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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Water molecules are held together by hydrogen bonds and resist rupture when stretched. Responsible for surface tension and viscosity of water
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Cohesion
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Formation of a “skin” at the surface due to stretch of cohesion. Permits the existence of organisms either suspended below it or moving over the top
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Surface Tension
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A property that indicates the force necessary to separate the molecules and allow passage of an object through it.
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Viscosity
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Liquid to gas (vapor)
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Heat of vaporization
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Solid to liquid or vice versa
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Latent heat of fusion
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Water can hold a lot of heat and transport it though currents. Water is a strong buffer against both rising and falling temperature and moderates the climates
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Heat capacity
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The mass per unit volume of a substance; the number of individulas per unit area.
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Density
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Heat can be transmitted by _______
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Conduction, convection, and radiation
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______ is a rapid and efficient way of distributing heat in water
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Convection
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There is no light below ______
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1000m (3300 ft)
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____ travels faster in sea water than in air
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Sound
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Average velocity in sea water?
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1500m/sec (5000ft/sec)
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What leads to differences in salinity in the oceans?
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Differences in evaporization and precipitation in the open ocean and river input
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Which of the two oceans, North Atlantic or North Pacific, has a higher salinity?
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North Atlantic
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What are the 6 major inorganic ions found in seawater?
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Sodium, Chloride, Magnesium, Sulphate, Calcuim, Potassium
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Two ways an animal responds to salinity variation
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Osmoregulators and osmoconformers
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Maintian a constant internal salinity despite external changes. Crustaceans
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Osmoregulators
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The internal salinity changes along with external salinity, Echinoderms
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Osmoconformers
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Can withstand salinity fluctuations- common in estuaries
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Euryhaline species
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Cannot survive broad changes in salinity
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Stenohaline species
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At what depth would you find the oxygen minimum?
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500-1000m
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What accounts for changes in oxygen concentration with depth?
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Absense of photosynthesis and biological activity
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