Marriages & Family Exam 1

Front 1

Family by U.S. census bureau

Back 1

a group of two or more persons related by blood, marriage, or adoption and residing together in a household

Front 2

Making choices by default?

Back 2

choices people make when they aren't aware of alternative or when they persue the path of least resistance

Front 3

Family identity

Back 3

ideas and feelings about hte uniqueness and value of one's family unit

Front 4

choosing knowledgibility

Back 4

making choices and decisions after
1. recognizing as many options as possible
2. recongnizing the social pressure that can influence personal choices
3. considering the consequences
of each alternative
4. becoming aware of one's own values

Front 5

family decline perspective

Back 5

Some family scholars and policy makers characterize late-twentieth-century developments in the family as “decline,” while others describe “change.” Those who take the “family decline” perspective view such changes as increases in the age at first marriage, divorce, cohabitation, and nonmarital births and the decline in fertility as disastrous for the family as a major social institution. “Family change” scholars and policy makers consider that the family has varied over time. They argue that the family can adapt to recent changes and continue to play a strong role in society.

Front 6

data collection techniques

Back 6

ways that data are gathered when doing research
examples:
interviews, observation, focus groups, experiments, case studies, etc.

Front 7

structure-functional perspective

Back 7

it looks to the functions that instutitions perform for society and the structural form of the institution

Front 8

interaction-constructionist perspective

Back 8

focuses on internal family dynamics on the going action among and response to one another of family members

Front 9

family ecology perspective

Back 9

explores how a family influences and is influenced by environments that surround it. a family is interdependent first with its neighborhood then social cultural environment and ultimately with the human built and physical/biological environment.
all parts of the model are interlatted and influence on another.

Front 10

family developmentalist

Back 10

perspective that follows that families through fairly typical stages in the life course such as marriage, child birth, stages of rasing children, adult children leaving home, retirement, and possible widowhood

Front 11

naturalistic observation

Back 11

investigation in which a researcher lives with a family and carefully records their acitives( actions, gestures, etc.)

Front 12

exchange theory

Back 12

sees relationships are determined by the exchange of resources and the rewardcost balance of that exchange
-people marry people like themselves (same social class)

Front 13

feminists

Back 13

see that male dominance in families and society is oppressive

Front 14

attatchment theory

Back 14

during childhood a young person develops a general style of attaching to others

Front 15

3 styles of attatchment theory

Back 15

1. secure
2. insecure
3. avoidant

Front 16

experiment

Back 16

one tool science investigation which behavior are carefully measured and watched under controlled conditions

Front 17

theoritcals perspective

Back 17

a way of viewing reality or a lense through which analysts organize and interpret what they observe

Front 18

life chances

Back 18

opportunites that exsist for a social group
examples: to pursue education, perserve health, (etc.)

Front 19

social class

Back 19

position in the social hierachy such as upper, middle, working, lower, can be analyzed in terms of status, respect, and lifestyle

Front 20

gender roles

Back 20

perscription for masculine or feminine

Front 21

masculine role

Back 21

instrumental character traits and behavior

Front 22

feminine roles

Back 22

specifies expressive behavior

Front 23

gender identity

Back 23

the degree to which individual see themselves as masculine or feminine

Front 24

traditional sexism

Back 24

men and women are essentially different and should occupy different social roles

Front 25

modern sexism

Back 25

-denile of the exsistence of disrcimination against women
-resentment of complaits about discrimination
-resentment of special favors for women

Front 26

insturmental character traits

Back 26

1. confidence
2. assertiveness
3. ambition
all enable to a person to finish difficult task

Front 27

expressive character traits

Back 27

-warmth
-sensitivity
-expressive
the ability to express tender feelings and place others before self interest

Front 28

hermaphrodite

Back 28

person having both male and female sex organs or other sexual characteristics

Front 29

historical events

Back 29

during depression couples delayed marriage and had fewer children
WW2 women were encouraged to get jobs

Front 30

1950's marriage to today

Back 30

1950's:
married young and had many kids
1960's:
marriage rate decrease and divore increased
today:
married later, fewer kids, higher divorce rates

Front 31

representative samples

Back 31

reflect the national adult population

Front 32

The "family change" perspective:

Back 32

c. argues that today's family forms constitute adjustments to changes in the broader society.

Front 33

The procedures, regulations, attitudes, and goals of government, religious institutions and the workplace that affect families constitute:

Back 33

c. family policy.

Front 34

Choosing by default means:

Back 34

a. making unconscious decisions.

Front 35

Values that emphasize the needs, goals, and identity of the group are called:

Back 35

communal

Front 36

Which of the following is NOT part of the definition of family?

Back 36

d. headed by a heterosexual couple

Front 37

Racial and ethnic minorities constitute approximately ________ of the U.S. population today.

Back 37

d. one-third

Front 38

Decisions by default occur because of:

Back 38

a. All of the answers are correct.

b. unknown alternatives.

c. pursing the easiest course of action.

d. blocked options.

Front 39

Minority groups

Back 39

anyone who isn't white
include: African, Mexian, other pacific islanders

Front 40

Percentage of whites in U.S. is?

Back 40

66%

Front 41

ethinic identity

Back 41

cultural distinctions based on language, religion, and histort

Front 42

baby boomers

Back 42

kids born after WW2

Front 43

Social scientists interviewed eight mothers in three rural trailer parks and described their lives in detail. This is an example of ________ research.

Back 43

a. quantitative

b. qualitative

Front 44

Class differences affect:

Back 44

a. All of the answers are correct.

b. the ability to purchase property.

c. the timing of marriage.

d. the feasibility of retiring.

Front 45

The majority of U.S. Latinos:

Back 45

c. were born in the U.S.

Front 46

Which of the following is characteristic of modern sexism?

Back 46

a. a belief that women and men are very different in personality and aptitudes

b. All of the answers are correct.

c. a denial that gender discrimination exists

Front 47

The rewards and costs among participants in a family are the focus of the ________ perspective.

Back 47

b. feminist

c. structure-functionalist

d. exchange

Front 48

After whites, the largest racial/ethnic group in the United States is:

Back 48

a. Hispanics.

b. American Indians.

d. Asian Americans.