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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
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number of births a typical woman will have over her lifetime
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replacement level
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level of fertility necessary for a society to replenish its population
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pronatalist bias
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social pressures to ahve children exist in society, strong norms against childlessness
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structural antinatalism
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slanted against having children or, at least, not doing all that can be done to support parents and children
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value of children perspective
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children bring unique benefits to parents
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social capital perspective
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parenthood brings parents into an extensive and supportive network (such as other family members)
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opportunity costs
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economic opportunities for wage earning and investments that parents forgo when rearing children
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multi-partnered fertility
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having children with more than one partner
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induced abortion
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purposefully obtained abortion
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involuntary infertility
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intending to have a child but physically being unable to do so
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attachment disorder
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defensively shutting off the willingness or ability to make future attachments
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transition to parenthood
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comparing the circumstances involved in assuming the parent role with those of other adult roles, such as worker or spouse
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parenting alliance
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the degree to which partners agree with and support each other as parents
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parenting style
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general manner of relating to and disciplining their children
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authoritarian parenting style
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low on emotional nurturing and support but high in parental direction and control
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laissez-faire parenting style
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permissive, allowing children to set their own limits with the little or no parental guidance
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authoritative parenting style
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combines emotional nurturing and support with parental direction. Encourage child's individuality and accepting the child's personality, talents, and emerging independence, while also consciously setting limits and enforcing rules.
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para-parent
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unrelated adult who informally plays a parent-like role for a child
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hierarchical parenting
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combines warm emotional support for children with a demand for significant respect for parents and other authority figures
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market work
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paid labor
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occupation segregation
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tendency for men and women to be employed in different types of jobs
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wage gap
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difference in earnings between men and women
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motherhood penalty
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negative life-time impact that motherhood has on earnings
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