PATENCY.

Front 14

UNSTABLE ANGINA

Back 14

ANGINA PECTORIS CHARACTERIZED BY PAIN OF CORONARY ORIGIN THAT OCCURS IN RESPONSE TO LESS EXERCISE OR OTHER STIMULI THAN USUALLY REQUIRED TO PRODUCE PAIN

Front 15

PAROXYSMAL NOCTURNAL DYSPNEA
(PND)

Back 15

DYSPNEA CAUSED BY THE LUNG CONGESTION AND EDEMA THAT RESULTS FROM PARTIAL HEART FAILURE AND OCCURRING SUDDENLY AT NIGHT, USUALLY AN HOUR OR TWO AFTER INDIVIDUAL HAS FALLEN ASLEEP

Front 16

PULMONARY EDEMA

Back 16

EDEMA OF THE LUNGS USUALLY DUE TO MITRAL STENOSIS OR LEFT VENTRICULAR FAILURE

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SYSTOLE

Back 17

THE ABSENCE OF CONTRACTIONS OF THE HEART

Front 18

CARDIAC PACEMAKER

Back 18

A GROUP OF CELLS RHYTHMICALLY INITIATING THE HEARTBEAT, BHARACTERIZED PHYSIOLOGICALLY BY A SLOW LOSS OF MEMBRANE POTENTIAL DURING DIASTOLE; USUALLY IT IS THE SINOATRIAL NODE

Front 19

HEART BLOCCK

Back 19

IMPAIRMENT OF CONDUCTION OF AN IMPULSE IN HEART EXCITATION; IT IS SUBCLASSIFIED AS FIRST DEGREE WHEN CONDUCTION TIME IS PROLONGED, SECOND DEGREEWHEN SOME ATRIALIMPULSES ARE VOT CONDUCTED, AND THIRD DEGREE WHEN NO ATRIAL IMPULSES ARE CONDUCTED AKA ATRIOVENTRICULAR BLOCK

Front 20

PREMETURE ATRIAL CONTRACTION
(PAC)

Back 20

AN ECTOPIC HEARTBEAT THAT ORIGINATES IN THE ATRIA AND PRECEDES A TYPICAL ATRIAL CONTRACTION

Front 21

PREMATURE VENTRICULAR CONTRACTION (PVC)

Back 21

AN EXTRA SYSTOLE INVOLVING THE VENTRICLES OF THE HEART, SOMETIMES PRODUCING ACCOMPANYING PALPITATIONS

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VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA

Back 22

AN ABNORMALLY RAPID VENTRICULAR RHYTHM WITH ABERRANT VENTRICULAR EXITATION, USUALLY ABOVE 150 BEATS PER MINUTES, GENERATED WITHIN THE VENTRICLE, AND MOST OFTEN ASSOCIATED WITH ATRIOVENTRICULAR DISSOCIATION

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AORTIC STENOSIS

Back 23

PATHOLOGICAL NARROWING OF THE ORIFICE OF THE AORTIC VALVE

Front 24

ASCHOFF BODY

Back 24

A GRANULOMATOUS INFLAMMATION CHARACTERISTIC OF ACUTE RHEUMATIC CARDITIS, CONSISTING OF FIBRINOID CHANGES IN CONNECTIVE TISSUE AND LYMPHOCYTES

Front 25

HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY (HCM)

Back 25

A FORM MARKED BY VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY, PARTICULARLY OF THE LEFT VENTRICLE, WITH IMPAIRED VENTRICULAR FILLING DUE TO DIASTOLIC DYSFUNCTION

Front 26

JANEWAY LESION

Back 26

A SMALL ERYTHEMATOUS OR HEMORRHAGIC LESION SEEN IN SOME CASES OF BACTERIAL ENDOCARDITIS, USUALLY ON THE PALM OR THE SOLE.

Front 27

PERICARDITIS

Back 27

THE SWELLING AND IRRITATION OF THE PERICARDIUM, THE THIN SAC-LIKE MEMBRANE THAT SURROUNDS YOUE HEART. THIS CONDITION OFTEN CAUSES CHEST PAIN.

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MITRAL VALVE PROLAPSE (MVP)

Back 28

A CONDITION IN WHICH THER IS EXCESSIVE RETROGRADE MOVEMENT OF THE MITRAL VALVE INTO THE
THE LEFT ATRIUM DURING LEFT VENTRICULAR SYSTOLE, OFTEN ALLOWING MITRAL REGURGITATION

Front 29

MYOCARDITIS

Back 29

INFLAMMATION OF THE MUSCULAR WALLS OF THE HEART.

Front 30

OSLER'S NODES

Back 30

SMALL,RAISED,SWOLLEN,TENDER AREAS, BLUISH OR SOMETIMES PINK OR RED,OCCURRING COMMONLY IN THE PADS OF THE FINGERSOR TOES, IN THE THENAR OR HYPOTHENAR EMINENCES, OR THE SOLES OF THE FEET; THEY ARE PRACTICALLY PATHOGNOMONIC OF SUBACUTE BACTERIAL ENDOCARDITIS

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PERICARDIAL EFFUSIONS

Back 31

THE SECOND STAGE OF PERICARDITIS WHEN MUCH INFLAMMATORY EXUDATE ACCUMULATES, PART OF A GENERAL EDEMATOUS STATE OR IN CASES OF NEOPLASIAINVOLVING THE EPICARDIUM OR PERICARDIUM

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PERICARDIAL RUB

Back 32

A SCRAPING OR GRATING FRICTION RUB HEARD WITH THE HEART BEAT, USUALLY A TO-AND-FRO SOUND, ASSOCIATED WITH PERICARDITIS OR OTHER PATHOLOGICAL CONDITION OF THE PERICARDIUM

Front 33

REGURGITATION

Back 33

THE BACKFLOW OF BLOOD THROUGH A DEFECTIVE HEART VALVE

Front 34

RHEMATIC FEVER

Back 34

AN ACUTE INFLAMMATORY DISEASE OCCURRING DURING RECOVERY FROM INFECTION WITJ GROUP A STREPTOCOCCI,HAVING AN ONSET MARKED BY FEVER AND JOINT PAIN. FREQUENTLY FOLLOWED BY SCARRING OF THE HEART VALVES

Front 35

AORTIC DISSECTION

Back 35

A DISSECTING ANEURYSM OF THR AORTA

Front 36

DEEP VENOUS THROMBOSIS (DVT)

Back 36

A CONDITION IN WHICH ONE OR MORE THROMBI FORM IN A DEEP VEIN, ESPECIALLY IN THE LEG OR PELVIS, RESULTING IN AN INCREASED RISK OF PULMONARY EMBOLISM.

Front 37

RAYNAUD'S PHENOMENOM

Back 37

SENSITIVITY OF THE HANDS TO COLD DUE TO SPASMS OF THE DIGITAL ARTERIES, RESULTING IN BLANCHING AND NUMBNESS OF THE FINGERS

Front 38

VIRCHOW'S TRIAD

Back 38

THREE FACTORS LEADING TO THROMBOSIS: STASIS, HYPERCOAGULABILITY AND INTIMAL CHANGE