Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
83 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
acculturation |
353, chapter 11
the learning of a new or foreign culture |
|
|
consumer fieldwork |
359, chapter 11
observational research by athropogists of the behaviors of a small sample of people from a particular society |
|
|
content analysis |
358, chapter 11
a method for systematically analyzing the content of verbal and or pictorial communication the method is frequently used to determine prevailing social values of a society in a particular era under society |
|
|
core values |
360, chapter 11
priorities and codes of conduct that both affects and reflects the character of american society |
|
|
culture |
348, chapter 11
the sum total of learned beliefs values and customs that serve to regulate the consumer behavior of members of a particular study |
|
|
enculturation |
353, chapter 11
the learning of the culture of ones own society |
|
|
field observation |
359, chapter 11
an anthropological measurement technique that focuses on observing behavior within a natural environment often without the subjects awareness |
|
|
participant-observers |
359, chapter 11
researchers who participate in the environment that they are studying without notifying those who are being observed |
|
|
ritual |
355, chapter 11
a type of symbolic activity consisting of a series o steps multiple behaviors occurring in a fixed sequence and repeated over time |
|
|
rokeach value surrey |
359, chapter 11
self administered inventory consisting of eighteen terminal values i.e. personal goals, and eighteen instrumental values i.e. ways of reaching personal goals |
|
|
symbols |
354, chapter 11
anything that stands for something else |
|
|
african american consumer |
384, chapter 12
americans of african heritage constituting more than 39 million americans or 13 percent of the us population |
|
|
age subcultures |
392, chapter 12
age sub groupings of the population |
|
|
asian americans |
388, chapter 12
the fastest growing american minority with a population of 14 million in size made up of chinese fillipinos, indian, vietnamese, korean, and japanese |
|
|
baby boomers |
392, chapter 12
indviduals born between 1946 and 1964 approximately 40% of the adult population |
|
|
cognitive ages |
396, chapter 12
an individual perceived age usually 10 to 15 years younger than his or her chronological age |
|
|
gender subcultures |
399, chapter 12
sex roles are an important cultural component and require products that are either exclusively or strongly associated with the members of one sex |
|
|
generatin x |
392, chapter 12
born between 1956 and 1970 this is post baby boomer segment also reffered to as hers or busters |
|
|
generation y |
392, chapter 12
the approximately 71 million americans who were born between the yeas 1977 and 1994 i.e. the child of baby boomers, members of this generation are also known as echo bombers and millennium generation can be divided into three subsegquents: Gen Y adults 19-28, Gen Y teens 13-18, Gen Y kids, or tweens |
|
|
geographic and regional subcultures |
382, chapter 12
the differences consumers from various parts of the country display in product selection and consumption due to their location and the areas traditions |
|
|
hispanic american subcultures |
375, chapter 12
the largest american minority group representing about 14 percent of the us population the three largest groups are median americans, puerto ricans, and cubans |
|
|
nationality subculturess |
375, chapter 12
a larger society in which members often retain a sense of identification and pride in the language and customs of their ancestors |
|
|
older consumers |
395, chapter 12
those customers who are approximately age 60-65 and older, which is expanding as a percentage of the market pool due to the declining birthdate the aging of baby boomers and advancements in medical care |
|
|
racial subcultures |
384, chapter 12
subgroups within a culture based on nationality or ethnicity the major racial subcultures in the united states are cuacasians, hispanics, african american, asian americans, and american indian |
|
|
religious subcultures |
382, chapter 12
groups classified by religious affiliation that may be targeted by marketers because of purchase decisions that are influenced by their religious identity |
|
|
sex roles |
399, chapter 12
traits and tendencies often associated with a particular gender for example masculine traits include aggressiveness and competitiveness wears feminine traits, include neatness tactfulness gentleness talkativeness |
|
|
subcultural interaction |
402, chapter 12
because consumers are simultaneously members of several subcultural groups marketers must determine how consumers specific subcultural memberships interact to influence the consumer purchase decisions |
|
|
subculture |
374, chapter 12
a distinct cultural group that exists as an identifiable segment within a larger more complex society |
|
|
working women |
400, chapter 12
females whoa are employed outside the home |
|
|
acculturation |
418, chapter 13
the learning of a new or foreign culture |
|
|
country-of-orgin effects |
410, chapter 13
the perceptions a consumer has of a product based on where it is manufactured, due to reputation or personal biases |
|
|
european union |
408, chapter 13
GROUP OF 27 Nations who eased trade restrictions among each other in hoes of pooling their resources and consumers creating a single economic power |
|
|
global strategy |
424, chapter 13
standardizing both product and communications programs when conducting business on a global basis |
|
|
local strategy |
424, chapter 13
customizing both product and communication programs by area or country when conducting bossiness on a global basis |
|
|
mixed strategies |
424, chapter 13
a marketing strategy that combines elements of the global and local marketing strategies offering either a customize message and uniform message and customized product |
|
|
multinational strategies |
424, chapter 13
decisions that marketers make on how to reach all potential consumers of their products in countries throughout the world |
|
|
north american free trade agreement NAFTA |
408, chapter 13
a trade association consisting of canada, us and mexico that reduces trade restrictions between the countries in an effort to bolster marketing opportunities |
|
|
product standardization |
424, chapter 13
|
|
|
three ps |
425, chapter 13
marketing elements place people and products considered when developing a marketing plan |
|
|
world band |
420, chapter 13
products that are manufactured packaged and positioned the same way regardless of the country in which they are sold |
|
|
adopt categories |
441, chapter 14
a sequence of categories that describes how early a costumer adopts a new product in relation to other adopter the five typical adopter categories are innovators early adopters early majority late majority and laggards |
|
|
adoption process |
432, chapter 14
the stages through which an individual consumer passes in arriving a a decisions to try or not to try to continue using or discontinue using a new product, the five stages of the traditional adoption process are awareness, interest, evaluation, trial adoption |
|
|
compatibility |
435, chapter 14
the degree to which potential customers perceive a new product is consistent with their present needs values and practices |
|
|
complexity |
436, chapter 14 the degree to which a new product is difficult to understand or use |
|
|
consumer innovators |
432, chapter 14
those who are among the first to purchase a new product |
|
|
continuous innovation |
433, chapter 14
a new product entry that is an improved or modified version of an existing production rather than a totally new product, a continuous innovation has the least disruptive influence on established consumption patterns |
|
|
diffusion of innovations |
432, chapter 14
the framework for exploring the spread of consumer acceptance of new products throughout the social system |
|
|
diffusion process |
432, chapter 14
the process by which the acceptance of an innovation is spread by communication to members of a social system over a period of time |
|
|
discontinuous innovation |
433, chapter 14
a dramatically new product entry that requires the establishment of new consumption practices |
|
|
dynamically continuous innovations |
433, chapter 14
a new product entry that is sufficiently innovative to have some disruptive effects on established consumption practices |
|
|
observability |
436, chapter 14
the ease with which a product benefits or attributes can be observed imagined or described to potential consumers |
|
|
penetration policy |
444, chapter 14
setting a relatively low introductory price on a new product to discourage competition from entering the market |
|
|
product or service innovation |
432, chapter 14
the creation and intro of a new product or service into market which can be viewed from different classifications. the firm oriented approach views the new product from the perspective of the company producing it. the product oriented approach views the product in terms of the products traits the market oriented approach looks at the new product in terms of its exposure to new consumers the consumer oriented approach considers a product new if it is new to them |
|
|
relative advantage |
435, chapter 14
the degree to which potential costumers perceive a new product as superior to existing substitutes |
|
|
skimming policy |
444, chapter 14
pricing policy in which marketers initially all a product at a high price to consumers who are wiling to pay top dollar for it and then gradually lower the price to draw in additional buyers |
|
|
stages in the adoption process |
445, chapter 14
see adoption process
adoption process--> the stages through which an individual consumer passes in arriving at a decision to try or not to try to continue suing or discontinue using a new product the five stages of the traditional adoption process are awareness, interest, evaluation, and adoption |
|
|
trialability |
436, chapter 14
the degree to which a new product is tried on a limited basis |
|
|
affect referral decision rule |
474, chapter 15
a simplified decision rule by which consumers make a product choice on the basis of their previously established overall rating of the brands considered rather than on specific attributes |
|
|
compensatory decision rules |
473, chapter 15
a type of decision rule in which a consumer evaluates each brand in terms of each relevant attribute and then selects the brand with the highest weighted score |
|
|
conjunctive decision rule |
473, chapter 15
a noncompensatory decision rule in which consumers establish a minimally acceptable cutoff point for each attribute evaluated brands that fall below the cutoff point on any one attribute are eliminated from further consideration |
|
|
consumer decision making |
458, chapter 15
the process of making purchase decisions based on cognitive and emotional influences such as impulse family friends advertisers role models moods situations that influence a purchase |
|
|
consumer decision rules |
473, chapter 15
procedures adopted by consumers to reduce the complexity of making product and brand decisions |
|
|
consumption process |
458, chapter 15
a process consisting of three stages the input stage establishes the consumption set and con suing style the process of consuming and possessing which includes using possessing collecting and imposing of things and the output stage which includes changes in feelings moods attitudes and behavior toward the product or service based on personal experience |
|
|
disjunctive rule |
474, chapter 15
a noncompensatory decision rule in which consumers establish a minimally acceptable cutoff point for each relevant product attribute any brand meeting or surpassing the cutoff point for an one attribute is considered an acceptable choice |
|
|
evaluation of alternatives |
466, chapter 15
a stage in the consumer decision making process in which the consumer appraises the benefits to be derived from each f the product alternatives being considered
|
|
|
evoked set |
470 chapter 15
the specific brands a consumer considers in making a purchase choice in a particular product category |
|
|
extensive problem solving |
460, chapter 15
decision making efforts by consumers who have no established criteria for evaluating a product category or specific brands in that category or have not narrowed the number of brands to manageable subset |
|
|
gifting behavior |
482, chapter 15
the process of gift exchange that takes place between a giver and a recipient
|
|
|
heuristics |
463, chapter 15
consumer decision rules --> same thing procedures adopted by consumers to reduce the complexity of making product and brand decisions |
|
|
inept set |
470, chapter 15
brands that a consumer excludes from purchase consideration |
|
|
inert set |
470, chapter
brands that consumer is indifferent toward because they are perceived as having no particular advantage |
|
|
information overload |
463, chapter 15 a situation in which the consumer is presented with too much product or brand related information |
|
|
lexicographic decision rule |
474, chapter 15
a noncompensatory decision rule in which consumers first rank product attributes in terms of their importance then compare brands in terms of the attribute considered most important if one brand scores higher than the other brands it is selected if not the process is continued with the second ranked attribute and so on |
|
|
limited problem solving |
460, chapter 15
a limited search by consumer for a product that will satisfy his or her basic criteria from among selected group of brands |
|
|
moods |
464, chapter 15
an individuals subjectively perceived feeling state |
|
|
need recognition |
466, chapter 15
the realization by the consumer that there is a difference between what is and what should or can be |
|
|
noncompensatory decision rules |
473, chapter 15
a type of consumer decision rule by which positive evaluation of a brand attribute dos not compensate for i.e. is not blanked against a negative evaluation of the same brand on some other attribute |
|
|
postpurchase evaluation |
479, chapter 15
an assessment of a product based on actual trail after purchase |
|
|
pre purchase search |
466, chapter 15
a stage in the consumer decision making process in which the consumer perceives a need and actively seeks out information concerning products that will help satisfy that need |
|
|
purchase behavior |
479, chapter 15
behavior that involves two types of purchases trial purchase the exploratory phase in which consumers evaluate a product through direct use and repeat purchases which usually signify that the product meets with the consumers approve and the consumer is willing to use it again |
|
|
relationship marketing |
488, chapter 15
marketing aimed at creating strong lasting relationships with a core group of customers y akin them feel good about the company and by giving them some kind of personal connection to the business |
|
|
routinized response behavior |
460 chapter 15
a habitual purchase réponse based on predetermined criteria |
|
|
self gifts |
482, chapter 15
gifts to oneself |
